2. WHAT IS TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS?
• It is the technology for next generation of optoelectronic devices that employs wide band
gap semiconductors for the realization of invisible circuits. Oxide semiconductors are very
interesting materials, because they combine simultaneously high/low conductivity with
high visual transparency.
• Ex:You are travelling in a car and you want to watch a movie or video play. Now the glass
shields i.e window panels will turn into a TV screen and this is possible with this
technology.
3. BIRTH PLACE OF TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS?
• The transparent electronics that were pioneered at Oregon State University may find
one of their newest applications as a next-generation replacement for some uses of non-
volatile flash memory . Researchers at OSU have confirmed that zinc tin oxide, an
inexpensive and environmentally benign compound, has significant potential for use in
this field, and could provide a new, transparent technology where computer memory is
based on resistance, instead of an electron charge.
• This resistive random access memory, or RRAM, is referred to by some researchers as a
"memristor." Products using this approach could become even smaller and faster.
• Flash memory has taken us a long way with its very small size and low price. . "But it's
nearing the end of its potential, and memristors are a leading candidate to continue
performance improvements."
• Transparent electronics offer potential for innovative products that don't yet exist, like
information displayed on an automobile windshield, or surfing the web on the glass top
of a coffee table.
4. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••ABOUT MEMRISTORS
.Memristors(RRAM) have a simple structure,are able to program and erase information
rapidly.
.These stores data with electrical resistance.
.It is a transparent compound appears to offer good performance and light weight.
.The new research also shows that zinc tin oxide can be used not only for memristors but
also for thin film transistors(TFT).
.TFT used in manufacture of led , lcd displays.
5. Zinc tin oxide and amorphous oxide play key role.
ZTO and amorphous oxide optically transparent
and electrically conductive.
INDIUM and GALLIUM are highly expensive.
ZTO is inexpensive and environment benign
compound.
OXIDES PLAY KEY ROLE
6. COMBINING TRANSPARENCY WITH ELECTICAL CONDUCTIVITY
• A transparent material is an insulator which possesses completely
filled valence and empty conduction bands.
• Hence their is a need to combine transparency with electrical
conductivity.
8. CARRIER GENERATION IN TCO (CONTD..)
SUBSTITUTIONAL DOPING
• Doping with aliovalent ions.
• For example ZnO films have been
prepared by doping with group
III(AL.GA,) , IV(SI,GE) and VII elements
giving rise to wide range of electrical
conductivities
OXYGEN REDUCTION
• In this method oxygen is removed
from the metal oxide.
• This removal of oxygen removes two
extra electrons in the crystal.
11. Transparent smart cards.
“Head-mount displays" where the lenses of
goggles or eyeglasses serve as displays.
Windowpanes with transparent solar cell Can
be used for energy harvesting.
Heads-up displays (HUD) showing driver
support
FUTURE SCOPE
12. Oxides a new class of material can be used for manufacturing of
transparent devices.
These see-through devices can prove a boon to the technology.
This will also help in development on flexible, non-breakable
electronics.
