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Project Estimation:Demystifying the Black Art
How good an estimator are you?
For the following questions… ,[object Object]
 Do not make your ranges either too wide or too narrow
 Make the range so you believe there is a 90% chance of      including the right value
What is the surface temperature of the Sun?
What is the weight of the heaviest blue whale ever recorded?
Quiz Results
We stink at estimation.
Psychology works against us.
Psychology works against us. ,[object Object]
 Protection of pride
 Influence from expectations,[object Object]
 We don’t plan accordingly
 We don’t execute correctly
 We don’t reflect properly,[object Object]
 We don’t plan accordingly
 We don’t execute correctly
 We don’t reflect properly,[object Object]
Probability of correct estimation 100%
Quiz Expectations 90%
Business Expectations 25%
Single Point Estimations > 1%
Under-estimation ,[object Object]
 Reduced chance of on-time completion
 Destructive late-project dynamics,[object Object]
 Student Syndrome,[object Object]
My Business Expectations 50% 25% 75%
We don’t like ranges
Put uncertainty into your estimation practices
The Golden Spiral
Planning Poker
Tainting estimates with customer expectations
We don’t know what  we are estimating
“Build me a house.”
Find your project’s estimation cornerstones
How Many Bedrooms? ,[object Object],   1 stall garage, small or shared yard. ,[object Object],  2 bathrooms, 2 stall garage, yard
How Many Bedrooms? ,[object Object],   defensive responses ,[object Object],   (i.e. size and complexity will fit inside details)
2 Day Crutch Method
2 Day Crutch Method ,[object Object],  of unknown or large features
2 Day Crutch Method ,[object Object],  of unknown or large features ,[object Object],   lengthy known features
2 Day Crutch Method ,[object Object],  of unknown or large features ,[object Object],   lengthy known features ,[object Object],   when something is really unknown
Modifying estimates  with “control knobs”
Psychology works against us. ,[object Object]
 We don’t plan accordingly
 We don’t execute correctly
 We don’t reflect properly,[object Object]
Estimation = Planning “Plans are worthless — but planning is everything.”  —Dwight D. Eisenhower
Psychology works against us. ,[object Object]
 We don’t plan accordingly
 We don’t execute correctly

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Project Estimation: Demystifying the Black Art

Editor's Notes

  1. 10,000 F / 6,000 C
  2. 380,000 lbs170 metric tons
  3. Budget, Timelines,
  4. What materials should we use?What is your budget?What is your time frame?What about details X,Y,Z?
  5. By asking how many “bedrooms” you should be able to make a huge amount of assumptions up until you get hit with a modification that breaks the norm. These “normality breakers” however are commonly very out in the open (nobody expects a house builder to come in on time and under budget if you neglected to mention the swimming pool and sun room, therefore it gets mentioned).How many Epics / Themes can I detect early on? (for those using user stories)How many Roles / Persona have been mentioned?How many integration points are needed?Depending on your environment, there might be a completely different set of criteria you might look at as a “bedroom”; however, I do believe that you will always be able to find at least one. The client budget and time frame is always on the forefront of the discussion; however, those are variables that [regardless of what they say] are mutable, their need for a 3 bedroom house is not.
  6. How many Epics / Themes can I detect early onHow many Roles / Persona have been mentioned?How many integration points are needed?Depending on your environment, there might be a completely different set of criteria you might look at as a “bedroom”; however, I do believe that you will always be able to find at least one. The client budget and time frame is always on the forefront of the discussion; however, those are variables that [regardless of what they say] are mutable, their need for a 3 bedroom house is not.
  7. - Estimation : Unbiased, analytical process - Planning: Biased, goal seeking activity Estimates form foundation for plans, not vice versa Hazardous to want the estimation to come out to a particular result Result: Bad estimates *and* bad plans
  8. “Plans are worthless — but planning is everything.” —Dwight D. Eisenhower
  9. - Premature commitments routinely sabotage projects [McConnell 2005]- Meaningful commitments are not possible in the wide part of the cone Effective organizations delay their commitments until they have forced the cone to narrow
  10. Hofstadter's Law: It always takes longer than you expect, even when you take into account Hofstadter's Law.
  11. progress is never linear is the first step in understanding why projects are never under budget
  12. One of the best reasons [from a management perspective] to adopt Scrum is the fact that iterations are “accountable commitments” to what the team could accomplish in a week…nobody should ever be held accountable for estimationsBeing a responsible estimator is important, but being responsible for your estimates is not. You have to build the solution, you should not also have to manage the budget. Put your estimations in ranges with probabilities and let your manager manage the costs and risks of the project.