2. ColonyColony
A group of people inA group of people in
one place ruled by aone place ruled by a
parent countryparent country
3.
4. New England ColoniesNew England Colonies
ConnecticutConnecticut
Massachusetts BayMassachusetts Bay
Massachusetts and MaineMassachusetts and Maine
New HampshireNew Hampshire
Rhode IslandRhode Island
Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies
DelawareDelaware
New JerseyNew Jersey
New YorkNew York
PennsylvaniaPennsylvania
Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies
GeorgiaGeorgia
MarylandMaryland
North CarolinaNorth Carolina
South CarolinaSouth Carolina
VirginiaVirginia
Kentucky, Virginia, West VirginiaKentucky, Virginia, West Virginia
5. Why were the Europeans leavingWhy were the Europeans leaving
their homes and coming to America?their homes and coming to America?
The Renaissance created a growingThe Renaissance created a growing
interest in geography, exploration, andinterest in geography, exploration, and
colonization.colonization.
To increase their wealthTo increase their wealth
To have their own landTo have their own land
To escape religious persecutionTo escape religious persecution
To escape overpopulationTo escape overpopulation
To escape political oppressionTo escape political oppression
6. Ethnic and Religious PluralismEthnic and Religious Pluralism
Nationalities of individuals coming toNationalities of individuals coming to
America in the 17America in the 17thth
and 18and 18thth
centuries:centuries:
EnglishEnglish
SpanishSpanish
DutchDutch
GermanGerman
SwedishSwedish
7. Ethnic and Religious Pluralism:Ethnic and Religious Pluralism:
Colonial ReligionsColonial Religions
PuritansPuritans
Beliefs:Beliefs:
Strict morals regulationStrict morals regulation
Emphasis on private Bible studyEmphasis on private Bible study
Belief in simplicity of worshipBelief in simplicity of worship
Desire to improve society throughDesire to improve society through
educationeducation
Pilgrims (Massachusetts) were the mostPilgrims (Massachusetts) were the most
famous Puritan sect.famous Puritan sect.
Salem Witch TrialsSalem Witch Trials
8. Ethnic and Religious Pluralism:Ethnic and Religious Pluralism:
Colonial ReligionsColonial Religions
QuakersQuakers
Members of the Religious Society of FriendsMembers of the Religious Society of Friends
A form of Protestant Christianity that uses noA form of Protestant Christianity that uses no
scripturescripture
Emphasizes simplicity in life and worshipEmphasizes simplicity in life and worship
EgalitarianismEgalitarianism
Resistance to swearing oathsResistance to swearing oaths
Heavily involved Pacifism, Women’s Equality, andHeavily involved Pacifism, Women’s Equality, and
Abolition of SlaveryAbolition of Slavery
9. Ethnic and Religious Pluralism:Ethnic and Religious Pluralism:
Colonial ReligionsColonial Religions
CatholicismCatholicism
Largest single domination of ChristianityLargest single domination of Christianity
Stresses hierarchical, tightly controlled worship.Stresses hierarchical, tightly controlled worship.
Belief that Jesus Christ is the only son of God andBelief that Jesus Christ is the only son of God and
that his death led to grace among those on Earth.that his death led to grace among those on Earth.
Common Practices: Baptism, Confirmation,Common Practices: Baptism, Confirmation,
Confession, Communion, StrongConfession, Communion, Strong
Priesthood/Monastic traditionPriesthood/Monastic tradition
Maryland was founded specifically as a safe havenMaryland was founded specifically as a safe haven
for Catholicsfor Catholics
11. SlaverySlavery
The first African-American slaves wereThe first African-American slaves were
brought to America in…brought to America in…
16071607
……and how did they get here?and how did they get here?
