Pass the pennies - Lean game simulation

1. Pass the pennies A simulation of a simulation showing How to achive more, by doing less Marcus Hammarberg @marcusoftnet, The Salvation Army Indonesia

2. What is needed • 4 players • (4 supervisors, can be done by the players, must have clocks) • 20 coins • A table & 4 chairs • A whiteboard or flipchart to note results on (and a pen)

3. How to run • The goal is to move all the coins through all the players (the whole process) • Each player does his work by flipping each coin over • We time • The time each player works • Start when flipping the first coin • Stop after flipping the last coin • The time it takes for the first coin to come out of the process • The total time it takes for all the coins to goes through the process

4. Our players, in the simulation • I’ve introduced some variations to keep it interesting • Beth will use one hand and make no mistakes • Cesar will use one hand and drop 1 coin per iteration • Daphne will use two hands and make no mistakes • Adam will use one hand and make no mistakes

5. A word about timing • There’s an artificial clock ticking in the left corner during the game • It ticks one tick per transition • These are my made up times for the tasks • Flip of a coin takes 1 • Move the coins to the next person take 1 • Dropping a coin takes 3 • To see clearly who’s working (as in “time ticking”) I’ve added a green square around the active players “Clock”: 00:05

6. Iteration 1 20 coin batches

7. “Clock”: 00:00

8. “Clock”: 00:01

9. “Clock”: 00:02

10. “Clock”: 00:03

11. “Clock”: 00:04

12. “Clock”: 00:05

13. “Clock”: 00:06

14. “Clock”: 00:07

15. “Clock”: 00:08

16. “Clock”: 00:09

17. “Clock”: 00:10

18. “Clock”: 00:11

19. “Clock”: 00:12

20. “Clock”: 00:13

21. “Clock”: 00:14

22. “Clock”: 00:15

23. “Clock”: 00:16

24. “Clock”: 00:17

25. “Clock”: 00:18

26. “Clock”: 00:19

27. “Clock”: 00:20

28. “Clock”: 00:21 Beth: 00:21

29. “Clock”: 00:22 Beth: 00:21

30. “Clock”: 00:23 Beth: 00:21

31. “Clock”: 00:24 Beth: 00:21

32. “Clock”: 00:25 Beth: 00:21

33. “Clock”: 00:26 Beth: 00:21

34. “Clock”: 00:27 Beth: 00:21

35. “Clock”: 00:28 Beth: 00:21

36. “Clock”: 00:29 Beth: 00:21

37. “Clock”: 00:30 Beth: 00:21

38. “Clock”: 00:31 Beth: 00:21

39. “Clock”: 00:32 Beth: 00:21

40. “Clock”: 00:33 Beth: 00:21

41. “Clock”: 00:34 Beth: 00:21

42. “Clock”: 00:35 Beth: 00:21

43. “Clock”: 00:36 Beth: 00:21

44. “Clock”: 00:37 Beth: 00:21

45. “Clock”: 00:38 Beth: 00:21

46. “Clock”: 00:39 Beth: 00:21

47. “Clock”: 00:40 Beth: 00:21

48. “Clock”: 00:41 Beth: 00:21

49. “Clock”: 00:42 Beth: 00:21

50. “Clock”: 00:43 Beth: 00:21

51. “Clock”: 00:44 Beth: 00:21

52. “Clock”: 00:45 Beth: 00:21

53. “Clock”: 00:46 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

54. “Clock”: 00:47 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

55. “Clock”: 00:48 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

56. “Clock”: 00:49 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:23

57. “Clock”: 00:50 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

58. “Clock”: 00:51 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

59. “Clock”: 00:52 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

60. “Clock”: 00:53 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

61. “Clock”: 00:54 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

62. “Clock”: 00:55 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

63. “Clock”: 00:56 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

64. “Clock”: 00:57 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24

65. “Clock”: 00:58 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24 Daphne: 00:11

86. “Clock”: 01:18 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:24 Daphne: 00:11 Adam: 00:20 First done: 01:18 All done: 01:18

87. Results Name 20 coin batch Beth 00:21 Cesar 00:24 Daphne 00:11 Adam 00:20 Time to first 01:18 Time for all 01:18

88. Notice • Only one person active at the time • The others are waiting with nothing to do • Daphne, working with two hands, is A LOT faster than the others • Cesar dropping one coin, slowed down the progress for the entire chain • Daphne had to wait her turn • The first coin was finished at the same time as the last

89. Let’s try that again! Same rules and behavior as before. But this time with 5 coin batches That’s; flip 5 coins and then pass them over

