THE US’s NATIONWIDE PUBLIC SAFETY LTE NETWORK THE GLOBAL ADOPTION OF LTE FOR NEXT-GEN MISSION-CRITICAL COMMUNICATIONS

1 | COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
THE US’s NATIONWIDE PUBLIC SAFETY LTE NETWORK
THE GLOBAL ADOPTION OF LTE FOR
NEXT-GEN MISSION-CRITICAL COMMUNICATIONS

2 | COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
1.  The long (and winding) road to FirstNet
2.  LTE – the foundation of next-generation Public Safety
communications
3.  Commercial grade vs. Public Safety grade
4.  LTE evolution:
Introducing new functionality to support Mission-
Critical communications…while maintaining backward
compatibility
5.  LTE Network Sharing: Supporting public safety, utilities
and other Critical Infrastructure on a common network
AGENDA

US PUBLIC SAFETY BROADBAND
A BRIEF HISTORY
1997: Congress Allocates 24 MHz of 700 MHz Spectrum to Public Safety
(Voice + Wideband Data)
1996: Public Safety Wireless Advisory Committee Report
2005: US Digital TV Transition Date Set
2006: Alcatel-Lucent Proposes All-Broadband
Public Safety Data Block to FCC
2007: FCC adopts Broadband Data Block;
Proposes public-private network Public Safety Network (D-Block)
2008: D Block Auction Fails
2009: Waivers Filed for PS700 MHz Broadband Networks
September 11, 2001
Terrorist Attacks
2011: FCC Endorses LTE for Public Safety Broadband Block
2012: Congress Establishes FirstNet:
Nationwide Public Safety LTE Network
Alcatel-Lucent
Builds National
Capitol Region Bbnd
Network (cdma2000)
Bell Labs Report:
Commercial Bbnd for
Public Safety (2002)
≈
Alcatel-Lucent
Vice-Chair FirstNet
Interoperability Board

US PUBLIC SAFETY COMMUNICATIONS
CALLS TO ACTION
•  September 11, 2001
•  Lives lost due to lack of
public safety communications
interoperability
•  Response compromised
•  Hurricane Katrina, August 2005
•  Public safety response hampered
•  Lack of interoperability across
Federal, State, Local public safety
agencies
•  Inability to communicate with other
emergency responders (Red Cross,
power utility crews, …)
*”Answering the Call: Communications Lessons Learned from the Pentagon Attack”
‡“The 9/11 Commission Report”
https://apps.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-07-107A1.pdf

US PUBLIC SAFETY COMMUNICATIONS TODAY
• $Billions/year spent on a patchwork of outdated, overpriced
and incompatible systems
• Extensive use of proprietary technologies
• Project 25 “standard”
• One vendor controls vast majority of the US market
• Limited inter- and intra-vendor interoperability
• Proprietary extensions
• Large variety of frequency bands
• Interoperability “hacks”
Vendor A Vendor B
Interop
Gateway

•  Open standard
commercial
broadband
technology
•  Network built to
public safety
specifications in
dedicated spectrum
•  Common technology
nationwide
•  Real competition,
innovation
•  Interoperability as
expected in the commercial world
BELL LABS’ VISION FOR TRANSFORMING
PUBLIC SAFETY COMMUNICATIONS (2002)

FIRSTNET
FirstNet
SPECTRUM
•  Grants D-Block to Public Safety
(10 x 10 MHz Block)
GOVERNANCE
•  FirstNet is Independent US Federal Authority
•  FirstNet and States may establish
Public Private Partnerships, Spectrum/Network
Capacity Leases to fund operations
FUNDING
•  $7B Buildout
•  $135M Implementation Grants
•  $100M Public Safety R&D

