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PROYECTO
TRANSPORTES Y COMUNICACIONES
Proyecto de Manual de Carreteras – Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
que contiene las normas, guías y procedimientos para el diseño y cálculo estructural
de túneles, muros y obras complementarias. Incluye los estudios de ingeniería
básica.
El Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones a través de la Dirección
General de Caminos y Ferrocarriles, pone a consideración del público
interesado el contenido del Proyecto de Manual de Carreteras –
Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias, a fin de que remitan sus
opiniones y sugerencias por escrito a la Dirección General de Caminos y
Ferrocarriles, Jr. Zorritos 1203 Cercado de Lima, vía fax al N° 6157841
o vía correo electrónico a proyectonormas@mintc.gob.pe dentro del
plazo de cuarenta y cinco (45) días hábiles, de acuerdo al formato
siguiente:
MANUAL DE CARRETERAS -TÚNELES, MUROS Y OBRAS
COMPLEMENTARIAS
Volumen, Capitulo, Sección, Numeral Comentarios(*)
1º
2º
Comentarios Generales:
(*)Adjunte los documentos sustentatorios de sus comentarios de ser pertinente.
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Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
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Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
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Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
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Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
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Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias
Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias

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Manual de Carreteras - Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias

  • 1.
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  • 4. PROYECTO TRANSPORTES Y COMUNICACIONES Proyecto de Manual de Carreteras – Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias que contiene las normas, guías y procedimientos para el diseño y cálculo estructural de túneles, muros y obras complementarias. Incluye los estudios de ingeniería básica. El Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones a través de la Dirección General de Caminos y Ferrocarriles, pone a consideración del público interesado el contenido del Proyecto de Manual de Carreteras – Túneles, Muros y Obras Complementarias, a fin de que remitan sus opiniones y sugerencias por escrito a la Dirección General de Caminos y Ferrocarriles, Jr. Zorritos 1203 Cercado de Lima, vía fax al N° 6157841 o vía correo electrónico a proyectonormas@mintc.gob.pe dentro del plazo de cuarenta y cinco (45) días hábiles, de acuerdo al formato siguiente: MANUAL DE CARRETERAS -TÚNELES, MUROS Y OBRAS COMPLEMENTARIAS Volumen, Capitulo, Sección, Numeral Comentarios(*) 1º 2º Comentarios Generales: (*)Adjunte los documentos sustentatorios de sus comentarios de ser pertinente.
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  • 12. 0DQXDO GH DUUHWHUDV ³7~QHOHV 0XURV 2EUDV RPSOHPHQWDULDV´ 9ROXPHQ , ± -81,2 PHMRU GHVHPSHxR SRVLEOH HQ WpUPLQRV GH HILFLHQFLD WpFQLFR ± HFRQyPLFD HVSHUDQGR TXH HVWD REUD SXHGD VHU XQD KHUUDPLHQWD LGyQHD SDUD HO SURHFWLVWD FRQVWUXFWRU VXSHUYLVRU GH REUD (O WUDWDPLHQWR TXH VH KD GDGR D FDGD WHPD WLHQH OD DGHFXDGD DPSOLWXG FRPR SDUD GDU XQD LGHD VXILFLHQWHPHQWH GHWDOODGD GHO HVWDGR DFWXDO GH OD WpFQLFD GH FRQVWUXFFLyQ GH W~QHOHV DXQTXH VLQ SURIXQGL]DU WDQWR TXH KDJD WHGLRVR VX OHFWXUD 'H HVWD IRUPD HQ HO DSDUWDGR GH FiOFXORV SRU HMHPSOR QR VH KD GHVFHQGLGR KDVWD HO QLYHO GH IRUPXODFLyQ PDWHPiWLFD VLQR ~QLFDPHQWH VH KD GHVFULWR OD ILORVRItD GH FDGD PpWRGR VXV SRVLELOLGDGHV (O GLVHxR JHRPpWULFR HV OD SDUWH PiV LPSRUWDQWH GHO SURHFWR GH XQD FDUUHWHUD HVWDEOHFLHQGR FRQ EDVH HQ ORV FRQGLFLRQDQWHV R IDFWRUHV H[LVWHQWHV OD FRQILJXUDFLyQ JHRPpWULFD GHILQLWLYD GHO FRQMXQWR WULGLPHQVLRQDO TXH VXSRQH SDUD VDWLVIDFHU DO Pi[LPR ORV REMHWLYRV IXQGDPHQWDOHV HV GHFLU OD IXQFLRQDOLGDG OD VHJXULGDG OD FRPRGLGDG OD LQWHJUDFLyQ HQ VX HQWRUQR OD DUPRQtD R HVWpWLFD OD HFRQRPtD OD HODVWLFLGDG /D IXQFLRQDOLGDG YHQGUi GHWHUPLQDGD SRU HO WLSR GH YtD D SURHFWDU VXV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV