- Bare metal executables . - SREC - HEX - VBF - OS Executables - Windows executable format - Linux executable format POSIX - Executable permission - File system basics - Conversion in-between (Windows and Linux ) - Wine project LINKs: https://www.heise.de/download/product... https://sourceforge.net/projects/npp-... https://www.winehq.org/

1. Executable Files
Medhat HUSSAIN

2. Agenda
 Terms
 Bare metal executables .
 OS Executables
 Windows executable format
 Linux executable format (POSIX)
 Executable permission
 File system basics
 Conversion (Windows Linux )
 Wine project
 References

3. Terms
 PE: Portable Executable
 ELF: Executable and Linkable Format

4. The bare metal executables (HEX files)
- The bare metal executables, used to describe the memory of an embedded system .
- Normally in the ASCII format
For instance :
- The S-record (S19, S28, S37)  (Motorola)
- The HEX file  (intel)
- VBF (Volvo)

5. The S-record (Motorola format)

6. The intel HEX

7. How to open binary file
 HxD
 Notepad++ plugin

8. OS Executables (None bare metal)
HW Architecture (e.g. X86, arm, PPC, MIPS and …)
Operating System (e.g. Windows, Linux and MAC)
Application
(e.g. PE, ELF and
Mach-O)

9. OS Executables (Major sections)
HEADER
Machine code
[Footer]
Meta data
DATA
[Meta data]
OS
OS
HW architecture !!?

10. OS Executables (Meta data)
 Contains information about the included code and sections.
 Could contain some information about the producer/Owner.
 Telling the OS, how to load the code to the RAM.
 Telling the OS, What dependences do we need e.g. DLL and SO
 ….

11. The Portable Executable (PE)
 The Windows executables format (.exe, .dll, …)

12. The Portable Executable (PE)
 The Magic Number

13. Executable and Linkable Format (ELF)
 The LINUX executable format (None, .run, .so and …)

14. Executable and Linkable Format (ELF)
 The Executable permission (Where ?)

15. File Systems (Basic)
Node 0
Node 1
….
Meta data
Data
Meta data
Data
Meta data
Data
Meta data
Data
Storage device

16. Conversion (Windows Linux )
 Machine code
 Meta data
 External libraries (System calls)

17. Wine project
 To run Windows application on Linux Os
 Trying to provide the same System libraries to the PE application
HW
LINUX (ELF)
ELF_0
WINE.elf
PE APP0
PE APP1 ELF_1
Windows Dlls
Wine
Services
(NT Kernel
like)

18. References
 https://www.heise.de/download/product/hxd-50764
 https://sourceforge.net/projects/npp-plugins/files/Hex%20Editor/
 https://www.winehq.org/