3. ADVANTAGES OF POPULATION
• If the population is above the optimum size, the country will be able to make
better use of its resources.
• The size of markets will increase. This should enable firms to take greater
advantage of economies of scale.
• There may be an increase in factor mobility if the rise has resulted from an
increase in the birth rate or immigration. Expanding industries can recruit new
workers to the labour force. These people are likely to be familiar with new ideas
and methods. If this is the case, firms’ training costs will be reduced.
• Extra demand will be generated. This is likely to stimulate investment and this
may lead to introduction of new technology.
• A rise in the labour force presently due to net immigration and in the future,
caused by a rise in the birth rate. Net immigration will bring in more workers.
More children being born will increase the dependency ratio in the short term
but in the long term, will result in more workers.
• Despite the possible advantages of an increasing population, there are a number
of reasons for a government to be concerned about population growth.
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4. Disadvantages of population growth
• Problems of Education System, due to the decreasing educational institutions,
due to the increasing population, it has become difficult for children to get
admission for studies, such as schools, furniture, sports fields, etc. Not enough
for all.
• Employment Problem is not enough to increase the number of jobs in
proportion to the increasing population, which is also increasing the problem of
unemployment.
• Problems of Food Supply Population. In the proportion of the increase, the
production of foodgrains is decreasing, due to which the food content is
available to the people in small quantities and the children are becoming
victims of malnutrition.
• The health and medical problem problem is that the health of the mother gets
worse due to the child in the family, so that they do not get proper care of the
children, they become sick and weak. As the number of hospitals in our country
is low, they do not have enough drugs available as well.
• Poverty in population and population of livelihood. Reduced income reduces
the per capita income, thereby increasing the poverty. In view of the above
problems, we can understand how the population explosion is a hindrance in
the development of the country.