DVt FRPR SRU HO YROXPHQ SURSLHGDGHV GHO WUiQVLWR SHUPLWLHQGR XQD DGHFXDGD PRYLOLGDG SRU HO WHUULWRULR D ORV XVXDULRV PHUFDQFtDV D WUDYpV GH XQD VXILFLHQWH YHORFLGDG GH RSHUDFLyQ GHO FRQMXQWR GH OD FLUFXODFLyQ /D VHJXULGDG YLDO GHEH VHU OD SUHPLVD EiVLFD HQ FXDOTXLHU GLVHxR YLDO LQVSLUDQGR WRGDV ODV IDVHV GHO PLVPR KDVWD ODV PtQLPDV IDFHWDV UHIOHMDGD SULQFLSDOPHQWH HQ OD VLPSOLFLGDG XQLIRUPLGDG GH ORV GLVHxRV /D FRPRGLGDG GH ORV XVXDULRV GH ORV YHKtFXORV GHEH LQFUHPHQWDUVH HQ FRQVRQDQFLD FRQ OD PHMRUD JHQHUDO GH OD FDOLGDG GH YLGD GLVPLQXHQGR ODV DFHOHUDFLRQHV HVSHFLDOPHQWH VXV YDULDFLRQHV TXH UHGXFHQ OD FRPRGLGDG GH ORV RFXSDQWHV GH ORV YHKtFXORV 7RGR HOOR DMXVWDQGR ODV FXUYDWXUDV GH OD JHRPHWUtD VXV WUDQVLFLRQHV D ODV YHORFLGDGHV GH RSHUDFLyQ SRU ODV TXH RSWDQ ORV FRQGXFWRUHV D OR ODUJR GH ORV DOLQHDPLHQWRV /D LQWHJUDFLyQ HQ VX HQWRUQR GHEH SURFXUDU PLQLPL]DU ORV LPSDFWRV DPELHQWDOHV WHQLHQGR HQ FXHQWD HO XVR YDORUHV GH ORV VXHORV DIHFWDGRV VLHQGR EiVLFD OD PDRU DGDSWDFLyQ ItVLFD SRVLEOH D OD WRSRJUDItD H[LVWHQWH /D DUPRQtD R HVWpWLFD GH OD REUD UHVXOWDQWH WLHQH GRV SRVLEOHV SXQWRV GH YLVWD HO H[WHULRU R HVWiWLFR UHODFLRQDGR FRQ OD DGDSWDFLyQ SDLVDMtVWLFD HO LQWHULRU R GLQiPLFR YLQFXODGR FRQ OD FRPRGLGDG YLVXDO GHO FRQGXFWRU DQWH ODV SHUVSHFWLYDV FDPELDQWHV TXH VH DJROSDQ D VXV SXSLODV SXHGHQ OOHJDU D SURYRFDU IDWLJD R GLVWUDFFLyQ PRWLYR GH SHOLJURVLGDG +D TXH REWHQHU XQ GLVHxR JHRPpWULFR FRQMXQWR TXH RIUH]FD DO FRQGXFWRU XQ UHFRUULGR IiFLO DJUDGDEOH H[HQWR GH VRUSUHVDV GHVRULHQWDFLRQHV /D HFRQRPtD R HO PHQRU FRVWR SRVLEOH WDQWR GH OD HMHFXFLyQ GH OD REUD FRPR GHO PDQWHQLPLHQWR OD H[SORWDFLyQ IXWXUD GH OD PLVPD DOFDQ]DQGR VLHPSUH XQD VROXFLyQ GH FRPSURPLVR FRQ HO UHVWR GH REMHWLYRV R FULWHULRV /D HODVWLFLGDG VXILFLHQWH GH OD VROXFLyQ GHILQLWLYD SDUD SUHYHU SRVLEOHV DPSOLDFLRQHV HQ HO IXWXUR /LPD GH -XQLR GH
