A BRIEF INTRODUCTION ON BLAST RESISTANT BUILDING

1. BLAST RESISTANT BUILDING
Presented by:
Guided by: Krishna Prasad P S
Asst. Prof. Jasmin Mundackal Roll No:14010926
KRISHNA PRASAD P S (Roll NO: 14010926)
Blast Resistant Building

2. Over view Of Presentation
 INTRODUCTION
 EXPLOSION PROCESS OF HIGH EXPLOSIVES
 BLAST LOADING DESIGN CONCEPTS
 ARCHITECTURAL ASPECT OF BLAST RESISTANT BUILDING DESIGN
 STRUCTURAL ASPECT OF BLAST RESISTANT BUILDING DESIGN
 BLAST RESISTANTCE TECHNICS USED IN STRUCTURES
 CONCLUSIONS
 REFERENCES
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Blast Resistant Building

3. KRISHNA PRASAD P S (Roll NO: 14010926) 3/25
Blast Resistant Building
MARCH 7 ,2016
MATTUMGA MUMABAI
1993
MUMABAI
DECEMBER 15, 2016
MAHARASHTRA NAGAR BOMBAY
MUMABAI

4. INTRODUCTION
 Now a days it is being essential a necessary part of design for more blast resistant
building around the world, at military site and general public sites also.
 Current engineering and architectural knowledge can enhance the new and existing
buildings to mitigate the effects of an explosion.
 2 kinds of explosions, unconfined and confined.
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Blast Resistant Building
Unconfined Explosion
* Air Blast
* Surface blast

5. *Air Blast
 Air burst waves caused by ground reflections occurs prior to the arrival of the
initial blast wave at a building as the shock wave continues to propagate outwards
along the ground surface.
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Air burst with ground reflections
Blast Resistant Building

6. * Surface blast
 The initial shock wave is reflected and amplified by the ground
surface to produce a reflected wave.
 In the majority of cases, terrorist activity occures in built-up areas of
cities, where devices are placed on or very near the ground surface.
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Surface burst
Blast Resistant Building

7. *Confined Explosion
 When an explosion occurs within a building, the pressures associated with the initial
shock front will be high.
 Depending on the venting, various types of confined explosions are possible.
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8. EXPLOSION PROCESS OF HIGH EXPLOSIVES
 Three effects have been identified in three categories.
* Air shock wave.
* Dynamic pressure.
* Ground shock wave.
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9. BLAST LOADING DESIGN CONCEPTS
 Blast overpressure loads have a large magnitude and short duration. Resolving these loads
using traditional elastic design methods results the specification of large, costly structural
members.
 Blast resistant structures are designed using ductility. A ductile structure yields and deforms
before failing.
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Blast wave pressures plotted against time
Blast Resistant Building

10. ARCHITECTURAL ASPECT OF BLAST
RESISTANT BUILDING DESIGN
 Architectural aspect includes 5 main features while designing.
* Planning and Layout.
* Structural form and internal layout.
* Bomb shelter areas.
* Installations.
* Glazing and Cladding
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Blast Resistant Building

11. PLANNING AND LAYOUT
 To minimize the risk of a terrorist attack, adequate placing of shelter areas within a
building should be considered for instance.
 In relation to an external threat, the priority should be to create as much stand-off
distance between an external bomb and the building as possible.
 On congested city centers there may be little or no scope for repositioning the
building, this can be achieved by strategic location of obstructions such as bollards,
trees and street furniture.
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12. Schematic layout of site for
protection against bombs
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13. STRUCTURAL FORM AND INTERNAL
LAYOUT
 Structural form is a parameter that greatly affects the blast loads on the building.
 Arches and domes are the types of structural forms that reduce the blast effects on
the building.
 Complex shapes that cause multiple reflections of the blast wave should
be discouraged.
 It should be noted that single story buildings are more blast resistant compared with
multi-story buildings if applicable.
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Blast Resistant Building

14. Internal planning of a building
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15. BOMB SHELTER AREA
 Shelter areas should be located away from windows, external doors, external walls
 Shelter area should provide sufficient ventilation and sanitation
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Blast Resistant Building

16. INSTALLATIONS
 The main control units and installation feeding points should be protected from
direct attacks .
 Areas with high damage receiving potential
* eg: external walls , ceilings, roof , slabs, car parking spaces and lobbies also should be
avoided to locate the electrical and other installations.
 A reserve installation system should be provided for a potential explosion and
should be located remote from the main installation system.
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17. GLAZING AND CLADDING
 Glass from broken and shattered windows could be responsible for a large
number of injuries caused by an explosion in a city center
 Laminated glass is the most effective in this context, glazing in the facade
should be minimized and should be ensured the structure securely with easily
accessible fittings
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18. STRUCTURAL ASPECT OF BLAST RESISTANT
BUILDING DESIGN
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 The face of a building reflects an external blast wave.
 A compression wave has begun to move towards the center of the rear face.
Sequence of air-blast effects
Blast Resistant Building

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Blast Resistant Building
Enhanced Beam –column connection details for steel work and reinforced concrete

20. BLAST RESISTANTCE TECHNIQUES USED IN
STRUCTURES
 Different types of techniques are used for blast resistance in masonry, concrete and
steel structures
* Masonry structure
- Fiber reinforced
* Concrete structures
- Sacrificial wall
- Concrete column
- Concrete wall
* Steel structures
- Passive dampers
- Sandwich structures
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21.  MASONRY STRUCTURE
* Masonry structure is a very important matter of blast resistant walls,
* The mass and ductility provides additional steel and concrete reinforcement
-FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
*Fiber reinforced provide exceptional ductility
*fiber polymers were sprayed on the back of concrete wall
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22. CONCLUSIONS
 It is not practical to design buildings to with stand any conceivable terrorist
attack.
 It is possible to improve the performance of structures should one occur in the
form of an external explosion.
 Design process should ensure that appropriate structural and architectural
concepts were incorporated .
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23. REFERENCES
[1] Koccaz Z. (2014) Blast Resistant Building Design, MSc
Thesis,Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
[2] Yandzio E., Gough M. (2009). Protection of Buildings Against Explosions, SCI
Publication, Berkshire, U.K.
[3] Hinman E. (2008) Blast Safety of the Building Envelope,WBDG, US. Hill J.A.,
Courtney M.A. (2005). The structural Engineer’s Response to Explosion Damage. The
Institution of Structural Engineer’s Report, SETO Ltd, London.
[4] Mays G.C., Smith P.D. (2005). Blast Effects on Buildings,Thomas Telford
Publications, Heron Quay, London.
[5]Hill J.A., Courtney M.A. (2005). The structural Engineer’s Response to Explosion
Damage. The Institution of Structural Engineer’s Report, SETO Ltd, London.
[6] Remennikov A. (2003) Essay 1: The HSBC Bank BuildingBombing: Analysis of
Blast Loading
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