1. Citation Options LAD
Verbs and verb phrases you can use when
paraphrasing:
Rivera (1999) found that students… (p. 89).
Luzardo (2000) has found that students… (p. 24).
LOOK FOR US
Barat Norte 223 (BN 223)
787-728-1515 ext. 2294
English
Rodríguez (1992) explained that students… (p. 113).
HOURS
Mondays – Thursdays
More verbs you can use:
8:00 a.m. – 8:00 p.m.
suggested
argued
stated
Fridays 8:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.
Citations
American
WEB
pointed out
found
indicated http://www.sagrado.edu/lad/
Psychological
http://www.facebook.com/clcsagrado
Association
Other citation options:
BLOG
http://languagecenterusc.wordpress.com
According to Morales (2000)… (p. 56).
As stated by Guzmán (1990)… (p. 67). Quick Guide
In 1996, Morales explained that… (p. 34). E-MAIL
In a recent study, Díaz (1998 ) indicated that… (p. 36). lad@sagrado.edu
Research by Wagner and Smith (2008) demonstrated
that… (p. 45).
Gómez, Rivera, and Smith (1998) argued that… (p. 34). LAD is an innovative, educational program of the
(up to five authors) University of the Sacred Heart. Its objective is to
Gómez, et al. (2004) found that… (p. 176). (More than
promote effective oral and written skills so that
five authors).
participating students may perform successfully
in their academic and professional careers.
Our Mission
To promote effective oral and written skills by
using real life situations within the context of
various disciplines.
Our Mission is
Your Challenge

2. DO NOT CITE WIKIPEDIA
What is APA Style? Citations “Students shouldn't
even be tempted to use
Here are four ways which you may integrate the Wikipedia as an original
source.”
When professors ask you to write in APA Style, sources you read into your work:
they are referring to the editorial style that many Use quotation
1
marks when you Jim Redmond, Wikipedia
social and behavioral sciences use to format Administrator and Editor
Author Mentioned in Text: copy exact words
written material. APA Style was first developed in (2007) © Wikimedia Foundation, Inc
1929 by a group of social scientists who wished
“
4
to establish standards of communication. Since Miller (2000) complained that executives adopt a
”
that time, it has been used by writers around the one-size-fits-all knowledge strategy (p. 2).
world.
Paraphrasing is your own version of essential
information and ideas expressed by someone else.
American Two Authors:
Psychological
Association Palloff and Pratt (2000) stated that
“
instructors
often establish guidelines for minimum participation
”
Important:
 Changing a few words to synonyms or changing
(p. 31).
the word order is not paraphrasing. You must write
APA Style establishes standards of written
communication for: the information in your own words.
2“
 When paraphrasing, make sure that your version
Author in Parenthesis:
 writing style accurately expresses the information in a new
 citing references Executives adopt a one-size-fits-all knowledge form.
 manuscripts for publication
You can find this information and free tutorials at:
”
strategy (Miller, 2000, p. 2).
Author, year of
 Paraphrased material must include the appropriate
citation. Example: (Pérez, 2010, p.3)
Two Authors: publication, page#
www.apastyle.org  Use quotation marks (“ ”) to identify unique terms
“
There are no fixed rules but, instructors often or sentences you have copied exactly from the
When writing essays and research papers you
need to cite, or make reference to the sources
establish guidelines for minimum participation
(Palloff & Pratt, 2000, p. 31). ” source.
 You also need to include all your sources on the
Reference page. Example: Santana, M. (2008).
that you read. These may be books, journals, or
3
Internet sources, among others. Biology. New York: International Press.
Internet Webpage:
Known Author: Paraphrasing example: Manatees web page
Cite an electronic document the same as any other
document. Example: Rivera (2000) said... Text: The gentle beasts are often accidentally hit by
motorboats in ever more crowded waters, and
Always use the past tense when citing No Author: Use the first words of the title in sometimes become entangled in fishing nets.
in your essays. E.g., Smith (2005) found parentheses. Example: “Like our solar system, the
or Rivera (1998) analyzed…. planets around Gliese 581 have nearly circular
Paraphrase: The water that is their home can also
orbits” ("Newly Discovered Planet,” 2010).
bring danger: such as motorboats and fishing nets
n.d. = No date. (“National Geographic,” n.d.).
No Date: (“Newly Discovered Planet,” n.d.) More information: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/
Remember:
 Copy and pasting information from the Internet or any other source without proper citations is considered plagiarism.
 Use quotation marks (“…”) when copying exact words from a source in your work and include the name/s of the author/s.
 Include the references that you used in your composition on the Reference page.