(need to read all the links and need good grammar writing.I have summary and outline, can be referenced from the document) I.   INTRODUCTION to the ASSIGNMENT Institutionalized Inequalities Persists  Sociology reveals that we live in a stratified society. An individual person’s access to social resources and opportunities varies markedly depending on numerous  factors , including those  associated with their social location at the always intersecting systems of institutionalized inequalities. Class, race, ethnicity, gender, nationality, religion, and sexual orientation are important predictors of patterned outcomes at the social group level, across institutions. Examining these arenas at a macro level allows sociologists to achieve a more sophisticated grasp of their workings and the larger social structural dynamics at play. This higher level thinking is also necessary to the creation of well-informed strategies designed to create new forms of justice. Half measures are arguably problematic. As Malcom X once said, "If you stick a knife in my back nine inches and pull it out six inches, there's no progress. If you pull it all the way out that's not progress. Progress is healing the wound that the blow made" (1964, but as relevant as ever today).  People Make History  Sociology also reveals that people make history. We are historical agents who help (re)produce and (potentially) transform institutions and culture moment-to-moment throughout our days perpetually. As historical agents, we have the capacity to contribute to positive change in our daily lives. A more just and sustainable world is possible and looming. “Another world is not only possible, she is on her way. On a quiet day, I can hear her breathing." ( Arundhati Roy) Social Policy is an Excellent Avenue for Concrete and Critically Informed Social Change. Social policy is an excellent avenue for achieving social justice  because it moves human and economic resources and facilitates enacting concrete actions for concrete change. Importantly, it allocates our combined social wealth (tax dollars, human energy). We can continue to invest policy dollars and energy into war, policing, punishment, and corporate welfare--deepening the existing social relationships and macro patterns of unequal power. Another route, already underway, is to shift our resources toward policy efforts that address social inequities at their roots, and nourish healthy communities. Your readings in the final section of the class include policy platforms that you may consider models for this paper (though your proposal will necessarily be much smaller in scope, given word count limits). Other strategies for social change include but are not limited to legislation  (lawmaking by representative government or other governmental bodies),  litigation  (using the courts),  research  (the work of think tanks, universities, organizations, activists),  community organizing  (movement building; awareness-building;.

1. (need to read all the links and need good grammar writing.I
have summary and outline, can be referenced from the
document)
I. INTRODUCTION to the ASSIGNMENT
Institutionalized Inequalities Persists
Sociology reveals that we live in a stratified society. An
individual person’s access to social resources and opportunities
varies markedly depending on numerous
factors
, including those
associated with their social location at the always intersecting
systems of institutionalized inequalities. Class, race, ethnicity,
gender, nationality, religion, and sexual orientation
are important predictors of patterned outcomes at the social
group level, across institutions. Examining these arenas at a
macro level allows sociologists to achieve a more sophisticated
grasp of their workings and the larger social structural dynamics
at play. This higher level thinking is also necessary to the
creation of well-informed strategies designed to create new
forms of justice. Half measures are arguably problematic. As
Malcom X once said, "If you stick a knife in my back nine
inches and pull it out six inches, there's no progress. If you pull
it all the way out that's not progress. Progress is healing the
wound that the blow made" (1964, but as relevant as ever
today).
People Make History
Sociology also reveals that people make history. We are
historical agents who help (re)produce and (potentially)

2. transform institutions and culture moment-to-moment
throughout our days perpetually. As historical agents, we have
the capacity to contribute to positive change in our daily lives.
A more just and sustainable world is possible and looming.
“Another world is not only possible, she is on her way. On a
quiet day, I can hear her breathing." (
Arundhati Roy)
Social Policy is an Excellent Avenue for Concrete and Critically
Informed Social Change.
Social policy is an excellent avenue for achieving social justice
because it moves human and economic resources and facilitates
enacting concrete actions for concrete change. Importantly, it
allocates our combined social wealth (tax dollars, human
energy). We can continue to invest policy dollars and energy
into war, policing, punishment, and corporate welfare--
deepening the existing social relationships and macro patterns
of unequal power. Another route, already underway, is to shift
our resources toward policy efforts that address social
inequities at their roots, and nourish healthy communities. Your
readings in the final section of the class include policy
platforms that you may consider models for this paper (though
your proposal will necessarily be much smaller in scope, given
word count limits).
Other strategies for social change include but are not limited to
legislation
(lawmaking by representative government or other
governmental bodies),
litigation
(using the courts),
research
(the work of think tanks, universities, organizations, activists),

3. community organizing
(movement building; awareness-building; mobilization; protest;
cultural, solidarity, mutual aid work;
art and music
(immensely important in social movements and social change),
and
educating ourselves and others on histories and contemporary
realities of racism from a critical race perspective
(note: education, even critical education, is not enough, but it is
an essential ingredient to transforming institutions). Any of
above strategies can be driven by social policy. Social change is
created and facilitated by people; we are the ones who can build
a more just and peaceful future.
The readings in weeks 15 and 16 provide critically informed and
carefully conceived and articulated policy proposals for social
change.
As Angela Y. Davis boldly said, “You have act as if it were
possible to radically transform the world. And you have to do it
all the time." The Latin root of the word radical is "rad"—for
“root.” Radical change, for Davis and many theorists of change,
means addressing social problems at their deepest roots. Mass
incarceration is an example of why we need to deepen and shift
our thinking and responding to social problems from treating
symptoms to long-term prevention and institutional
transformation. We can see that broken windows policing and
mass incarceration are bandages for many of our most deeply
entrenched injustices of race and class, bandages that often
(re)entrench racial injustices. Official responses to criminalized
behaviors make members of certain racialized or otherwise
historically marginalized groups vulnerable to devastating
patterns of overpolicing and overincarceration, yet our
governments continue to use them as a frontline response to
vast arenas of conduct that have been criminalized in
specifically racialized, gendered, and classed forms. To
eliminate injustice, we will need to develop long-term,

