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Citations: 
Whatcha Gonna Do?
The Guidelines 
• According to the Writing Guidelines, “Citations are 
required for any numbers, stats, or hard-to-find 
information.” 
• A citation should directly support the number, stat, 
or information it is attached to. 
• Here are some examples.
Numbers 
• Reports show that 2 gazillion traffic 
citations were issued last year alone. 
• Beginning May 32, 2015, all citation 
paper used by law enforcement 
officers will be pink. 
• After 3.6 citations, you and your 
favorite pet will be thrown in jail.
Stats 
• 9 out of 7 cops recommend that 
you drive no faster than they do. 
• It is estimated that 14% of 
citations are given.
Hard-to-find information 
• Cops who eat at least one donut a 
day are less likely to give 
undeserved citations to drivers, 
reputable reports say. 
• Sprinkled donuts are directly 
related to elevated friendliness 
levels in police officers. 
• According to experts, watching 
“Cops” may or may not make you 
a better criminal.
Direct quotes 
• Citations are also required for 
direct quotes. Include the author 
of the quote and a link to the 
quote. 
• “Good afternoon, sir.” 
-Cop 
• “Have a nice day.” 
-Police people 
• “Hide your kids, hide your wife” 
-Antoine Dodson 
• Quotes that are so well known 
that they are often quoted in 
speech (Example: “To be or not 
to be.”) are exceptions.
A citation is not needed in the 
following… 
• “The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776.” 
• This is common knowledge and is easy to find. 
• “Add 1/3 Tbsp. of flour.” 
• Though this includes a number, the instruction is subjective. 
Every recipe is different. 
• “The average cost of replacing your shingle roof is $12,000." 
• This is easy to find in a quick search and is not an exact 
number. 
• “A gallon of milk costs around $3.” 
• Again, this is common knowledge and is easy to find.
Ask yourself: 
• Is it easily verifiable? 
• If not, it needs a citation. 
• Is it believable? 
• If it would make readers 
question, it’s best to include a 
citation. 
• Does it need a citation to 
protect the client’s interests 
and reputation? 
• Again, anything questionable 
needs a citation. 
s
Remember… 
• You can link to sources just to provide the reader with 
extra information. 
• Example: “Never give a cop a donut in an attempt to get out of 
a citation.” 
(real link!) 
• But! Do not require the reader to click on a link in order 
to understand the rest of the article. 
(Another real link!) 
• Example: “It’s important to understand what a doughnut is. 
Now that you know, reward yourself with a donut hole and 
keep reading.”
We don’t accept links to… 
(Warning: These links are all legit. Almost too legit.) 
• Product pages 
• Pictures/Images 
• UNLESS they are purely 
supplementary. In other 
words, the article does a 
great job of explaining X 
concept, and Y picture is 
just included as a bonus. 
• Example: “Donuts are 
small fried cakes of 
sweetened dough, typically 
shaped into a ring.” 
• Searches
And then there were some jokes. 
‘Cause jokes are funny.
And a link to Jeremy’s post 
about sources… 
• Because it gives great tips on how to cite sources 
and talks about some of the best sources to cite. The 
examples in the slideshow were fun and all, but this 
article gives some great, real-life examples. Check it 
out here! 
(I almost didn’t make this link real…but that would be mean. So this one’s real too!)

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Revised Citations presentation for writers

  • 2. The Guidelines • According to the Writing Guidelines, “Citations are required for any numbers, stats, or hard-to-find information.” • A citation should directly support the number, stat, or information it is attached to. • Here are some examples.
  • 3. Numbers • Reports show that 2 gazillion traffic citations were issued last year alone. • Beginning May 32, 2015, all citation paper used by law enforcement officers will be pink. • After 3.6 citations, you and your favorite pet will be thrown in jail.
  • 4. Stats • 9 out of 7 cops recommend that you drive no faster than they do. • It is estimated that 14% of citations are given.
  • 5. Hard-to-find information • Cops who eat at least one donut a day are less likely to give undeserved citations to drivers, reputable reports say. • Sprinkled donuts are directly related to elevated friendliness levels in police officers. • According to experts, watching “Cops” may or may not make you a better criminal.
  • 6. Direct quotes • Citations are also required for direct quotes. Include the author of the quote and a link to the quote. • “Good afternoon, sir.” -Cop • “Have a nice day.” -Police people • “Hide your kids, hide your wife” -Antoine Dodson • Quotes that are so well known that they are often quoted in speech (Example: “To be or not to be.”) are exceptions.
  • 7. A citation is not needed in the following… • “The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776.” • This is common knowledge and is easy to find. • “Add 1/3 Tbsp. of flour.” • Though this includes a number, the instruction is subjective. Every recipe is different. • “The average cost of replacing your shingle roof is $12,000." • This is easy to find in a quick search and is not an exact number. • “A gallon of milk costs around $3.” • Again, this is common knowledge and is easy to find.
  • 8. Ask yourself: • Is it easily verifiable? • If not, it needs a citation. • Is it believable? • If it would make readers question, it’s best to include a citation. • Does it need a citation to protect the client’s interests and reputation? • Again, anything questionable needs a citation. s
  • 9. Remember… • You can link to sources just to provide the reader with extra information. • Example: “Never give a cop a donut in an attempt to get out of a citation.” (real link!) • But! Do not require the reader to click on a link in order to understand the rest of the article. (Another real link!) • Example: “It’s important to understand what a doughnut is. Now that you know, reward yourself with a donut hole and keep reading.”
  • 10. We don’t accept links to… (Warning: These links are all legit. Almost too legit.) • Product pages • Pictures/Images • UNLESS they are purely supplementary. In other words, the article does a great job of explaining X concept, and Y picture is just included as a bonus. • Example: “Donuts are small fried cakes of sweetened dough, typically shaped into a ring.” • Searches
  • 11. And then there were some jokes. ‘Cause jokes are funny.
  • 12. And a link to Jeremy’s post about sources… • Because it gives great tips on how to cite sources and talks about some of the best sources to cite. The examples in the slideshow were fun and all, but this article gives some great, real-life examples. Check it out here! (I almost didn’t make this link real…but that would be mean. So this one’s real too!)