Origin and Development of Letters

1. LETTERINGS
Mary Grace B. Anticuando

2. A B C D E F G H I
J K L M N O P Q
R
S T U V W X
Y Z 0123 456 789

3. WATCH THIS ATTENTIVELY!!

4. YEAR/AGE FORM OF WRITINGS ORIGIN
4000 B.C. Egyptians Hieroglyphics Egyptian
3250 B.C. Cuneiform Writing Sumerians
2500 B.C. Hieratic Script/Demotic
Script
Egyptian
1000 B. C. Phoenicians
Alphabet/Hieratic writing
Phoenicians
Origin and Development

5. YEAR/AGE FORM OF WRITINGS ORIGIN
700 B.C. Phoenicians
letters/Greek Letter
Greeks
200 B.C. Roman Alphabet Romans
9th Century Carolingian Letters Reign of King
Charlemagne
Origin and Development

6. Origin and Development
YEAR/AGE FORM OF WRITINGS ORIGIN
1722 Formal Script Germans
1890 Sans Serif English
1960 Automation Letter English

7. Styles of Letters
• 1. GOTHIC
– These letters have uniform width
TYPES
A. SINGLE STROKE GOTHIC-VERTICAL UPPER
CASE LETTERS AND NUMERALS
B. single stroke gothic-vertical lower case letters
and numerals
C. SINGLE STROKE GOTHIC-INCLINED UPPER
CASE LETTERS AND NUMERALS
D. Single stroke gothic-inclined lower case
letters and numerals

8. Styles of Letters
2. Roman Letters
-letters having accented strokes
made up of thick and thin elements
KINDS
a. Old Roman
b. Modern Roman
3. TEXT LETTERS
-most artistic style of letters
with thick and thin elements

9. Guidelines in Lettering
- are light lines used to keep letters
uniformly vertical and horizontal
• 4. ITALIC LETTERS
- all slanting letters
Styles of Letters

10. Kinds of Guidelines
1. Horizontal Guidelines
-used to keep letters uniform in height
2. Vertical Guidelines
- used to keep letters uniformly vertical
3. Inclined Guidelines
- used to guide the inclination of
inclined letters. 67.5 ᵒ.

11. Parts of Horizontal
Guidelines
drafting
capline
waistline
baseline
drop line

12. Order of strokes in Lettering
1st group-vertical/horizontal
– I L T F E H
2nd group-inclined/vertical/horizontal
- N A X Y Z
3rd group- curved line
- P R B U J
4th group – based on circle
- C G O Q D S
5th group- vertical/inclined
- V W M K

13. General Proportion of Letters
1. NORMAL LETTERS- space for letter is
adequate
L E T T E R S
2. COMPRESSED LETTERS- letter space is
narrower than normal
LETTERS
3. EXTENDED LETTERS- space for
lettering is very wide
L E T T E R S

14. COMPOSITION IN LETTERING
-Refers to the proper
selection, arrangement of letter
styles and sizes in the given
space.

15. Spacing of Letters
1. Mechanical Spacing-spacing are
equal but appears unequal
2. Optical Spacing- spacing are
unequal but appears equal
3. Spacing between words- spaces
between words should be equal to
greater but not more than twice
the height of letter.