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Historical Comparative Acoustics and Prosodic Reanalysis: The Case of Tibetan Prosodic Typology: State of the Art and Future Prospects February 24-26, 2010 Berlin, German Nancy J. Caplow University of North Texas [email_address]

Phonological classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dialect variation and classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Comparing monosyllabic words ‘ arrow’ mda′ ‘ horse’ rta ‘ fire’ me / myi ‘ medicine’ sman Archaic Dialects Innovative Dialects Nda ɕta Nda xta ta̱ tā me sman nyi ʰmɛn me̱ mē

What are archaic dialects? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Correspondence with WT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Correspondences with WT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Correspondences with WT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Note: tonal [ ʈʰ ] + L < WT gr , dr , and sbr cold  grang.mo [ gra χ .'mo ] [ ʈʰa̱ŋ.mo ]

Correspondences with WT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Note: tonal [ l ] + H < WT rl , gl , bl, sl flute  gl ing.bu [ χ lɛm.'bu ] [ lɪ̄ŋ.bū ]

Characteristics of Proto-Tibetan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Geographic distribution is intriguing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

after Tournadre and Dorje 2003 Rebkong Amdo Balti Tokpe Gola

The similarity of the peripheral dialects ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Previous accounts of genesis of tone ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Universal physiological correlations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Implications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Summarization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Tone in Disyllabic Non-Verbs willow tree lcang.ma bridge zam.pa brain klad.pa Balti (West) Amdo (East) ɬtʃa χ .'ma tʃāŋ.mā Tokpe Gola (Central) xtʃaŋ.'ma zam.'pa sa̱m.pā sam.'pa xlat.'pa lɛ̄t.tā ᵊ lai.'pa nak.'po sar.'pʰa na̱k.pū sām.pā nox.' χ u sʰo.'ma black nag.po new gsar.pa

σ 2 always high in Tokpe Gola loose, floppy flat young, young person fire arrow gun, rifle leg, foot arm, hand limbs (legs and arms) lhug.lhug leb.leb gzhon.gzhon me mda′ me. mda′ rkang.pa lag.pa rkang.lag HH LH LH L L LH HH LH HH

Tone vs. Stress in Disyllabic Non-Verbs willow tree lcang.ma bridge zam.pa brain klad.pa black nag.po new gsar.pa Balti (West) Amdo (East) ɬtʃa χ .'ma tʃāŋ.mā Tokpe Gola (Central) xtʃaŋ.'ma zam.'pa sa̱m.pā sam.'pa xlat.'pa lɛ̄t.tā ᵊ lai.'pa nak.'po sar.'pʰa na̱k.pū sām.pā nox.' χ u sʰo.'ma

Stress reported for Balti ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Stress reported for Amdo ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Stress reported for Amdo ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Minimal pairs for stress in Balti N V N V N V A V brain to be tired rope to grind bread to carry rare to clothe xlat.'pa 'xlat. pa tʰak.'pa 'tʰak. pa kʰur.'pa 'kʰur. pa ʂkøn.'mo 'skøn.ma

Borrowed nouns in Balti hotel teacher school film hospital ho.'ʈɨl ʈi.'tʃɚ su.'kul ɸi.'lim hɑs.pɨ.'ʈal

Disyllabic words in Amdo willow tree star shooting star new flat N + verbalizer: (to) snow (to) answer (to) shoot an arrow lcang.ma skar.ma skar.zla leb.leb gangs.babs lan.gyab mda′.phen

Stress patterns in Proto-Tibetan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Taking this a step further… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Amdo ‘willow tree’ σ 2 slope = -33 Hz / 100msec

Pitch findings – Balti Non-verbs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pitch findings – Rebkong Non-verbs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pitch slope contrasts for speaker AR_05 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

F0 findings (pitch & pitch slope) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

F0 as a correlate of stress in Proto-Tibetan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Considering intensity… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Intensity does not convey stress in PT ,[object Object],[object Object]

Acoustic correlates of stress ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Solution to the puzzle of tone in disyllabic non-verbs in the tonal dialects of Tibetan

References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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