1. Mongol Threat to princes in Moscow:
The princes of southern and eastern Russia had to pay
tribute to the Mongols of the Golden Horde, but in return
they received charters authorizing them to act as deputies
to the Khans. In general, the princes were allowed
considerable freedom to rule as they wished.

2. Golden Horde:
The Golden Horde was the Mongol army that swept over
eastern Europe in the 13th century and established a
suzerain in Russia. The Golden Horde was made out of
Mongolians and numerous Turkic peoples that Batu had
enlisted after conquering them. Bulgaria was absorbed by
the Golden Horde and its population evolved into the
modern Chuvashes and Kazan Tatars.

3. Tartars:
Tartars were the Mongols of the Golden
Horde. There were also groups of tartars:
Siberian Tatars, Volga Tatars, and Lipka
Tatars.