in this ppt physiologyand diet therapy was explanied

1. Kusuma Neela Bolla M.Sc, M.B.A
Dept. Appiled Nutrition

3. Anemia is a major killer in India.
Statistics reveal that every second Indian woman is anemic
One in every five maternal deaths is directly due to anemia.
Anemia affects both adults and children of both sexes, although pregnant
women and adolescent girls are most susceptible and most affected by this
disease.
As per National Family Health Survey, more than half of women in India
(55%) have anemia, including 39% with mid anemia, 15% with moderate
anemia, 2% were severe anemic.
Nearly 50-80% of Indian mothers are iron deficiency.
Young children 40-50%
Non pregnant women’s 35%

4. Definition
 defined as a decrease in the
amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or
the amount of hemoglobin in the
blood.
 It can also be defined as a lowered
ability of the blood to carry
oxygen.

5.  There are more than 400 types of Anemia currently known
Based on clinical picture-
 Iron deficiency anemia.
 Megaloblastic anemia.
 Pernicious anemia.
 Hemorrhagic anemia.
 Hemolytic anemia.
-Thalassemia anemia
-Sickle cell anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Hematocrit Anemia
Types

7. Causes
 Blood loss
 Decreased production or production
of faulty red blood cells.
 The destruction (breakdown) of red blood
cells.

8. Symptoms of anemia
 The most common symptom of anemia, regardless of type, is a feeling
of fatigue and a lack of energy. Other common symptoms of anemia may
include:
 Paleness of skin
 Fast or irregular heartbeat
 Shortness of breath
 Chest pain
 Headache
 Light-headedness
In mild cases of anemia, individuals have little to no symptoms. Some forms of
anemia can have specific symptoms unique to their type:
 Aplastic anemia - fever, frequent infections, and skin rashes
 Folic acid deficiency anemia - irritability, diarrhea, and a smooth tongue
 Hemolytic anemia - jaundice, dark colored urine, fever, and abdominal pains
 Sickle cell anemia - painful swelling of the feet and hands, fatigue, and jaundice

9. signs

11. Normal range:
 Birth: 13.5 to 24.0 g/dl (mean 16.5 g/dl)
 Age <1 month: 10.0 to 20.0 g/dl (mean 13.9 g/dl)
 Age 1-2 months: 10.0 to 18.0 g/dl (mean 11.2 g/dl)
 Age 2-6 months: 9.5 to 14.0 g/dl (mean 12.6 g/dl)
 Age 0.5 to 2 years: 10.5 to 13.5 g/dl (mean 12.0 g/dl)
 Age 2 to 6 years: 11.5 to 13.5 g/dl (mean 12.5 g/dl)
 Age 6-12 years: 11.5 to 15.5 g/dl (mean 13.5)
 Female
 Age 12-18 years: 12.0 to 16.0 g/dl (mean 14.0 g/dl)
 Age >18 years: 12.1 to 15.1 g/dl (mean 14.0 g/dl)
 Male
 Age 12-18 years: 13.0 to 16.0 g/dl (mean 14.5 g/dl)
 Age >18 years: 13.6 to 17.7 g/dl (mean 15.5 g/dl)

12. Diagnosis
Hemoglobin test
 Hemoglobin levels
 Hematocrit
 Mean corpuscular
hemoglobin
Severity of Anemia
Mild 9.5-13.0g/dl
Moderate 8-9.5g/dl
Sever > 8.0g/dl

14. Diet Therapy - IRON
 This mineral plays a key role in the blood’s
distribution of Oxygen to the body. A serious shortage
of iron- iron deficiency anemia. Produce fatigue,
impaired immunity.
 Iron is found in red meat, poultry, fish, egg yolks,
legumes, nuts, dried fruits, leafy greens and foods
such as fortified breakfast cereals bread and pasta.
 There are 2 types of iron foods
Haem iron, Non Haem iron.

18. A balanced
Food pyramid

19. Be Physically Active
Intentional exercise
Walking
Running
Cycling
Swimming
Active lifestyle
 Take the stairs
Walk to work
Sit less, move more