1. The document discusses various types of inversion in English, where negating adverbs or phrases are placed at the beginning of a clause followed by inversion of the subject and auxiliary verb. 2. It provides examples of inversion with NO/NOT, NEVER/RARELY/SELDOM, ONLY, NO SOONER THAN, as well as inversion in conditional sentences. 3. Inversion is used to emphasize negating elements and creates a more formal style of English. The document analyzes different patterns of inversion based on the trigger word or phrase used in the clause.

1. Trong tiếng Anh,một số trạng từ, cụm trạng từ phủ định phần lớn dùng với các ngữ cảnh phủ
định.Những trạng từ, cụm trạng từ này có thể được nhấn mạnh bằng cách đặt ở đầu câu hay mệnh đề
và theo sau là sự đảo ngược động từ.Cách đảo động từ giống như cách cấu tạo câu hỏi ( trừ một số
trường hợp đặc biệt). Sau đây là những loại câu nhấn mạnh dùng đảo ngữ trong tiếng Anh.
1. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT.
No + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf).
Not any + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf).
Eg: No money shall I lend you from now on/ Not any money shall I lend you from now on.
No time will he spend reading these books./ Not any time will he spend reading these books.
Not a tear did she shed when the story ended in tragedy.
2. Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định NEVER ( không bao giờ, chưa bao giờ) , RARELY ( ít khi),
SELDOM ( hiếm khi), LITTLE ( hầu như không), HARDLY EVER ( hầu như không bao giờ)
Never
Rarely
Seldom + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf)
Little
Hardly ever
Never in mid-summer does it snow.
Never in her life has she seen such a beautiful picture.
Never in my life shall I forget the impression made on me by my first visit to Uncle Ho’s home town.
Never shall I marry such a man.
Never has there been an accident on/at this corner.
Never have there been so many people out of work in this country.
Rarely have I got mark 10 in literature.
Seldom do I listen to Rock music.
Little does she understand me.
Hardly ever does he speak in the public.
Little did he know that he was in danger.
Seldom do I miss a football match on TV.
Never do I lie to my wife.
1/ There was no precedent for the King’s resignation.
Never…before had any King resigned
2/ I write to him almost every day.
INVERSION – ĐẢO NGỮ - P1

2. Hardly……………………………………………………………………………………………………
3/ This is the first time I have seen such an interesting film.
Never……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4/ I hardly ever go to school without breakfast.
Hardly……………………………………………………………………………………………………
5/ The way so much money has been spent on so little purpose must be a record.
Never before……………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Đảo ngữ với ONLY:
Only once ( chỉ một lần)
Only later ( chỉ sau này)
Only in this way ( chỉ bằng cách này)
Only in that way ( chỉ bằng cách đó)
Only then ( chỉ khi ấy) + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf)
Only after + Noun/ V-ing/clause ( chỉ sau khi)
Only by + noun/ V-ing ( chỉ bằng cách)
Only when + clause ( chỉ khi)
Only if + clause ( chỉ nếu)
Only with + Noun ( chỉ với)
Only in + adverb of time/ place ( chỉ vào/ chỉ ở…)
Eg: Only once have I met her.
Only later did I know that I had made a serious mistake.
Only in this way shall we be successful.
Only then did I realize that I had left my passport at home.
Only after posting the letter did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.
Only after all the guests had gone home could we relax.
Only after a new pay offer did the workers call off the strike.
Only when I received his letter did I know that he was still alive.
Only when I understand her do I like her.
Only by working hard can we pass the exam.
Only if you help me shall I pass the exam.
Only with a big sum of money can you buy a house in Hanoi.
Only in April is there this kind of flower.
Only by practising English every day can you speak it fluently.
1/ We can only eradicate illiteracy in our country if we force people of all ages to attend free evening
classes.
Only by…………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. 2/ The only way you can become a good athlete is by traing hard every day.
Only by…………………………………………………………………………………………………
3/They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left.
Only after…………………………………………………………………………………………………
4/I didn’t realise who he was until later.
Only later…………………………………………………………………………………………………
5/ Alice and Charles did not decide to move to a bigger house until after the birth of their second son.
Only when………………………………………………………………………………………………
6/ If you want to save your eyesight, we must operate immediately.
Only by…………………………………………………………………………………………………
7/ It was only when I saw the photograph that I knew that he was your brother.
Only when………………………………………………………………………………………………
1. Đảo ngữ với các cụm giới từ có NO:
At no time ( chưa từng bao giờ…)
On no condition ( tuyệt đối không…)
On no account ( Với bất cứ lý do gì cũng không…) + Auxiliary
+ S + Verb ( inf)
Under/In no circumstances ( Trong bất kỳ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không…)
For no reason ( không vì lý do gì)
In no way ( không còn cách nào)
No longer ( không còn)
At no time did he know she came from a rich family.
No longer do I work for them. ( = I no longer work for them)
Under no circumstance are passengers permitted to open the doors themselves.
The outcome of the election was never in doubt.
=> At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt.
You shouldn’t phone the police under/in any circumstances.
=> Under no circumstances should you phone the police.
( = the last thing you should do is to phone the police)
You mustn’t touch the switch on any account.
=> On no account must you touch the switch.
On no condition shall we accept their proposal.
For no reason must you cheat in your exam.
For no reason must you play truant.
I am not interested in politics any loner = I am no longer interested in politics = No longer am I
interested in politics = I used to be interested in politics.