4. multigenerational strategies that address racial and other
inequities in our institutions at their roots. With a critical
understanding of the issues and the vision it creates, we could
imagine policies and other community efforts that fulfill human
needs and promote healing, justice, and flourishing communities
long-term. For the purposes of this paper, I recommend that you
put aside concerns of what would easily pass through
electorates, legislatures, and courts and imagine and document
policy ideas you think might actually help move us toward a
more just future.
II.
INSTRUCTIONS and MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
Be up to date on the course readings from Section II of the
course (See the Course Schedule in the printable syllabus):
Your essay requires you to select a minimum of 4 reading
selections that substantiate your proposal for change. Your
selections should include work with:
two of the three assigned policy platforms from the Week 15
and Week 16 Modules.
chapter 21 from OpenStax
One other reading from Section II of the course--either the third
policy platform or an OpenStax chapter assigned after the
Midterm due date. See the printable syllabus for the course
schedule/reading list.
Read this entire document to frame and direct your essay

5. writing. Come back to it often as you write to ensure your essay
meets expectations.
Choose a social justice issue currently affecting members of a
social group or groups in your community or beyond.
It can be any social issue or case of injustice or discrimination
based on social group membership.
Write: Construct and defend a hypothetical social policy effort
in response.
Here is where the major writing and thinking comes in! Your
proposed social change effort should:
Introduce your topic and establish its importance (your Intro)
Clearly articulate each aspect of your policy plan.
Plan features will depend on your vision and the type of effort
but should include a problem or vision statement (brief!) and
concrete steps your plan will involve. The plan should be
narrow enough in scope to allow you to describe and discuss it
in the few pages allotted for the assignment. Be specific. Use
our policy readings from Mijente, the Movement for Black
Lives, and the Women's March as examples to inform your
selection and presentation of policy changes.
Defend the choices in the plan throughout the essay, using
evidence from course content
—especially readings, but also discussions comments, films,
and instructor comments. Dig deeply into course sources to
substantiate your choices throughout the essay. If your proposal
is inconsistent with arguments by other authors in Section II of
the class, your proposal should engage with or counter those
authors explicitly.

6. Ground your plan in long-term vision
and a critical grasp and the institutionalized and historical
nature of social problems.Remember that service provision is
important but will not necessarily address social problems at
their roots.
Analyze at the institutional level
To understand social problems sociologically, we need to assess
them in historical and institutional contexts—especially macro-
level relationships of power. Be sure to maintain a critical focus
on large-scale social forces like institutionalized racism, class
inequality, cis-hetero-sexism, or other major axes of power, as
you devise and justify your plan.
UPLOAD YOUR ESSAY In the following format by 12/13 at
11:59m:
1000 words in length, minimum.
edited and revised for clarity, conciseness, organization, and
rigor in responding directly to the prompt.
written and edited to avoid plagiarism:
Click here for very important guidelines on academic integrity.
deeply engaged with the texts and other course sources. The
essay must engage with and cite:
at least four separate required course readings
from the Section II of the course (two of which must be policy
platforms from weeks 15 and 16, one of which must be

7. OpenStax Chapter 21
at least two other sources
—discussion comments, film, or instructor comments from the
Section II of the course
This assignment is geared toward assessing the degree to which
you have mastered course sources
. I highly recommend focusing on in-class sources.
No need to use outside sources here
, and doing so will take up precious time you need for synthesis
and analysis of texts.
Your references to these sources should involve in-depth
engagement and show a comprehensive grasp of them.
Try to go beyond in-passing mentions that do not delve beneath
the surface, and instead dig deeply into sources.
Please BOLD *and* NUMBER all citations to make them easy
for your instructor to find while reviewing hundreds of papers
this finals week (R1 through R4+ (for readings]), F1+ (for
film), D1+ (for discussions); I1 (for Instructor comments).
Thank you!
III.
Other Key Information
Straying from these instructions and minimum requirements

8. could profoundly affect your grade or result in not passing the
assignment.
Starting early will give you time to develop your ideas and
refine the writing, analysis, and presentation. I recommend
starting now and revising drafts for optimal results. You may
drop in to Laney's Writing Center for drop-in tutoring anytime.
DO NOT HESITATE TO CONTACT ME WITH QUESTIONS
OR CONCERNS ABOUT THIS ESSAY!
Rubric
Policy Essay Rubric
Policy Essay RubricCriteriaRatingsPtsThis criterion is linked to
a Learning OutcomeConstructs a policy plan, aimed at
institutional change, grounded in long-term vision60.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeDefends the
policy plan using evidence from course content60.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeMeets citation
and word minimum expectationsWriting achieves clarity,
conciseness, and strong vocabulary, grammar, voice55.0 pts
Total Points: 175.0
at least four separate required course readings
from the Section II of the course (two of which must be policy
platforms from weeks 15 and 16, one of which must be
OpenStax Chapter 21:
https://mijente.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Mijente-

9. Immigration-Policy-Platform_0628.pdf
http://www.womensmarch.org/wp-
content/uploads/2019/01/WM_Portrait_JAN17_2019_web.pdf
https://policy.m4bl.org/political-power/
https://policy.m4bl.org/invest-divest/
https://policy.m4bl.org/platform/
https://cnx.org/contents/
[email protected]
:
[email protected]
/Introduction-to-Social-Movements-and-Social-Change
https://cnx.org/contents/
[email protected]
:
[email protected]
/Collective-Behavior
https://cnx.org/contents/
[email protected]
:
[email protected]
/Social-Movements

10. https://cnx.org/contents/
[email protected]
:
[email protected]
/Social-Change