Technical DrawingMEC1000Spring 2006Instructor David A.docx

Technical Drawing
MEC1000
Spring 2006
Instructor: David Anderson
Spring 2006 MEC1000 Technical Drawing - D. Anderson 2
Topics
• Drawing Views
• Drawing Standards
• Best Practices
• Creating Drawings in SolidWorks
Drawing Views
• Multi-View Projection - The Glass Box
• Third Angle Projection
• Two View Drawings
• Line Types
• Section Views
• Auxiliary Views
• Detail Views
• Broken-Out Section Views
• Partial Views, Cropped Views

Drawing Views – Multiview Projection
• A view of an object is know technically as a
projection
• A projection is a view conceived to be drawn or
projected on to a plane, known as the plane of
projection
• Multiview or orthographic projection is a system of
views of an object formed by projectors from the
object perpendicular to the desired plane of
projection. Huh?
Drawing Views – Multiview Projection
• The projection of an object.
• Perpendicular lines or projectors are drawn from all points
on the edges or contours of the object to the plane of
projection.
• Shown below is the projection of an object onto the
frontal plane.

Drawing Views – Planes of projection
likewise,
• the top view is projected onto
the horizontal plane
• the side view is projected onto
the profile plane
Multiview Projection – The Glass Box
• Placing parallel planes to the
principal planes forms a glass
box (always observed from
outside the box)
• To show views of a 3D object on
a 2D piece of paper, it is
necessary to unfold the planes
such that they lie in the same
plane
• All planes except the rear plane
are hinged to the frontal plane,
which is hinged to the left-side
plane

Multiview Projection – The Glass Box
• By unfolding the box, six views of the object are
possible.
Drawing Views – Third Angle Projection
Multiview Projection – Proper number of
Views
• It may not, be necessary to show all six views to
completely describe the object.
• In fact, the minimum number of views is preferable.
• How many views are necessary to completely
describe this plate?
• 1?
• 2?
• 3?
• 4?
Multiview Projection – Two View Drawings
• The answer is 2!

Drawing Views – Sectional Views
• We have covered the basic method of representing an object
by projecting
views. This allows us to see the external features of an object.
• Often times it is necessary to view the internal features, this is
accomplished by
slicing through the object and producing a sectional or section
view
Section view is always placed BEHIND arrows
Section Line
Always a phantom
line type
Object being
sectioned
View Arrow
With Label
Sectional views are extremely useful in minimizing the number
of

projected views. How many views does this object require?
Section views provide clear and unambiguous representation of
internal features
Section views can reduced the number of views of many
axisymmetric parts to a single view
Drawing Views – Auxiliary Views
• Inclined planes and oblique (neither parallel nor
perpendicular)
lines appear foreshortened when projected to the principle
planes of projection.
• To obtain a true size view, auxiliary views are created using
similar techniques as for creating standard views, unfolding
about an axis…

Drawing Views – Detail Views
When there is a great disparity between feature size, or views
are overcrowded with
dimensions, a detail view can be used to capture the feature(s)
of interest and
display them in a removed view of greater scale.
Detail View
Designated by an
Enclosed circle
and labled.
Labeled and
scale noted
Removed
And scaled
Drawing Views – Broken-Out Section
Broken-out Section views are essentially partial section views
with out the section
arrow. Often times they are used to expose a feature of interest
while eliminating
the need to create another view.
Broken out
Section – No label

necessary
What is wrong with this drawing?
The auxilary view is NOT behind
The view arrows!
Drawing Views – Partial Views
Partial views are removed views and are established in a similar
manner as section
views, that is they require view arrows to establish viewing
direction. However, they
do not have to section an entire object, rather can simply
display a partial view of a
projection at a larger scale if desired.
Partial Section Line
w/Labled Arrows
Removed partial section view
Labled and scale noted
What is wrong with this drawing?
Nothing!
Drawing Views – Cropped Views

Cropped views reduce the size of a view such that only
necessary information is
displayed. Cropped views also maximize the sheet area by
reducing view size.
Crop AreaCropped View
Drawing Standards
• ASME responsible for mechanical drawing standards
• Sheet Formats
• Line Types
• Dimensioning Rules and Schemes
Drawing Standards - ASME
• There exists standards and practices for creating technical
drawings of
mechanical parts and assemblies. The governing agency
responsible
for setting the standards is ASME. There are a number of
documents
published by ASME that cover various aspects of mechanical
drawings,
here are a few of them…
• ASME Y14.100 -2004 Engineering Drawing Practices