PUBLIC SAFETY 700 MHz (US, CANADA)
746
60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69
752 758 764 770 776 782 788 794 800 806MHz
Narrowband
6 MHz
A
1
C
11 MHz
D
5 MHz
Guard1MHz
Broadband
5 MHz
B
1
Narrowband
6 MHz
A
1
C
11 MHz
D
5 MHz
Guard1MHz
Broadband
5 MHz
B
1
TV
Channels
LTE Downlink LTE Uplink
10 MHz 10 MHz
Narrowband/WB
8 MHz
D
5 MHz
Broadband
5 MHz
D
5 MHz
Broadband
5 MHz
C1
5 MHz
C2
5 MHz
C1
5 MHz
C2
5 MHz
Reserved1MHz
Guard1MHz
Reserved1MHz
Guard1MHz
Narrowband/WB
8 MHz
Public Safety Public Safety
Public Safety Public Safety
Canada in early planning stages Public Safety 700 MHz Broadband Network
Canada’s Spectrum Regulator
Studying Grant of additional
5x5 MHz to Public Safety

THE GLOBAL COMMERCIAL WIRELESS ECOSYSTEM
2013
$1T
Operator
Revenues
Operator Capital
Expenditures
$200B
($24B LTE)
3.2B
Subscribers
7.4B
Connections

LONG TERM EVOLUTION (LTE)
Voice Video Data+ +
Situational
Awareness
Operational
Effectiveness
Officer and
Public Safety

WHY LTE FOR PUBLIC SAFETY?
•  Land Mobile Radio technology roadmaps (Project 25, TETRA) do not
provide adequate support of video services
•  LTE Technology Advantages
•  Interoperability
•  Scale Economies: Devices, Networks, Applications
•  Lower costs, Broader ecosystem
•  R&D investments dwarf investments in
Land Mobile Radio
•  On-going technology evolution
•  New public safety features
•  Backward compatibility
•  Increasing data rates, new functionality,
spectral efficiency
Provided vendors don’t inject
proprietary features!
Public safety broadband networks
must maintain alignment with
commercial networks – evolving
at the same pace along the same
path – otherwise these
advantages disappear.

PUBLIC SAFETY LTE
GLOBAL ADOPTION
The tipping point has already been
crossed. LTE will be a critical
component of next-gen mission
critical communications networks

CONTRASTING REQUIREMENTS, OBJECTIVES
COMMERCIAL
NETWORKS
PUBLIC
SAFETY
NETWORKS
•  Outages undesirable
(impacts revenue)
•  Outages unacceptable
(impacts lives)
•  Design for busy hour •  Design for worst-case scenario
•  Large user base •  User base 2 orders of magnitude
smaller than commercial wireless
•  Predominantly person-to-person
communications
•  Predominantly team-based
communications
•  Population-based coverage •  Land Area-based coverage

PUBLIC SAFETY GRADE*
Alcatel-Lucent participated in the
writing of this report along with other
public safety, industry experts
*http://www.npstc.org/download.jsp?tableId=37&column=217&id=3066&file=Public_Safety_Grade_Report_140522.pdf
123-page report conveys the differences between
commercial and public safety networks
Site Hardening
•  Physical Security
•  Antenna Structure
•  Power
•  Enclosures
•  Environmental
Environment Events
•  Seismic Events
•  Wildfires
•  Flooding
•  Wind Events
•  Ice Storms
•  Power Grid Failures
Service Level
Agreements
Applications
Reliability and
Resiliency
Installation
Coverage Vehicles
Push to Talk Operations and Maintenance
Public safety grade requirements are significantly
more stringent than commercial grade

PUBLIC SAFETY GRADE LTE
NETWORK DESIGN W/ TODAY’S LTE + NETWORK EVOLUTION
Mission Critical
IP/MPLS Backbone
•  Geo-redundant core
Network Elements
•  Redundant
Backhaul
Links
Hardened Sites
•  Physical Security
•  Antenna Structure
•  Power
•  Enclosures
•  Environmental
•  Multiple, disjoint paths
•  MPLS Fast Re-Route
•  MPLS-Traffic Engineering
•  Hierarchical QoS
•  Virtual Private Networks
•  Prioritization
•  Preemption
•  Policy Management
•  Coverage
•  Group Communications
System Enablers
•  Mission Critical
Push to Talk over LTE
•  Hardened
devices
•  Isolated E-UTRAN
Operation for
Public Safety
Deployables
•  LTE Microcore
•  Satellite
•  Proximity
Services
Mission critical broadband
overlay network (Day 1)
Additional functionality
added as standards,
market evolve
Off-Net
R12
R13
R13
R13
3GPP Stage 3 Freeze Dates:
R12
R13
December 2014
March2016