  • 13. 0DQXDO GH DUUHWHUDV ³7~QHOHV 0XURV 2EUDV RPSOHPHQWDULDV´ 9ROXPHQ , ± -81,2 ,1',( *(1(5$/ ± 92/80(1 , 7Ò1(/(6 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 2%-(72 '(/ 0$18$/ 25*$1,=$,Ï1 '(/ 0$18$/ *(1(5$/,'$'(6 $3Ë78/26 $%5(9,$785$6 6,67(0$ '( 0(','$6 /$6,),$,Ï1 '( /26 7Ò1(/(6 '(),1,,21(6 $0%,72 '( $3/,$,21 ',6(f2 *(20(75,2 '( 7Ò1(/(6 3$5$ $55(7(5$ *(1(5$/,'$'(6 ',6(f2 *(20e75,2 (1 3/$17$ *(1(5$/,'$'(6 216,'(5$,21(6 '(/ ',6(f2 (1 3/$17$ 75$026 (1 7$1*(17( 859$6 ,58/$5(6 3(5$/7( 859$6 '( 75$16,,Ï1 9,6,%,/,'$' '( 3$5$'$ ',6(f2 *(20e75,2 (1 3(5),/ 3(1',(17( 859$6 9(57,$/(6 225',1$,Ï1 (175( /$ $/,1($,Ï1 +25,=217$/ (/ 3(5),/ /21*,78',1$/ 6(,Ï1 75$169(56$/ $1+2 '( 3/$7$)250$ *È/,%2 $1+2 (1 9(5('$6 ,167$/$,21(6 (;$9$,Ï1 '(/ 7Ò1(/ 21(;,21(6 75$169(56$/(6 %$+Ë$6 3$5$ (67$,21$5 1,+26 '( $8;,/,2 $572*5$)Ë$ 7232*5$)Ë$ ',6(f2 *(20(75,2 '( 7Ò1(/(6 3$5$ )(552$55,/(6 ',6(f2 *(20e75,2 (1 3/$17$ *(1(5$/,'$'(6 216,'(5$,21(6 '(/ ',6(f2 (1 3/$17$
  • 14. 0DQXDO GH DUUHWHUDV ³7~QHOHV 0XURV 2EUDV RPSOHPHQWDULDV´ 9ROXPHQ , ± -81,2 75$026 (1 7$1*(17( 859$6 ,58/$5(6 3(5$/7( 859$6 '( 75$16,,Ï1 ',6(f2 *(20e75,2 (1 3(5),/ *5$',(17( '( /$ 9Ë$ 859$6 9(57,$/(6 225',1$,Ï1 (175( /$ $/,1($,Ï1 +25,=217$/ (/ 3(5),/ /21*,78',1$/ 6(,Ï1 75$169(56$/ $1+2 '( 3/$7$)250$ *È/,%2 $1+2 (1 9(5('$6 ,167$/$,21(6 (;$9$,Ï1 '(/ 7Ò1(/ '2%/( 9Ë$ 9Ë$ 81,',5(,21$/ (/(0(1726 '( 6(*85,'$' 6$/,'$6 '( (0(5*(1,$ $ /$ 683(5),,( /$7(5$/ 2 9(57,$/ 6$/,'$6 75$169(56$/ $/ 2752 78%2 62/8,21(6 7e1,$6 $/7(51$7,9$6 $572*5$)Ë$ 7232*5$)Ë$ (678',26 *(2/2*,26 ± *(27(1,26 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 5(23,/$,Ï1 '( ,1)250$,Ï1 (;,67(17( 0$52 *(2/Ï*,2 0$52 *(27e1,2 5(212,0,(172 '( 683(5),,( $572*5$)Ë$ '( $)/25$0,(1726 (67$,21(6 *(20(È1,$6 +,'52*(2/2*Ë$ $/,$7$6 ,19(67,*$,Ï1 *(2/Ï*,$ '(/ 68%68(/2 7e1,$6 *(2)Ë6,$6 0e72'26 6Ë60,26 0e72'26 (/e75,26 0e72'26 (/(7520$*1e7,26 *(25$'$5 ',$*5$)Ë$6 *(2)Ë6,$6 %25(+2/( 7(/(9,(:(5 621'(26 68(/26 0$,=26 522626 (16$26 ,16,78 68(/26 (16$2 '( 3(1(75$,Ï1 (67È1'$5 637
  • 15. 3(1(75Ï0(7526 (16$2 35(6,20e75,2 370
  • 16. 0DQXDO GH DUUHWHUDV ³7~QHOHV 0XURV 2EUDV RPSOHPHQWDULDV´ 9ROXPHQ , ± -81,2 (16$2 '( 02/,1(7( 3,(=20e75,26 (16$2 /()5$1 0$,=26 522626 08(675$6 '( 7(67,*2 621'(26 3(50($%,/,'$' (67$'2 7(16,21$/ (16$26 '( /$%25$725,2 (16$26 '( ,'(17,),$,Ï1 68(/26 0$,=26 522626 3$5È0(7526 '( 5(6,67(1,$ (16$2 '( 2035(6,Ï1 6,03/( (16$2 '( 257( ',5(72 (16$2 75,$;,$/ 27526 (16$26 '( /$%25$725,2 $1È/,6,6 '( 5,(6*26 *(2/Ï*,26 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 203257$0,(172 '(/ 7(55(12 (/ )5(17( '(/ 7Ò1(/ 7,326 '( 5,(6*26 6(*Ò1 /$6 21',,21(6 '( 75$%$-2 $*8$ $ 35(6,Ï1 =21$6 12 2162/,'$'$6 '(62675$0,(172 (67$//,'2 '( 52$6 (6$62 21),1$0,(172 %/248(6 (;3$16,9,'$' 3/$67,),$,Ï1 ,17(16$ *$6 27526 $63(726 6(*Ò1 (/ 0e72'2 '( (;$9$,Ï1 0e72'26 219(1,21$/(6 7Ò1(/$'25$6 6(*Ò1 (/ ',6(f2 /$ 3/$1,),$,Ï1 '(/ 7Ò1(/ 6Ë60,26 325 '(6/,=$0,(172 */$,2/Ï*,2 325 '(6/,=$0,(172 +,'52*(2/Ï*,2 /$6,),$,Ï1 *(20(È1,$ ',6(f2 (03Ë5,2 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 /$6,),$,21(6 $17,*8$6 7(5=$*+, /$8))(5 '((5( (7 565 /$6,),$,21(6 02'(51$6 /$6,),$,Ï1 '( %,(1,$:6., 505
  • 19. 0DQXDO GH DUUHWHUDV ³7~QHOHV 0XURV 2EUDV RPSOHPHQWDULDV´ 9ROXPHQ , ± -81,2 /$6,),$,Ï1 *6, *(2/2*,$/ 675(1*+ ,1'(;
  • 20. È/8/26 '( 7Ò1(/(6 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 0e72'26 $1$/Ë7,26 217,1826 219(5*(1,$ ± 21),1$0,(172 (48,/,%5,2 /Ë0,7( %(''('%($0635,1* 203257$0,(172 $5$7(5,=$,Ï1 '( /26 0$,=26 522626 5,7(5,26 '( 52785$ 203257$0,(172 (/È67,2 02+5 ± 28/20% *5,)),7+ '58.(535$*(5 +2(.%52:1 2%7(1,Ï1 '( 3$5È0(7526 (67,0$,Ï1 '( 3523,('$'(6 '(/ 0$,=2 52262 02'(/26 180e5,26 0e72'26 '( $1È/,6,6 (/(0(1726 ),1,726 ',)(5(1,$6 ),1,7$6 (/(0(1726 ',65(726 /Ë0,7( 02'(/26 *(20e75,26 ',65(7,=$,Ï1 02'(/,=$,Ï1 '(/ 352(62 2167587,92 02'(/2 2167,787,92 $9$1(6 (1 /26 02'(/26 180e5,26 (;$9$,Ï1 (1 7Ò1(/(6 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 (;$9$,Ï1 0(',$17( 3(5)25$,Ï1 92/$'85$ *(1(5$/,'$'(6 3(5)25$,Ï1 0$48,1$5,$ '( 3(5)25$,Ï1 (;3/26,926 92/$'85$6 9,%5$,21(6 '(6(620%52 6$1(2 (;$9$,Ï1 0(È1,$ *(1(5$/,'$'(6 (;$9$,Ï1 21 5(752(;$9$'25$ 0$57,//2 +,'5È8/,2 (;$9$,Ï1 21 52=$'25$6 (;$9$,Ï1 21 781(/$'25$6 781(/$'25$6 $%,(57$6 2 72326 781(/$'25$6 (68'$'$6 (68'2 6,03/(
  • 21. 781(/$'25$6 21 '2%/( (68'2 781(/$'25$ (3% +,'52(68'26 '(6(620%52 (/(,Ï1 '(/ 6,67(0$ '( (;$9$,Ï1
  • 22. 0DQXDO GH DUUHWHUDV ³7~QHOHV 0XURV 2EUDV RPSOHPHQWDULDV´ 9ROXPHQ , ± -81,2 0e72'26 '( (;$9$,Ï1 0e72'2 %(/*$ 18(92 0e72'2 $8675,$2 1$70