• ASME Y14.4M - 1989 Pictorial Drawing
• ASME Y14.3M – Multi and Sectional View Drawings
• ASME Y14.1 - 1995 Decimal Inch Drawing Sheet Size and
Format
• ASME Y14.5M – 1994 Geometric Dimensioning and
Tolerancing
• ASME Y14.13M - 1981 Mechanical Spring Representation
• It is important to follow these standards to ensure your
drawings are
interpreted correctly by others.
• Always consult the standard when it doubt!
Drawing Standards – Sheet Formats
• There exist standardized sheet formats for creating
engineering
drawings.
• American National Standard
• A - 8.5” x 11”
• B – 11” x 17”
• C – 17” x 22”
• D – 22” x 34”
• E – 34” x 44”
• International Standard ISO (mm)
• A4 – 210 x 297
• A3 – 297 x 420
• A2 – 420 x 594
• A1 – 594 x 841

• A0 – 841 x 1189
Drawing Standards – Sheet Format
Example C-Size
Revision Block
Title Block
Notes
Zone Identifiers Border
This is zone “C4”
Drawing Standards – Sheet Formats
Revision Block
Drawing
Notes
TEXT IS ALL CAPS! NO LOWER CASE.
Tolerance
Block
Company Name

Part Name
WIDGET
Default
Tolerance
Default
Surface
Finish
Engr Info
Part #
Scale Part Rev
# of Shts
Drawing Standards - Line Types
• There exist many line types here are but a few…
Visible Line
Hidden Line
Section Line
Center Line
Dim & Extension

Leaders
Cutting Plane
Viewing Plane
Center Mark
Leaders
Drawing Standards - Dimensions
• There exist a number of dimension types
• Linear
• Coordinate Dimensions
• Coordinate without dimension lines (Ordinate)
• Angular
• Radial/Diametrical
• Tabular
• Dimension Placement
Drawing Standards – Coordinate
Are these 2 drawings the same? YES!
Which one would you rather detail?

Which one would you rather make?
Drawing Standards – Coordinate
Are these 2 drawings the same? NO!
The hole-to-tolerance increases
The hole to edge tolerance is constant
The hole-to-tolerance is constant
The hole to edge tolerance increases
Drawing Standards – Ordinate
Are these 2 drawings the same? YES!
Which one would you rather detail?
Which one would you rather make?
Drawing Standards – Proper Dimension
Placement

Drawing Standards – Dimensioning Rules
1. All CAPS!
2. All Decimals
3. Select a front view that best
describes the part
4. Remove hidden lines always,
unless absolutely necessary
5. Do not duplicate dimensions
6. Do not dimension to hidden
lines
7. Place dims between views if
possible
8. No dims allowed on body of
part. Offset .38” inch from
object outline
9. Place all dims for feature in
one view if possible
10. Dim lines cannot cross dim
lines
11. Dim lines should not cross
extension lines
12. Extension lines can cross
extension lines

13. Center marks in view(s) only
where feature is dimensioned
only
14. Centerlines in view(s) where
feature is dimensioned
Drawing Standards – Bolt Holes
Poor practice,
dims should all
be horizontal
Drawing Standards – Hole Tables
Drawing Standards – Hole Callouts
Drawing Standards – Threaded Hole
Callouts

Drawing Standards – Misc Callouts
Best Practices/Basic Rules
1. All CAPS!
2. All Decimals
3. Select a front view that best describes the part
4. Remove hidden lines unless absolutely necessary to describe
the shape of the
object
5. Consider datums and dimensioning scheme based on
1. Feature relationship
2. Manufacturability and inspection
3. Reduce math for machinist
6. Do not duplicate dimensions, use reference dims if necessary
to duplicate
7. Do not dimension to hidden lines
8. Place dims between views if possible
9. No dims on body of part. Offset .38” inch from object outline
10. Place all dims for same feature in one view if possible
11. Dim lines cannot cross dim lines
12. Dim lines should not cross extension lines
13. Extension lines can cross extension lines
14. Use center marks in view(s) only where feature is
dimensioned
15. Use centerlines and center marks in views only if feature is

being dimensioned or
referenced otherwise omit.
16. When multiples of the same feature exists in a view,
dimension only one of the
features and lable the dim as “NumberX” DIM meaning that the
feature exists in
that view“Number” times. For example, “4X .250” implies that
in the view, there
exists 4 like dimensions for the dimensioned feature
17. Minimize use of centerlines between holes etc, they add
little value and clutter the
object being drawn.
SolidWorks Custom Properties
DEMO!
Technical DrawingTopicsDrawing ViewsDrawing Views –
Multiview ProjectionDrawing Views – Multiview
ProjectionDrawing Views – Planes of projectionMultiview
Projection – The Glass BoxMultiview Projection – The Glass
BoxDrawing Views – Third Angle ProjectionMultiview
Projection – Proper number of ViewsMultiview Projection –
Two View DrawingsDrawing Views – Sectional ViewsDrawing
Views – Sectional ViewsDrawing Views – Sectional
ViewsDrawing Views – Sectional ViewsDrawing Views –
Auxiliary ViewsDrawing Views – Detail ViewsDrawing Views
– Broken-Out SectionDrawing Views – Partial ViewsDrawing
Views – Cropped ViewsDrawing StandardsDrawing Standards -
ASMEDrawing Standards – Sheet FormatsDrawing Standards –