LTE: PUBLIC SAFETY VOICE EVOLUTION
Unit-to-Unit
Voice
Small Group
Push-to-Talk
Large Group
Push-to-Talk
Mission Critical
Voice
Today
3GPP
Stage 3
Freeze:
Dec ‘14
3GPP
Stage 3
Freeze:
Mar ‘16
Group
Communication
System
Enablers
(R12)
LTE Proximity
Services (R13)
or
Dual Mode
LTE / LMR
device
3GPP Features typically
available in the field
~2 years after stage 3
freeze date – assuming
market demand
present
Requirement for mission critical
service is communications in the
absence of WAN connectivity.
A dual-mode device meets this
requirement.

SHARING MODELS IN MOBILE NETWORKS
Sites
Site
Sharing
• Site
• Tower
• Antenna
• Shelter
• Transmission
• Power
• Site Support
eNodeB
RAN Sharing
Multi-Operator
Core Network
Core
Core
Network
Sharing
Coverage
Network
Roaming
WWW
Site and RAN Sharing can significantly reduce critical communications network
CapEx and OpEx

COMMON REQUIREMENTS, OBJECTIVES
UTILITY
NETWORKS
PUBLIC
SAFETY
NETWORKS
(impacts lives)
(impacts lives)
•  Design for worst-case scenario •  Design for worst-case scenario
•  User base 2 orders of magnitude
•  User base 2 orders of magnitude
•  Team-based communications,
Machine-to-machine
•  Team-based communications,
Machine-to-machine
•  Land Area-based coverage •  Land Area-based coverage

RAN, SITE SHARING PARTNER OPTIONS
FILLING POTENTIAL FUNDING GAPS
•  Align with partners that have similar requirements
for critical communications reliability, security
•  Electric Power Utilities
•  Similar requirements for mission-critical communications
•  Utilities need mission critical broadband services, but don’t
have access to appropriate broadband spectrum
•  Utilities have hardened sites, backhaul links – reducing deployment cost and timeline
•  LTE’s network sharing features can be used to enforce Service Level Agreements for
utilities, public safety
•  Rapid restoration of power is essential for public safety
•  Builds larger ecosystem: lower device costs
•  Rail
•  Similar requirements for mission-critical communications
•  Coverage predominantly along rail lines, depots

LTE NETWORK SHARING
MULTI-OPERATOR CORE NETWORK
•  Shared Spectrum
•  Service Level Agreements
(Traffic Policing)
•  Backhaul Traffic Separation
-  Separate IPSec Tunnels for Utility
and Public Safety
•  Prioritization, QoS
Utility
Evolved
Packet Core
Network
Public Safety
Evolved
Packet Core
Network
S1-Flex
Because of operational and security
requirements, public safety and power
utilities should have separate core
networks
Scheduling, resource allocation in
RAN used to enforce Service Level
Agreements

UTILITY APPLICATIONS
WIDE AREA WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY
DER
storage EMS
Microgrid
Distributed
Generation
EV Charging Station
Mobile Workforce
DA
IED
PMU
Meter
RF Mesh, …
Meter
Concentrator
Advanced Metering
Infrastructure (AMI)
Transmission
and Distribution Lines
Data and Control Center
Substation
PMU
RTU/
IED
CCTV
Meter
Concentrator
National Public Safety
LTE
Radio Access Network
Utility
Core Network

THE US’s NATIONWIDE PUBLIC SAFETY LTE NETWORK THE GLOBAL ADOPTION OF LTE FOR NEXT-GEN MISSION-CRITICAL COMMUNICATIONS

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