4. He never suspected that his wife was a spy.=> At no time did he suspect that his wife was a spy.
1/ He used to smoke 20 cigarettes a day.
No longer…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2/ He never suspected that she was a witch.
At no time………………………………………………………………………………………………
3/The money is not to be paid under any circumstances.
Under no circumstances…………………………………………………………………………………

5. 5. Đảo ngữ với: No sooner …. Than; Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely…. When/before ( Vừa mới ….thì…)
No sooner + Auxiliary + S + V + than + clause
Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely + Auxiliary + S + V + when/before + clause.
I had no sooner arrived home than the phone rang. => No sooner had I arrived home than the phone
rang.
I had hardly arrived home when the phone rang. => Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.
1/ He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2/She just had time to put up her umbrella before the rain came down in torrents.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
3/She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her.
Hardly……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4/ Someone rang the alarm as soon as the burglars left the building.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
5/ Tear gas was released as soon as the thieves touched the safe.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
6/ Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor fell ill.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
7.I had hardly put the phone down when the boss rang back.
Hardly……………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.She had hardly begun her performance when the light went out.
No sooner…………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Đảo ngữ với Not only……. but ….also (không những……. mà còn…..)
Not only + auxiliary + S + Verb (inf) + but ……. Also…
Eg. He is not only good at English but he can also draw very well.=> Not only is he good at English but
he can also draw very well.
Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly.
7. Đảo ngữ với SO và SUCH:
a/ Đảo ngữ với SO: So + adj/adv + Au + S + that + clause
He worked so hard that he forgot his lunch.
 So hard did he work that he forgot his lunch.
The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
 So popular is the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
1. It is so hot that you can fry an egg on the pavement.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Her grief was so great that she almost fainted.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
INVERSION – ĐẢO NGỮ - P2