Sheet Format Example C-SizeDrawing Standards – Sheet
FormatsDrawing Standards - Line TypesDrawing Standards -
DimensionsDrawing Standards – CoordinateDrawing Standards
– CoordinateDrawing Standards – OrdinateDrawing Standards –
Proper Dimension PlacementDrawing Standards – Dimensioning
RulesDrawing Standards – Bolt HolesDrawing Standards – Hole
TablesDrawing Standards – Hole CalloutsDrawing Standards –
Threaded Hole CalloutsDrawing Standards – Misc CalloutsBest
Practices/Basic RulesSolidWorks Custom Properties
Assignment 7 – Tutorial Solidworks
Prior to constructing your device, it is highly recommended that
you finalize the device design in your logbook. The finalized
sketch of your device should represent the shape of your
assembled device, and the sub parts of your device with
appropriate dimensions. If you are confused about how to draw
a technical drawing, please refer to the
“Assignment7_TechnicalDrawing.pdf” on blackboard.
For this assignment, you don't have to go into every single
detail of your device. The goal for this assignment is to provide
you with the knowledge of real world engineering and the
design process as it relates to designing the physical shape of
your prototype.
Once you have finalized your schematic in your logbook, use
SolidWorks to construct the parts of the device. Here are a few
basic guidelines that might be helpful:
· Once SolidWorks is open, the default units will be in inches.
If you designed your device in centimeters or any other metric
unit, please change the units by going into tools > options >
document properties > units, and select the appropriate
measuring system.
· Begin sketching by clicking on the sketch option and then
selecting the most appropriate plane to sketch your device in
(top, front or side plane) and different shapes that are available
to you.
· Dimension your sketch using the smart dimension tool on

SolidWorks and make sure your sketch is completely defined,
which is indicated by a black outline of your sketch, before
proceeding to the next step.
· Click the green check mark (top right corner in the sketch
area) to exit sketch and click on the Extrude base/boss option to
create a 3D image of your sketch.
· This will generate a solid object, and there are many ways to
make your object hollow. One-way is to sketch on the solid part
and using the Extrude cut option and setting the depth of the
cut. Another option is, using the Shell option. This will also
allow your to accomplish the same task with the hassle of
generating a sketch. This option will make your whole part
hollow.
· Once done, if you want to add additional features, follow the
same instructions and sketch accordingly on your part.
· Once done with your part, in order to generate the technical
drawing for your part, first save your part and click on the new
option and select drawing.
· Now select the B landscape option and check on display sheet
format and click ok.
· Adjust your units and select view layout tab and select model
view and double click on the part. Place the object on the sheet
and then generate your appropriate views of your object (need
the front, side, top and isometric view of the object). Make sure
you have added the appropriate dimensions on your sketches by
using insert > model items > entire model (in dropdown menu)
> select all. If confused please check this video out
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpwvqZ8TJao).
· Follow the instructions above to generate your other parts and
once done click on new > assembly > browse for parts to select
the parts being assembled > select mate and orient the parts
appropriately. If confused use the following link:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=au8Vdnw-XyU. You can also
refer to “Lesson Two” on the SolidWorks Tutorial webpage.
The following instructions are basic features that can help you
construct your device. You are not limited to the use of these

features. If you know of a better way to construct the part you
wish to design, go for it. Creativity is encouraged and there are
various resources online that you could utilize in order to help
you succeed and learn SolidWorks.
BME 282 —Biomedical Product Design & Development II
Assignment 7: p.3 of 3
Your name:
Active Learning
partners:
Person on your left
Person on your right
April 16th
April 23rd
IMPORTANT NOTE: please remember that you should not
share any electronic files with classmates. This includes not
sharing the SolidWorks files or technical drawings that you will
be working on in this assignment. You can verbally ask your
classmate about how to do something, but you should not accept
or give an electronic copy of a SolidWorks file, drawing, etc.
Summary of design process:
1. In this step of the process, you will design the physical
casing for the device and test-strip layout. Using SolidWorks,
design the case for your blood glucose meter (the part users

