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慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者肺中的基因表达调节
作者: Roberta Minotti and Philip Zimmermann 等@GENEVESTIGATOR
说明:在这个例子中,我们在慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者的肺组织中搜索特异性上
调的基因。 使用 GENEVESTIGATOR,鉴定了与 COPD 相关的候选基因(在吸烟者群
体中),其中一些已知与疾病的发作相关。随后在小鼠数据集中确认来自人平台的结果。
方法:
结果:
发现一:top50 特异性表达转录本鉴定
在吸烟 COPD 患者的小气道上皮细胞(SAEC, small airway epithelial cell)中最特异性
上调的转录物的鉴定。纵轴为 Genevestigator 所收集的所有 Perturbations 实验条件
开启验证分析
点击CONDITION SEARCH toolset 中的Perturbations tool 按钮
特异性基因的跨物种验证
Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array platform (a compendium of 6,873 samples)
基因可能涉及的其他疾病
点击CONDITION SEARCH toolset 中的Perturbations tool 按钮
点击SIMILARITY SEARCH toolset 中的Hierarchical Clustering tool按钮
定义COPD 特异基因寻找个数
限制为50个基因
扣除背景,即需要排除的实验条件
以all the other perturbations as "base" (default setting)为 base
在软件中定义研究对象 COPD
以comparing COPD vs. normal small airway epithelial cell samples 为target
开启分析
点击GENE SEARCH toolset 中的Perturbations tool 按钮
收集样本
49,191 samples profiled on the Affymetrix Human 133 Plus 2 platform
(比如药物,环境,疾病等干扰条件),以 comparing COPD vs. normal small airway
epithelial cell samples 为 target,横轴为 target top50 条件特异表达基因。
从确定的前 50 个上调基因中,几个先前已经与 COPD 和/或吸烟相关联,例如:
UCHL1: ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 (ubiquitin thiolesterase) (Carolan GJ et al., 2006)
AKR1B10: also-keto reductase 1, member B10 (Pastor MD et al., 2013) MUC5AC: mucin 5AC (Caramori
G et al., 2004)
CYP1B1: cytochrome P450, family 1 subfamily B, polypeptide 1 (Kaur-Knudsen D et al., 2012)
相比之下,在该分析中鉴定的一些基因尚未与疾病的发作相关,因此是用于研究 COPD
的新的候选基因。
发现二:COPD 特异性表达基因还受哪些因素影响
通过条件搜索,找到了 45 个扰动条件涉及 top50 COPD 基因差异表达。再对这 45 个扰
动条件与 top50 基因进行聚类。
观察到大多数 COPD 相关基因在暴露于香烟烟雾的健康个体中被上调(矩阵下方
红色条件簇),并且这些基因中的一些也可能参与其它疾病例如乳腺癌或肾癌。蓝
色标记的基因簇代表涉及乳腺癌的基因(下调)。黄色标记的基因簇代表在肾癌上
调的基因。紫色标记的基因簇代表对除了 COPD 或吸烟以外的任何扰动没有反应
的基因。
发现三:跨物种验证
鉴定为 COPD /吸烟特异性基因中的许多基因的功能仍是未知的。为了验证这些假定的
生物标志物,动物模型会有帮助。在小鼠 COPD 动物模型中证实这些基因与人类发现
的基因很大一部分是一致的。分析的基因在吸烟条件(红框)下上调。有趣的是,这种
病理学特征可以在戒烟或气溶胶烟雾替代(蓝框)时被抵消。
讨论:
通过以上的分析发现,使用 GENEVESTIGATOR,我们可以轻松地从 3634 个实验调节
中筛选出候选生物标志物以及用于感兴趣的治疗区域的潜在新靶标(发现一),可以找
到标志物的其他疾病或病症(发现二),允许在其他生物体(如小鼠)中轻松确认我们
的结果(发现三)。
延申阅读:
Carolan BJ, Heguy A, Harvey BG, Leopold PL, Ferris B, Crystal RG (2006) Up-regulation of expression of the ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal
hydrolase L1 gene in human airway epithelium of cigarette smokers.Cancer Res. 2006 Nov 15;66(22):10729-40.
Pastor MD, Nogal A, Molina-Pinelo S, Meléndez R, Salinas A, González De la Peña M, Martín-Juan J, Corral J, García-Carbonero R, Carnero A,
Paz-Ares L. (2013) Identification of proteomic signatures associated with lung cancer and COPD. . J Proteomics. 2013 Aug 26;89:227-37.
Caramori G, Di Gregorio C, Carlstedt I, Casolari P, Guzzinati I, Adcock IM, Barnes PJ, Ciaccia A, Cavallesco G, Chung KF, Papi A. (2004) Mucin
expression in peripheral airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Histopathology. 2004 Nov;45(5):477-84.
Kaur-Knudsen D, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG. (2012) Cytochrome P450 1B1 and 2C9 genotypes and risk of ischemic vascular disease,
cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2012 Jul;10(4):512-20.
Hruz T, Laule O, Szabo G, Wessendorp F, Bleuler S, Oertle L, Widmayer P, Gruissem W and P Zimmermann (2008) Genevestigator V3: a
reference expression database for the meta-analysis of transcriptomes.Advances in Bioinformatics 2008, 420747

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基因表达调节-Genevestigator