Managing African Urban Risks for Sustainable Development: Zambia Outlook; Health and Water & Sanitation Sectors.

1. Association of African Economic and Development-AFRECO SUMMIT | 2016
Managing African Urban Risks for Sustainable Development
Mebeelo Kafungwa
United Nations University Student
1December, 11, 2016 @Sofia University

2. World Population Trends

3. Share of African Urban Population Living in Slums by Country

4. Source: UN world population prospects: The 2015 revision provided by United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), 2016
Asia
55%
Africa
9%
Europe
22%
Latin America
and the
Caribbean(LAC)
7%
Northern
America
7%
Oceania
0%
YEAR 1950
TOTAL: 2,526 BILLION
Asia
60%
Africa
16%
Europe
10%
Latin
America and
the
Caribbean(L
AC)
9%
Northern
America
5%
Oceania
0%
YEAR 2016
TOTAL: 7,433 BILLION
Asia
54%
Africa
26%
Europe
7%
Latin America
and the
Caribbean(LAC
)
8%
Northern
America
4%
Oceania
1%
YEAR 2050
TOTAL: 9.726 BILLION
Asia
44%
Africa
39%
Europe
6%
Latin America
and the
Caribbean(LAC)
6%
Northern
America
4%
Oceania
1%
YEAR 2100
TOTAL: 11,214 BILLION
Asia
58%Africa
20%
Europe
9%
Latin America
and the
Caribbean(LAC)
8%
Northern
America
5%
Oceania
0%
YEAR 2030
TOTAL: 8,500 BILLION
Population estimates (1950–2016) and projected population (2017–2100) by world region, according to the medium fertility scenario

5. Africa's Transition Scenarios of Rural and Urban Population(millions)

6. Urban Risks to Opportunity, How?
Urban Infrastructure and Utility Services in urban slums and cities are key to help create the
economies of scale that will draw people and enterprises. But How?
Insecure
Tenure
Poor Health
Services
6
City Growth Strategic
Sustainable Plan

10. Translates into Economic Development via Building Climate Resilient Infrastructure

11. Simultaneously Meeting National Targets of 17 UN-SDGs by 2030

12. Zambia Outlook- 40% Living in Urban Areas(UN Zambia, 2016)
Health and Water Sanitation Hygiene Challenges-8.3 % of 2016 National Budget is HealthCare
• No access to essential drugs
vaccines and supplies
•Malnutrition
•Poor social determinants of
health
• Poor hygiene
• Lack clean water and proper
sanitation
• Indoor air pollution mostly women and
girls
• Poor Drainage and Solid Waste
Management
• High costs of certain
treatments or
prevention methods
• Pesticides and fertilizers
• Poor nutrition
• Lifestyle and diets
• Cultural and religious
beliefs
• No easy access to health clinics
• Not enough health workers
• Climate variability and change
• Service disparities-rural & urban
• Poor physical infrastructure Malaria, Sleeping
Sickness, elephantiasis,
helminthiasis,
haemorrhage, obstetric
fistula
Diabetes mellitus,
Cancer,
cardiovascular,
Chronic respiratory
diseases. Mental
illness, Depression,
spinal injuries
HIV/AIDS, STIs,
Stunting,
diphtheria, pertussis
(whooping cough),
tetanus, measles
Tuberculosis
Cholera
Diarrhoea-
Waterborne
Bilharzia

13. Suggested Innovative Solutions to Zambian Health and Hygiene Challenges
- GRZ Health Financing is through general tax and
budget support, with no designated revenue stream.
- The Zambian Govt understands urban risks. Constantly
committed and investing more each year in Health Sector
with 8.3 % percent allocated in 2016 budget.
Breakdown of Health Sector Allocation
Access to WASH services (JMP, 2012):(ZSHP, 2016)
– Drinking water coverage: 63% (49% rural and 85%
urban)
– Sanitation coverage: 43% (34% rural and 56% urban)

14. Government of Zambia Commitments to Managing Urban Risks in Health-WASH
Constantly Collaborating with NGOs and
the International Donor Community via
respective GRZ ministry for Targeted
research for Cancer, HIV-AIDS,
Tuberculosis, Malaria, WASH etc.
Mother to Child Transmission
Awareness Programmes are been
established in all parts of the nation
The ART programme that
has 300,000 people on
free medication in the
country;
The Dialysis Centre Zambia
created at UTH-providing
training to countries in the
region;
The private nursing schools in all
provincial HQ are been opened
and private medical school (Apex
University)
650 health posts under
construction
Drainages being made along-
side the new roads (L400 and
C400) and Link Zambia 8000
projects, to help with
sanitation in cities.
Finalizing the 7th National Development
Plan 2017-2021 (NDP),… provide
“practical implementation strategies” for
the government’s goals to achieve
economic transformation through an
“integrated approach” that links key
sectors such as Health and WASH
National Vision 2030
Government Programs:
National Health
Strategic plan 2011-
2015
National training
operational plan
National social health care
scheme
National Rural Water Supply
and Sanitation Program
An independent regulator,
National Water Supply and
Sanitation Council
(NAWASCO)
District Water, Sanitation and
Health Education Committees
(DWASHE)

15. Examples of Solutions to GRZ can Absorb into the Health & WASH Zambian Sectors
Hippo Water Roller-is
a drum that can be
rolled on the ground,
easier to carry 20kg of
water-Uganda
iCow app- harnessing power of
mobile phones for milk
production prevent inbreeding
and diseases- Kenya
THE CARDIOPAD-
A computer tablet
diagnoses heart
disease in rural
households-
Cameroon
ETHANOL COOKING OIL
PLANT- local cassava into
cooking fuel preventing
respiratory problems for
women- Mozambique
THE TUTU VAN – mobile
screening for
tuberculosis (TB) and
HIV into a general health
check-up- South Africa
ORANGE SWEET POTATO-Breeding it
to contain betacarotene, to help in
the fight against childhood
blindness.-Uganda
Source: African innovations transform continent, 2012 14

16. The Youth the Future
Leaders lets be open
minded and act out hope!
How? Lets perceive current
African challenges as
opportunities not risks to
run away from and hide.
We came to Learn and
Hence we are already Part
of the Solution.
Sustainable African Societies
by 2030 and beyond