Citizenship Stage 2 Health 2019

1. Bill And Melinda Gates ; Jack Sim

2. Introduction to Bill and Melinda Gates
Born in 1955, Bill Gates enrolled into Harvard with a SAT score of 1590 out of
1600. Two years later, he dropped out of university and decided to create
Microsoft, a corporation that sells and manufactures computer products. He later
on became one of the richest people in the world. He later on married Melinda
Gates in 1994. Bill Gates has always been a philanthropist and loved helping
people. 6 Years later, they founded the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. They
decided to take on tough challenges, as suggested by Warren Buffet, a friend of
theirs. Both being philanthropists, they tackled many challenges that exist in our
world, such as extreme poverty and the problems with america’s education
system. Guided by the strong belief that everyone deserves to be treated
equally, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation aims to help people lead healthy
and productive lives. This is how Bill Gates, a social entrepreneur had helped
millions of people.

3. Introduction to Jack Sim
Jack Sim, Founder of World Toilet Organization (WTO), has been a successful
businessman since age 24. Having achieved financial success in his 40s, Jack felt
the need to change his direction in life and give back to humanity – he wanted to
live his life according to the motto “Live a useful life”. Jack soon left his business
and embarked on a journey that saw him being the voice for those who could
not speak out and fought for those who were unable to fight for their dignity,
rights and health for the vulnerable and poor worldwide.
Jack discovered that toilets were often neglected and grew concerned that the
topic was often shrouded in embarrassment and apathy; talking toilets was
taboo! Jack felt this led to the neglect of restrooms island wide. In 1998, he
established the Restroom Association of Singapore (RAS) whose mission was to
raise the standards of public toilets in Singapore and around the world.

4. History and Impact of Bill and
Melinda Gates Foundation
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation which was formed in 2000 by Microsoft founder Bill Gates and his wife, Melinda. With its
total assets worth over $40 billion by 2015, the Gates Foundation the largest private philanthropic foundation in the world.
The Gates Foundation spends five percent of its endowment on programs and advocacy concerning education, health, poverty,
climate change, and “clean energy.” The other 95 percent is invested through the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Trust, which
is controlled by Bill and Melinda Gates, the Democratic party donor and investor Warren Buffett, who pledged $31 billion to the
Foundation in 2006.
The Foundation spent hundreds of millions of dollars to promote and implement the highly controversial national Common Core
education standards. The funding for the standards stretched from teachers’ unions and business groups to political advocacy
groups, and was embraced by the Obama administration, which eventually hired a number of former Gates Foundation staff.
However, the Foundation has also come under scrutiny for purportedly cornering the market on global health initiatives, and
encroaching on the territory of public organizations with parallel visions such as the World Health Organization. The Foundation
has given more than $78.5 million to the Planned Parenthood Federation of America, International Planned Parenthood
Federation, International Planned Parenthood Federation – European Network, International Planned Parenthood Worldwide, and
Planned Parenthood in both central and western Washington state.

5. History and Impact of Jack Sim’s
ventureWhile long regarded as a bit of a joke at home, Mr Sim's advocacy efforts have gained him ardent
admirers abroad - and a string of accolades to match.
Times magazine has named him their Hero of the Environment twice; he was also lauded as the
Schwab Foundation Social Entrepreneur of the Year in 2006 and Reader's Digest Asian of the Year in
2011.
But 2013 has proven to be a homecoming of sorts for Mr Sim. In July, Singapore tabled a United
Nations resolution calling for better sanitation worldwide - an idea first mooted by the 56-year-old. The
resolution inscribes Nov 19 as World Toilet Day on the UN calendar, making it a day of observance for
all 193 members.
“Before, I was seen as a troublemaker and everyone questioned my intentions. When I said our toilets
were dirty, people thought I was criticising the government, the whole system," recalls Mr Sim, his
usually-placid voice rising a notch with indignation. He even contemplated migrating to Australia.

6. Credits
http://worldtoilet.org/ - Picture of Jack Sim
https://www.gatesfoundation.org/Who-We-Are/General-Information/Letter-from-Bill-and-Melinda-Gates -
Picture Of Bill and Melinda Gates
https://www.influencewatch.org/non-profit/bill-and-melinda-gates-foundation/
http://worldtoilet.org/founder/
http://www.asiaone.com/business/jack-sims-big-business
Names of team members: Zachary Tay, Matthew Tham, Sim Zhi Rong, Sim Kay Wee