would hold when using the device) and the test-strip that the
user will place the drop of blood on (this is where your enzyme
is).
a) Design the bottom of the case. This should include the
circuit board that includes your working electrode, resistor, op-
amp, battery, and “Arduino”-style output measurement chip
(size doesn’t have to match a real Arduino which are larger than
you need). You do not need to put those details on your circuit
board (just make it big enough) EXCEPT you need to specify
the location of your working electrode contact because it MUST
assemble correctly with the working electrode on the test strip.
Also include a position for the battery needed to power the op-
amp (look up specs for the battery you chose back in
Assignment #6 to see how big that battery is). Make sure the
position is the right size and dimensions for your battery.
[Include the “Technical Drawing” of part here – see attached
information about how to create the technical drawing for your
part]
b) Design the top of the case. This should include a location
for the LCD display to read out. It should also mate with the
bottom of the case.
part]
c) Design the test-strip. This should include the working
electrode (where your enzyme is). It should also include a
mechanism for getting the blood spread on the working
electrode properly (can be a capillary tube running from the
side, or a defined dimension opening on the top of the strip).
The test-strip needs to “assemble” properly with the rest of your
device by inserting into a hole in the case so that the working

electrode on the test-strip assembles by matching up with the
contact for the working electrode on your circuit board.
part]
d) “Assemble” these three pieces together so that the top of
the case mates with the bottom of the case and so that the
working electrode on the test strip mates with the contact for
the working electrode on the device’s circuit.
[Include the “Technical Drawing” of your final assembly here –
see attached information about how to create the technical
drawing for your assembly]
2. Make a simplified business plan for manufacturing and
selling your device.
a) Estimate the costs of each of your components required per
device (including but not limited to: resistor, op-amp, battery,
voltage sensing “arduino”, LCD display, casing material, etc)
and test-strip (including but not limited to: enzyme, cellulose
acetate, Nafion, other chemicals needed for making working
electrode, test strip backing material, etc.).
[Include list with itemized costs per measurement device
here]
[Include list with itemized costs per test-strip here]
b) Estimate the cost of capital equipment needed to make
each device or test strip. Make sure to keep in mind the total
number of users you estimate will own your device and how
many test strips they’ll need to buy per month. Scale your
equipment needs to match that production capacity. Amortize by
dividing cost of the items by 10 years to calculate an amount

per year to count against your profits. Include cost of real estate
for housing your manufacturing facility and corporate offices
here (or include in 2a if you will be renting rather than buying
the property).
[Include cost of equipment with itemized costs here]
c) Estimate the time you will need to pay workers to:
(1) manufacture a single device
(2) perform your calibration tests (each batch of test-strips
requires its own calibration)
(3) perform all quality control and regulatory documentation
(4-∞) any other labor costs you will need to pay including
marketing, legal, customer service, etc.
Multiply each by an estimate of $30/hr
[Include the annual cost of each of these items here (at $30/hr)]
d) Estimate the selling price (manufacturer’s whole-sale
price) for your device and test strips (remember the 1-3-9 rule,
which says that the retail selling price is 3 times the
manufacturer’s whole-sale price, which is 3 times the
manufacturer’s cost). Multiply by number of devices and test
strips you expect to sell each year. Add these together to get
your annual sales.
[Include the information for these items here]
e) Calculate the following:
(1) Capital required: add up all parts needed for the first year of
production, cost of all equipment (not amortized), and cost of
all labor needed for the first year of production.
(2) Annual expenses: add up all parts needed for the first year
of production, cost of all equipment (amortized), and cost of all
labor needed for the first year of production.
(3) Annual revenue: add up revenue from sales of devices and

test strips
(4) Annual profits: subtract annual expenses from annual
revenue.
[Include the information for these items here]
3. Most likely, the simplified business plan you just created
says that you will make millions of dollars in profits during
your first year in business. That never happens in the
biomedical industry. The typical biomedical start-up requires a
minimum of approximately $50,000,000 in start-up costs and a
minimum of about 5 years before ever turning a profit.
Identify as many omissions and underestimates you can find in
your above business plan. List them here with a brief (~ a
sentence) description and how much difference in your plan this
is likely to make (dollar amount difference in expense or
income).
[Include list here]
Instructions for turning in Assignment 7:
1. Upload your worksheet in either Word or PDF format to
Blackboard (due on or before 8:00 AM, Monday, April 27th)
2. At the beginning of class on April 30th: Turn in a hard copy
of the worksheet (PDF or Word format) AND a copy of the
pages in your notebook for this assignment.

Technical DrawingMEC1000Spring 2006Instructor David A.docx

Technical DrawingMEC1000Spring 2006Instructor David A.docx

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