  • 24. 6267(1,0,(172 (1 7Ò1(/(6 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 21(372 '(/ 6267(1,0,(172 ',6(f2 '(/ 6267(1,0,(172 215(72 /$1=$'2 )$%5,$,Ï1 75$163257( 6,67(0$6 '( 352(,Ï1 $(/(5$17(6 '( )5$*8$'2 38(67$ (1 2%5$ 3(5126 '( $1/$-( 7(12/2*Ë$ '( 3(5126 '( $1/$-( $,21(6 '( 5()8(5=2 21752/ '(/ 3(512 '( $1/$-( (5+$6 1((6,'$'(6 5(48,6,726 (63(,),$,21(6 21',,21$17(6 7,326 (/(0(1726 $8;,/,$5(6 '29(/$6 7,326 '( $1,//2 2/2$,Ï1 )250$6 '( /$6 '29(/$6 -817$6 (/(0(1726 '( ),-$,Ï1 $50$'85$6 )$%5,$,Ï1 75$7$0,(1726 (63(,$/(6 5()8(5=2 62%5( /$ /$9( '(/ 781(/ 3527(,Ï1 (1 2%5$6 85%$1$6 $868/7$,Ï1 (1 7Ò1(/(6 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 21752/ '( 0(','$6 ( ,16758017$,Ï1 $868/7$,Ï1 '( 029,0,(1726 21752/ 7232*5È),2 ,1/,1Ï0(7526 (;7(16Ï0(7526 (;7(16Ë0(7526 ,17$6 (;7(16Ï0(75,$6 2 '( 219(5*(1,$ $868/7$,Ï1 '( 7(16,21(6 e/8/$6 '( 35(6,Ï1 e/8/$6 '( $5*$ $868/7$,Ï1 '( /$ 35(6,Ï1 ,17(567,,$/
  • 25. 0DQXDO GH DUUHWHUDV ³7~QHOHV 0XURV 2EUDV RPSOHPHQWDULDV´ 9ROXPHQ , ± -81,2 32=26 '( 2%6(59$,Ï1 3,(=Ï0(7526 '( $6$*5$1'( 3,(=Ï0(7526 (55$'26 3/$1 '( $868/7$,Ï1 $1È/,6,6 ,17(535(7$,Ï1 (9$/8$,Ï1 '( /26 5(68/7$'26 ,03(50($%,/,=$,Ï1 5(9(67,0,(172 $$%$'26 ,03(50($%,/,=$,Ï1 2%5$ 68%7(55$1($ 18(9$ ,03(50(%,/,=$,Ï1 3267(5,25 2 5()8(5=2 '( /$ (;,67(17( 7Ò1(/(6 $ ,(/2 $%,(572 5(9(67,0,(172 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 215(72 /$1=$'2 215(72 35()$%5,$'2 5(9(67,0,(1726 215(72 5()25=$'2 '5(1$-( $$%$'26 3$9,0(172 (/(0(1726 /$7(5$/(6 3257$/ *(1(5$/,'$'(6 6,78$,Ï1 '(/ 3257$/ ,1(67$%,/,'$' (1 /26 3257$/(6 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 0(','$6 '( 255(,21 3527(,21 '(/ 7$/8' 0(','$6 '( 5()8(5=2 (1 7Ò1(/(6 7,32/2*,$ '(/ 3257$/ ( ,17(*5$,21 (1 (/ (172512 6(*8,0,(172 21752/ '( 2%5$ *(1(5$/,'$'(6 5(9,6,Ï1 '(/ 352(72 21752/ '( /$ (;$9$,Ï1 21752/ *(20e75,2 21752/ '( $9$1( 21752/ *(2/Ï*,2 *(27e1,2 6(*8,0,(172 '(/ )5(17( '( (;$9$,Ï1 $868/7$,Ï1 21752/ +,'52*(2/Ï*,2 21752/ '(/ 6267(1,0,(172 21752/ '(/ 6267(1,0,(172 $3/,$'2 21752/ '( $/,'$' =21$ '(/ 3257$/ 3(5126 '( $1/$-(
