The document discusses the constitution of the council of ministers in India. It notes that according to Article 74 of the Indian constitution, the council of ministers aids and advises the president in exercising executive powers. The council of ministers is formed after the prime minister is sworn in and is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. The main functions of the council include aiding the president, determining legislative programs, preparing the budget, and formulating foreign policy. The council also exercises executive, legislative, and financial powers on behalf of the president.

1. MCN202
CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

3. Topic:

4. o Introduction
o Constitution of council of ministers
o Function
o Powers
• Executive Power
• Legislative Power
• Financial Power
o References

5. Article 74 of the Constitution of India provides for
the real executive. Theoretically the Council of
Ministers and Prime Minister are to aid and advise the
President in the exercise of his powers.

7. 1. As per provisions in the Constitution, there must be a
Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as the
head to aid and advice the President who shall in the
exercise of his functions, act in accordance with such
advice.
2. The Council of Ministers is formed as soon as the
Prime Minister is sworn in.

8. 3. The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible
to the House of the People (Lok Sabha).
4. At Present there are three types of Minister-
(i) Cabinet Minister
(ii) Minister of State
(iii) Deputy Minister.[Article 76]

9.  The main function of the Council of the Ministers is to
aid and advice the President.
 The Council of Ministers determines the legislative
programme of the Union and uses its initiative in the
introduction and passage of Government legislation.

10.  The Council of Ministers prepares the budget of the
Government and moves demand for grants.
 The foreign policy of India is formulated by the
Council of Ministers and the emergency powers of the
President are mostly exercised by the Ministers.

11. Executive Powers

12. (i) Real Executive:
The Council of Ministers is the real executive. All executive
powers of the President of India are really used by the Council
of Ministers.
(ii) Policy-Making:
The Cabinet formulates the policies which are to be submitted
to the Parliament for approval. It gets these policies approved
from the Parliament and then implements these.

13. (iii) Running of Administration:
The Cabinet runs the administration in accordance with the
laws and policies. It has the responsibility to maintain law and
order in the country. Every minister heads one or more
departments.
(iv) Treaty-Making and Defense Functions:
All treaties and other international agreements are negotiated
and signed by the ministers on behalf of the President. To
prepare for the defense of the country through the organization
and modernization of the Army, Air Force and Navy, and by
formulating a suitable defense and nuclear policy.

14. Legislative Powers

15. The Council of Ministers plays an important role in the
sphere of legislation.
• Makes important policy statements in the parliament.
• Defends the policies of the Government.
• the Council of Ministers plays an important role in the
sphere of legislation.

16. Financial Powers

17.  The Parliament is the custodian of national
finances.
 The budget is prepared by the Cabinet.
 The Cabinet runs the financial administration in
accordance with the provisions of the budget as
passed by the Parliament.

18.  All proposals for additional taxes come from the
Cabinet.
 Money Bills can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha
and only by the ministers.
 The Parliament can modify financial bills but only
with the consent of the Cabinet.

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