90. “Clock”: 00:00

91. “Clock”: 00:01

92. “Clock”: 00:02

93. “Clock”: 00:03

94. “Clock”: 00:04

95. “Clock”: 00:05

96. “Clock”: 00:06

97. “Clock”: 00:07

98. “Clock”: 00:08

99. “Clock”: 00:09

100. “Clock”: 00:10

101. “Clock”: 00:11

102. “Clock”: 00:12

103. “Clock”: 00:13

104. “Clock”: 00:14

105. “Clock”: 00:15

106. “Clock”: 00:16

107. “Clock”: 00:17

108. “Clock”: 00:18

109. “Clock”: 00:19

110. “Clock”: 00:20

111. “Clock”: 00:21

112. “Clock”: 00:22

113. “Clock”: 00:23 First done: 00:23

114. “Clock”: 00:24 First done: 00:23

115. “Clock”: 00:25 First done: 00:23

116. “Clock”: 00:26 Beth: 00:26 First done: 00:23

127. “Clock”: 00:37 Beth: 00:26 First done: 00:23 Cesar: 00:30

132. “Clock”: 00:42 Beth: 00:26 First done: 00:23 Cesar: 00:30 Daphne: 00:29

138. “Clock”: 00:47 Beth: 00:26 First done: 00:23 Cesar: 00:30 Daphne: 00:29 Adam: 00:29 All done: 00:47

139. Results Name 20 coin batch 5 coin batch Beth 00:21 00:26 Cesar 00:24 00:30 Daphne 00:11 00:29 Adam 00:20 00:29 Time to first 01:18 00:23 Time for all 01:18 00:47

140. Notice • Many people active at the same time • Daphne, working with two hands, doesn’t help her much • Cesar dropping one coin, slowed down the progress for the entire chain • Daphne times were MUCH worse, because she waited for Cesar • Even Adam, last in line, was affected • The last coin came in 31 ticks earlier • The first coin came in MUCH earlier (55 ticks)

141. Let’s try that again! Same rules and behavior as before. But this time with 1 coin batches That’s; flip 1 coins and then pass it over

142. “Clock”: 00:00

143. “Clock”: 00:01

144. “Clock”: 00:02

145. “Clock”: 00:03

146. “Clock”: 00:04 First done: 00:04

147. “Clock”: 00:05 First done: 00:04

148. “Clock”: 00:06 First done: 00:04

149. “Clock”: 00:07 First done: 00:04

150. “Clock”: 00:08 First done: 00:04

151. “Clock”: 00:09 First done: 00:04

152. “Clock”: 00:10 First done: 00:04

153. “Clock”: 00:11 First done: 00:04

154. “Clock”: 00:12 First done: 00:04

155. “Clock”: 00:13 First done: 00:04

156. “Clock”: 00:14 First done: 00:04

157. “Clock”: 00:15 First done: 00:04

158. “Clock”: 00:16 First done: 00:04

159. “Clock”: 00:17 First done: 00:04

160. “Clock”: 00:18 First done: 00:04

161. “Clock”: 00:19 First done: 00:04

162. “Clock”: 00:20 First done: 00:04

163. “Clock”: 00:21 First done: 00:04 Beth: 00:21

166. “Clock”: 00:24 First done: 00:04 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:23

167. “Clock”: 00:25 First done: 00:04 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:23 Daphne: 00:23

168. “Clock”: 00:26 First done: 00:04 Beth: 00:21 Cesar: 00:23 Daphne: 00:23 First done: 00:04 00:23 All done: 00:26 Adam:

169. Results Name 20 coin batch 5 coin batch 1 coin batch Beth 00:21 00:26 00:21 Cesar 00:24 00:30 00:23 Daphne 00:11 00:29 00:23 Adam 00:20 00:29 00:23 Time to first 01:18 00:23 00:04 Time for all 01:18 00:47 00:26

170. Notice • At 61% of all states EVERYONE was active, adding value, moving the coins forward • Daphne, working with two hands, doesn’t help her much this time either • Cesar dropping one coin, slowed down the progress for the entire chain • But it recovered faster and soon everyone was turning coins again • The last coin came in 52 ticks earlier than the first round • The first coin came in MUCH earlier (74 ticks)

171. Comments • Overall time goes down by doing fewer things at the same time • Time to first goes WAY down • When played with humans individual times goes up • Still not sure why this doesn’t happen here… • My simulation is probably making simplifications • In first round there was a lot of waiting • Every person waited ¾ of the total time • In last round everyone was working all the time • Every person was waiting 3-5 ticks

172. More comments • What’s different? • Same workers, coins, process and table • Only difference is number of coins per batch • Work in Process – WIP is lower • Number of slides (aka steps in the process) • 20 coin iteration: 79 slides • 5 coin iteration: 48 slides • 1 coin iteration: 26 slides

173. Thank you Marcus Hammarberg @marcusoftnet marcusoftnet@gmail.com http://bit.ly/theKanbanBook

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