  • 26. 0DQXDO GH DUUHWHUDV ³7~QHOHV 0XURV 2EUDV RPSOHPHQWDULDV´ 9ROXPHQ , ± -81,2 215(72 /$1=$'2 21/86,21(6 7Ò1(/ 217(1,'2 '( ),%5$6 5(6,67(1,$ $ 2035(6,Ï1 '(/ 215(72 /$1=$'2 21752/ '(/ 5(9(67,0,(172 21752/ *(20e75,2 21752/ '( $/,'$' 6(*8,0,(172 7e1,2 (21Ï0,2 7(0325$/ ,1)250( ),1$/ '( 2%5$ (-(87$'$ 6(*85,'$' ( +,*,(1( '( /$ 2%5$ 0217$-( '( ,167$/$,21(6 (55$0,(172 ,167$/$,21(6 '( +,*,(1( %,(1(67$5 ,167$/$,Ï1 (/e75,$ ,167$/$,Ï1 '( $*8$ ,167$/$,21(6 '( (;3/26,926 7$//(5 0(È1,2 =21$ '( /,03,(=$ '( 9(+Ë8/26 3$548( '( 5(3$5$,Ï1 '( $50$'85$6 '(3Ï6,72 '( $/0$(1$0,(172 3$548( '( )$%5,$,Ï1 '( '29(/$6 (-(8,Ï1 '( $(626 (;$9$,Ï1 $ ,(/2 $%,(572 32=2 '( $7$48( (;$9$,Ï1 $9$1( '(/ 7Ò1(/ 3257$/ '( (175$'$ 6$/,'$ $9$1( 21 5(752(;$9$'25$ 52=$'25$ (;3/26,926 ,167$/$,21(6 '(/ 7Ò1(/ 9(17,/$,Ï1 ,167$/$,Ï1 (/e75,$ ,167$/$,Ï1 '( $,5( 2035,0,'2 6267(1,0,(172 3(5126 '( $1/$-( 215(72 /$1=$'2 (5+$6 3/$$6 '(63/(*$'$6 %(512/'
  • 27. 75$7$0,(1726 (63(,$/(6 5(9(67,0,(172 )$/626 7Ò1(/(6 ,03(50($%,/,=$,Ï1 215(72 ,16,78 (/(0(1726 35()$%5,$'26
  • 28. 0DQXDO GH DUUHWHUDV ³7~QHOHV 0XURV 2EUDV RPSOHPHQWDULDV´ 9ROXPHQ , ± -81,2 $$%$'26 ( ,167$/$,21(6 '(),1,7,9$6 6,67(0$6 '( (-(8,Ï1 '( 7Ò1(/(6 21 0È48,1$6 ,17(*5$/(6 0217$-( '(60217$-( 87,/,=$,Ï1 0$17(1,0,(172 +,*,(1( 217$0,1$17(6 )Ë6,26 217$0,1$17(6 48Ë0,26 217$0,1$17(6 %,2/Ï*,26 3/$1(6 '( (0(5*(1,$ $/$50$ (9$8$,Ï1 (172512 ,/80,1$,Ï1 (1 7Ò1(/(6 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 =21$6 '( $/80%5$'26 (1 /26 7Ò1(/(6 =21$6 '( $(62 =21$ '( 80%5$/ =21$ '( 75$16,,Ï1 =21$ ,17(5,25 =21$ '( 6$/,'$ 5,7(5,26 3$5$ /$ ,/80,1$,Ï1 ,/80,1$,Ï1 (1 /$ =21$ '( $(626 ,/80,1$,Ï1 (1 /$ =21$ '( 80%5$/ ,/80,1$,Ï1 (1 /$ =21$ '( 75$16,,Ï1 ,/80,1$,Ï1 (1 /$ =21$ ,17(5,25 '(/ 7Ò1(/ ,/80,1$,Ï1 (1 /$ =21$ '( 6$/,'$ '(/ 7Ò1(/ (48,326 /È03$5$6 /80,1$5,$6 %$1'(-$6 $-$6 '( 21(;,Ï1 $%/($'2 /È03$5$6 /80,1$5,$6 7(12/2*Ë$ /(' (03/$=$0,(172 2/2$,Ï1 6,78$,Ï1 ',6326,,Ï1 21',,21(6 '( 6(59,,2 '( 81$ ,167$/$,Ï1 '( ,/80,1$,Ï1 (67$'26 '( )81,21$0,(172 9(17,/$,Ï1 (1 7Ò1(/(6 *(1(5$/,'$'(6 7,326 '( 9(17,/$,Ï1 9(17,/$,Ï1 1$785$/ 9(17,/$,Ï1 /21*,78',1$/ 9(17,/$,Ï1 6(0,75$169(56$/ 9(17,/$,Ï1 75$169(56$/ $/$1(6 '( /$ 9(17,/$,Ï1 1$785$/
  • 29. 0DQXDO GH DUUHWHUDV ³7~QHOHV 0XURV 2EUDV RPSOHPHQWDULDV´ 9ROXPHQ , ± -81,2 '(7(50,1$,Ï1 '( /$6 1((6,'$'(6 '(/ $,5( )5(62 ',/8,Ï1 '( 021Ï;,'2 '( $5%212 2
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