6. 4. She became so suspicious that she didn’t believe whatever her husband said.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………..
5. He walked so quickly that I couldn’t keep up with him.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. He spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear him.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. He drove so carelessly that he caused twenty four accidents while he was learning to drive.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.We got home so late that it was not worth going to bed.
So…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b/ Đảo ngữ với SUCH: Such + Be + Noun + that + clause
The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
 Such is the popularity of the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
She is so beautiful that I can’t take my eyes off her.
 Such is her beauty that I can’t take my eyes off her.
Notes: Trong trường hợp Be + so much/ great  Such + be + Noun ( S)
The force of the storm was so great that trees were uprooted
Such was the force of the storm that trees were uprooted.
Her grief is so great that she almost fainted.
 Such is her grief that she almost fainted.
1. He was so intelligent that he could answer all the questions in “ Who wants to become a
millionaire?”
Such………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. She is so attractive that many boys follow her.
Such………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. The hurricane winds were so strong that no building in the town escaped damage.
Such………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.Đảo ngữ với Not until/till ( then/ later)
Not until/till + Clause + Au + S + V
Then/later/ Adv of time
He couldn’t speak until he was 8.
It was not until he was 8 that he could speak.
Not until/till he was eight could he speak.
1. I didn’t know that I had lost my key until I got home.
It was not until…………………………………………………………………………………………..
Not until…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. He forgot about the gun until he got to the police station.
Not until…………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. He didn’t return to his country until last June.
Not till……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. The editor didn’t celebrate until he got promotion in writing.
Not until…………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. I didn’t know where I was till I asked a passer-by.
Not until…………………………………………………………………………………………………
It was onlt when the office phoned me that I found out about the meeting.
Not until…………………………………………………………………………………………………
- If you should hear the fire'alarm, leave the building at once. Should you hear the fire
alarm, leave the building at once.
- If he has cheated, he will have to be punished.  Should he have cheated, he will have to
be punished.
b. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại II (type II).
* Câu có động từ "to be": If + S + were ...--> Were + S ...
Eg:
1. I f / were you, I wouldn't do that.  Were I you, I wouldn't do that.
2. If Alan were to eat breakfast, he wouldn't overeat at lunch. Were Alantoeat breakfast, he
wouldn't overeatatlunch.
9. Đảo ngữ với neither/nor và so.
Khi NEITHER/NOR đứng ở đầu một mệnh đề thì ta thực hiện đảo ngữ. NEITHER/NOR dùng
cho câu phủ định, còn SO dùng cho câu khẳng định.
Eg:
They don't like meat, and neither/nor do I. I can’t sing nor can I play any musical instruments.
I don’t like him, nor do I hate him. She can play the guitar, and so can I.
10. Đảo ngữ với NOWHERE
Nowhere + Au + S + V
You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs Jones.
Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones.
Nowhere in the world is the climate as rough as that in the North Pole.
Nowhere do I feel as comfortable as I do at home.
11. Đảo ngữ trong so sánh với as và than.
Eg:
The cake was excellent, as was the coffee, (or the coffee was)
I thought,'as did my friend, that the exam would be difficult, (or as my friend did)
Germany has more company—cars on its roads than does France, [or than France (does)]
Notes:
Ta thường dùng đảo ngữ sau AS va THAN trong ngôn ngữ viết trang trọng (formal written
language).
Không dùng đảo ngữ khi chủ ngữ là đại từ (pronoun).
Eg:
We now know a lot more about the Universe than we did ten years ago ( không dùng than did we
ten years ago)
12.Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện (Inversion in Conditional Sentences)
Trong câu điều kiện ta chỉ thực hiện đảo ngữ ở mệnh đề với If (If clause). Với mỗi loại câu điều
kiện, ta có từng cách đảo ngữ riêng.
a. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại I (type I)
If+S +(should)+V... -> Should + S + Vinfinitive ...
Eg:

8. * Câu dùng động từ thường:
If + S + Ved/irregular verb  Were + S + to Vinfinitive ....
Eg:
If he worked more slowly, he wouldn't make many mistakes.
 Were he to work more slowly, he wouldn't make many mistakes.
c. Câu điều kiện loại III (type III)
If + S + had Ved2 .... Had + S + Ved2 ....
Eg:
If they had realized the danger, they would have done it differently.
 Had they realized the danger, they would have done it differently.
Notes: V6i những câu điều kiện phủ định, khi đảo ngữ ta để NOT sau chủ ngữ.
Eg:
- If you don't believe what I say, ask your mother.  Should you not believe what I say, ask
your mother.
- If she were not shy, she would enjoy parties.  Were she not shy, she would enjoy parties.
- If/ hadn't seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
 Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
- Động từ TO BE thường được sử dụng trong dạng đảo ngữ này, ngoài ra ta còn dùng các động từ
chuyển động như” climb, come, fly,go, hang, lie, run, sit, stand…
- Thường chỉ dùng dạng đảo ngữ này khi động từ ở thì quá khứ đơn giản.
- Trong trường hợp đảo ngữ này, không sử dụng trợ động từ như trong câu hỏi mà dùng trực tiếp động
từ đặt trước chủ ngữ.
- Không thực hiện đảo ngữ khi chủ ngữ là đại từ. ( pronoun)
* Emphasizing form:
Come in, please  Do come in, please.
I went out last night  I did go out last night.
It is/ was + Emphatic part + that + clause + Verb
Shakespeare wrote Hamlet  It was Shakespeare that wrote Hamlet.
13. Đảo ngữ sau các cụm trạng từ chỉ phương hướng và vị trí: ( Inversion after adverbial phrases
of direction and place)
Khi câu bắt đầu bằng một cụm trạng từ, đặc biệt là trạng từ chỉ phương hướng và vị trí thì nội động từ
thường được đảo lên trước chủ ngữ. Cách đảo ngữ này được sử dụng đặc biệt trong văn phong trang
trọng. ( formal) hoặc văn chương ( literary)
Eg.
David began to open the three parcels. Inside the first was a dictionary from his uncle.
Above the fireplace was a portrait of Lenin.
In an armchair sat his mother.
Notes:
Eg: Không dùng : In an armchair sat she.

