The document discusses common ear diseases, types of hearing loss, and diseases that can affect the external, middle, and inner ear. It outlines four types of hearing loss: conductive, sensory, neural, and sensorineural. Specific diseases that can cause issues in the external ear include boils, swimmer's ear, and fungi. Otitis media is discussed as a disease of the middle ear that can be serous, acute, or chronic. Causes and symptoms are provided for each. Diseases of the inner ear can be congenital or acquired later in life. The document concludes with risk factors for hearing loss labeled from A to H.

1. COMMON EAR DISEASES
PREPARED BY
MARTIN SHAJI
PHARM D

2. TYPES OF HEARING LOSS
1. Conductive Hearing Loss
- hearing loss caused by diseases found in
the external or middle ear
2. Sensory Hearing Loss
- hearing loss caused by problems in the
cochlea

3. TYPES OF HEARING LOSS
3. Neural Hearing Loss
- hearing loss caused by damage to any
neural pathway that leads to the auditory
nerve then to the brain
4. Sensorineural Hearing Loss
- hearing loss arising from either problems
in the inner ear or neural pathway

4. DISEASES OF THE
EXTERNAL EAR
1. Boils
( furuncolosis or circumscribed otitis
media)
Causes:
• Poor Hygiene
• Bacterial Infection

5. Symptoms:
• Presence of pustule in the skin of the
outer ear canal
. Pain when in the ear touched
• Sometimes, there is presence of secretion
Management:
• Draining of abscess from the boil
• Administration of warm compress to
reduce pain and inflammation
. CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR!

6. DISEASES OF THE
EXTERNAL EAR
2. Swimmer’s Ear
(External Otitis or Diffused Otitis Externa)
Causes:
• Poor Hygiene
• Frequent moisture in the
ear

7. Symptoms:
• Presence of swelling in the ear canal
• Severe pain when in the ear touched
• Feeling of clogged ear canal
Presence of discharge
Management:
• Use of some topical antibiotics or soaks
• Warm compress to alleviate pain
• CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR!

8. DISEASES OF THE
EXTERNAL EAR
3. Fungi
Causes:
Improper ear hygiene
resulting in loss of the
external auditory canal’s
acidic property
• Fungal infection

9. Symptoms:
• Excessive itchiness
• Pain and discharge
Management:
• Advice patient to clean only the external
part of the ear canal with dry cotton
. If patient never had infection/discharge,
patient can be advised to put vinegar
solution in the ear.

10. DISEASES OF THE MIDDLE
EAR
Otitis Media
Causes:
• 0M develops if middle ear secretions are unable
to drain down the Eustachian tube.
• Fluid will build up and fill the middle ear

11. DISEASES OF THE MIDDLE
EAR
a. Serous Otitis Media
() Otitis Media with Effusion

12. Symptoms:
• Presence of fluid in the middle ear with ear
drum not inflamed
• Absence of fever
• Ear discomfort is minimal
• Hearing fluctuates

13. Complications:
• Conductive Hearing Loss
• Retraction of the eardrum

14. DISEASES OF THE MIDDLE
EAR
b. Acute Otitis Media

15. Symptoms:
• Inflammation of the ear drum
• Presence of pain
• Presence of foul-smelling secretions
• Accompanied with fever
• May have hearing loss

16. Complications:
• Conductive Hearing Loss
. Perforation of the eardrum

17. DISEASES OF THE MIDDLE
EAR
c. Chronic Otitis Media

18. Symptoms:
• Presence of foul smelling discharge through
the perforation in the ear drum
• Absence of pain
• May have hearing loss

19. Complications:
• Conductive Hearing Loss
• May affect auditory ossicles and large part
of the tympanic cavity
• Brain can also be affected

20. Management:
• Diy Mopping
In ALL cases of Otitis Media,
Please CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR!

21. DISEASES OF THE INNER
EAR
a. Congenital
• Rubella
• Syphilis
• Ototoxic drugs
• Hypoxia
• Jaundice
• Premature birth

22. b. Acquired
Age
• Ototoxic drugs
• Viral illnesses
• Prolonged exposure to noise
• Meniere’s Disease
• Tumor
• Head trauma
• Bacterial Meningitis

23. ABC’s of Hearing Loss
Risk Factors
A — APGAR score of less than 5 in 5 minute
B — Bacterial Infection
C — Congenital Hearing Impairment
D — Defects of the head and neck
E — Elevated bilirubin level
F — Gram weight of less than 1500 grams
H — History of NICU confinement
I — Intake of ototoxic drugs