To Jamestown, on a Dutch trading ship asTo Jamestown, on a Dutch trading ship as
indentured servantsindentured servants
12. Triangular Trade RouteTriangular Trade Route
A trade route betweenA trade route between
America, Europe, and AfricaAmerica, Europe, and Africa
14. Middle PassageMiddle Passage
The voyage lasted 2-5 monthsThe voyage lasted 2-5 months
The ships were designed for goods, notThe ships were designed for goods, not
people, so the travel was crowded andpeople, so the travel was crowded and
inhumane.inhumane.
Tightly packed slaves = spread ofTightly packed slaves = spread of
diseases, deathdiseases, death
Slaves fed very little. Many slaves triedSlaves fed very little. Many slaves tried
to starve themselves.to starve themselves.
19. What isWhat is slaveryslavery??
An institution where people areAn institution where people are
held against their will as propertyheld against their will as property
and forced to carry out the will ofand forced to carry out the will of
their ownertheir owner
22. How is a slave different from anHow is a slave different from an
indentured servant?indentured servant?
Indentured servants were bound byIndentured servants were bound by
contract for a certain amount ofcontract for a certain amount of
time, and had choicetime, and had choice
Slavery was against your will for lifeSlavery was against your will for life
23. Plantation SystemPlantation System
Very large farms thatVery large farms that
were individuallywere individually
owned and usuallyowned and usually
used slaves as theused slaves as the
workforceworkforce
24. Plantation SystemPlantation System
NegativesNegatives
Had to use slaves to be profitableHad to use slaves to be profitable
Only large farmers were successfulOnly large farmers were successful
Dominated economy, so held backDominated economy, so held back
industrializationindustrialization
25. Plantation SystemPlantation System
Economic BenefitsEconomic Benefits
Allowed new goods to be produced inAllowed new goods to be produced in
mass quantitiesmass quantities
Allowed owners to become veryAllowed owners to become very
wealthywealthy
27. MercantilismMercantilism
An economic system that relied onAn economic system that relied on
exportsexports
Export more than you importExport more than you import
Ruling countries used colonies as aRuling countries used colonies as a
source of raw materials to makesource of raw materials to make
finished goods & sell for high profits,finished goods & sell for high profits,
usually in coloniesusually in colonies
28. MercantilismMercantilism
Colonial ProductsColonial Products
Sugar, tobacco, cotton, gold, rice,Sugar, tobacco, cotton, gold, rice,
lumber, indigolumber, indigo
Found in Southern colonies; related toFound in Southern colonies; related to
plantation systemplantation system
33. Size of landholdingsSize of landholdings
NORTHNORTH
Small lots ofSmall lots of
land for eachland for each
familyfamily
SOUTHSOUTH
LargeLarge
plantationsplantations
for wealthyfor wealthy
familiesfamilies
41. Region Geography Government & Economy Religion & Society
- Coastal areas with good
harbors.
- Inland areas with dense
forests.
- Poor rocky soil & short
growing season.
- Small farms.
- Lumber mills.
- Fishing, Shipbuilding and
Trade flourished.
- Cities developed along
coast.
- Town meetings =
examples
of direct democracy
- Most people organized as
congregations. (Puritans)
- Merchants controlled trade.
- Artisans made goods, unskilled
workers and slaves provided labor.
- Education very important.
- Schools centered around church.
- Fertile soil and long
growing season.
- Rivers ran into
backcountry.
- Colonies grew large
amounts of rye, oats,
barley, potatoes & wheat
as cash crops.
“Breadbasket of
America”
- Cities on coast.
- Wealthiest people owned large
farms
& most business.
- Most farmers produced a small
surplus.
- Tenant farmers rented land or
worked for wages.
- Religious diversity: Catholic,
Quaker,
Protestant- Favorable climate and
soil
for agriculture.
- Wide rivers made cities
unnecessary.
- Tobacco, rice, cotton, &
indigo grown on large
plantations as cash
crops.
- Wealthy elite controlled most
land.
- Labor supply: indentured servants
&
African slaves.
- Religion: Anglican
- Not much formal education
because