9. EXERCISE 1
1. Never …………..me again.
a. will she love b. she loves c. she won't loved d. she will love
2. Not only ………….but she is also very intelligent.
a. she is beautiful b. beautiful she is
c. is she beautiful d. beautiful is she
3. No sooner……….. out that it rained.
a. did I go b. I went c. had I gone d. I had gone
4. Seldom……………. the guitar.
a. he plays b. does he play c. he doesn't play d. he does play
5. Hardly…………. a word whether son came back.
a. couldn't she say b. she could say c. she couldn't say d. could she say
6. Often………… a meeting.
a. do we have b. we do have c. have we d. we have
7. Many a time ………….he wants to marry me.
a. said he b. he said c. has he said d. he has said
8. Only at weekend………….my kids to Water Park.
a. I don't take b. do I take c. I take d. I do take
9. So old………… that she couldn't dance.
a. She wasn't b. she was c. wasn't she d. was he
10. …………here yesterday, you would have met me.
a. Were you b. you were c. Had you been d. You had been
11. On the battle field…………….
a. the tanks did lie b. the tanks lay c. did the tanks lie d. lay the tanks.
12. At no time …………greater opportunities.
a. did women had b. has women had c. does women have d. have women had
13. Not once…………. into her eyes.
a. he looked b. does he looked c. did he look d. looked he
14. ……… has the work bee so easy.
a. Never b. only by c. When d. For
15. Nowhere……………. such cooperative staff.
a. you can find b. you found c. you could fmd d. can you find
16. Never before …………. in an earnest attempt to resolve their differences.
a. have the leaders of these two countries met. b. the leaders of these two countries have met.
c. have the leaders of these two countries meet. d. met the leaders of these two countries.
17. Not only the child, but also the grandparents …………….
a. is joining b. joins c. were joining d. has joined
18. Seldom……… a newspaper.
a. buys Anna b. does Anna buy c. bought Anna d. Anna does buy
INVERSION – ĐẢO NGỮ - P3

10. 19. Not only……….. at the post office, ……………at the grocery store.
a. does Mary work/but she also works b. works Mary/but she also works
c. does Mary work/but does she also work d. works Mary/but does she also work
20. No sooner…………… the house than the phone started to ring.
a. had she entered b. she had entered c. entered she d. had entered she
EXERCISE 2
1. Only by saving money………….. a house.
a. he buys b. he can buy c. can he buy d. buy she
2. Not even once……… the truth.
a. he tells b. he tell c. tells he d. has she told
3. Choose the correct inverted form.
a. Into the room came the teachers.
b. Not only lazy she is but she is naughty.
c. No sooner had he drunk a cup of coffee than he asked another.
d. A and c are correct.
4. Not only……………. beautiful but she is graceful as well.
a. did she b. she was c. is she d. she is
5. No sooner ……….than he begins to be washed.
a. is a human being born b. was a human being born
c. a human being born d. a human being had been born
6. Seldom ………..treated like that.
a. I have been b. am I c. I am d. I had been
7. Over there………… the shop that sells souvenirs.
a. is b. are c. has d. have
8. Never before……….. such a disaster.
a. they suffer b. they have suffered c. had they suffered d. they had suffered
9. Only if I had known the difference…….. the more expensive car.
a. would I bought b. I would have bought c. would I buy d. would I have
bought
10. Neither Mary nor her friends………… going to the party.
a. is b. are c. was d. a or b
11. Only once a day………. home.
a. does Mary leave b. left Mary c. Mary leaves d. will Mary left
12. Only once a day ………..home.
a. we can speak b. can we speak c. we speak d. we cannot speak
13. Many a time……..this mistake.
a. he makes b. he has made c. did he make d. will he make
14. Never……….. the exact cause of earthquakes.
a. scientists have discovered b. did scientists discover
c. do scientists discover d. have scientists discovered
15. Nowhere else………….
a. they can go b can they go c. they can't go d. can't they go

11. 16. Only when at home ………..her children.
a. does she scold b. she scolds c. has she scolded d. she has scolded
17. Not a penny……….. me.
a. did he give b. he gave c. he has given d. he has gave
18. No longer……… women bear a lot of children.
a. does b. did c. doing d. do
19. Among them ………..several sacks of white flour.
a. were b. is c. be d. are
20. On a hill in front of them……….. a great castle.
a. standing . stand c. to stand d. stood
EXERCISE 3
1."This store has such high prices."
"I agree. Never again……… here."
a. I will shop b. will I shop c. I do shop d. shop I
2. "Is this machine often in need of repair?"
"No, ………..problems to arise."
a. Seldom don't we expect b. We expect seldom
c. Seldom we expect d. Seldom do we expect
3. "I can't see the stage very well from here."
“……….”
a. Neither can't I b. Neither I can c. I can't neither d. Neither can I
4. Not until the early 1900s…………. to vote in the united States.
a. women were allowed b. were women allowed
c. they allowed women d.when women were allowed
5. Only recently……….a favourite sport in the United Stales.
a. has jogging become b. has become jogging
c. when jogging became d. as jogging has become
6. "This is one of the oldest trees in the world."
“………..such a big tree."
a. Never I have seen b. I haven't never seen
c. Never have I seen d. I have seen never
7. "What happened to jean' new car?"
"No sooner…………… it than someone ran into her."
a. had she bought b. she bought c. did she bought d. she had bought
8. "I would like to apply for the sales position you advertised"
"I'm sorry. No longer…………… applications for that position."
a. are taking we b. we are taking c. are we taking d. we taking
9. Amoebas reproduce by dividing……….
a. and other protozoans b. as do other protozonas
c. other protozoans do too d. similar other protozoans.
10. ………….a higher concentration of people than in Tokyo and Mexico City.
a. nowhere there is b. Nowhere is
c. Nowhere is there d. Nowhere there ins't
11. "Did you like your trip t Niagara Falls?"

12. "It was beautiful. Hardly ever ………..such a spectacular sight."
a. can see you b. can you see c. see you d. you can see
12. "Can children swim in this pool?"
"Yes. However, at no time…………. alone."
a. shouldn't they swim b. they should swim c. should swim they d. should they swim
13. Only during the early twentieth century…………. in the United States.
a. liquor was prohibited then b. that liquor was prohibited
c. when liquor was prohibited d. was liquor prohibited.
14. "I don't like this tossed salad very well."
"Nor………”
a. I do b. I do either c. do I d. I like it either
15. Not only ……………, but he also plays the piano and writes his won songs.
a. does Billy Joel sing b. Billy Joel sings
c. If Billy Joel sings d. what Billy Joel sings.
16. Nowhere …………..more prevalent than in warm, swampy places.
a. mosquitoes are b. mosquitoes is c. are mosquitoes d. is mosquitoes
17. Only when the ground is kept moist………… germinate.
a. grass seeds will b. will grass seeds
c. grass seeds does d. does grass seeds.
18. Not until Columbus discovered America …………..to Europe.
a. was bananas brought b. bananas were brought
c. were bananas brought d. bananas was brought.
19. Never gain …………. Greta Garbo appear in films after he retirement in the forties.
a. was b. do c. is d. did
20. Rarely …………… professional boxers remain active beyond the age thirty-five.
a. do b. did c.are d.were