Response To The Article, “Why Have There Been No Great...

Response to the Article, “Why Have There Been No Great...
Response to the Article, "Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?" During the height of the
feminist movement, Linda Nochlin confronted her audience with a bold question: Why have there
been no great women artists? On the surface, it is a tongue–in–cheek arrangement of words, purely
facetious, but I do not think Nochlin meant them that way. I think the question was genuine and
melancholy. Nochlin is one woman looking at the past with sad eyes, begging to understand why her
sisters were denied the opportunity to become great. One of Nochlin's theories is the renunciation of
the concept of artistic genius. I had not considered this before. Some are born great, and if it
happens to be more men than women, who will be the one to ... Show more content on
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An attempt to justify their actions–this may be why even '"successful women psychiatrists or
professors ... adopt some ultra–feminine item of clothing or insist on proving their prowess as pie–
bakers.'" (173)
"Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?" was written with a passion both intense and
familiar. Reading Nochlin's words, I found myself thinking, several times, "I'd always wondered the
same thing," or "I feel the same way." I even formulated some of my own thoughts on the subject,
responding to the title question with another, asking, "What makes an artist an artist?" Upsettingly, it
would seem it is not by her own choice or talent. It is decided by the world around her, including the
men and "social institutions." However, it would also appear that hope is always in reach for those
who will wake up and grab it. Nochlin left us with this stirring advice:
Disadvantage may indeed be an excuse; it is not, however, an intellectual position. Rather, using as
a vantage point their situation as underdogs in the realm of grandeur, and outsiders in that ideology,
women can reveal institutional and intellectual weaknesses in general, and at the same time that they
destroy false consciousness,
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Pablo Picasso : An Artist Of Great Renown
Pablo Picasso was a Spanish artist of great renown. He was famous for his work as a sculptor,
painter, ceramist, poet, and playwright. He was born in Spain but did most of his work in France. He
was one of the greatest artists of the 20th century and he was one of the founding fathers of the
cubist movement. His contributions include the collage and the constructed sculpture. Picasso,
Matisse, and Duchamp are the artists who defined the plastic arts. Picasso lived from 25 October
1881 to 8 April 1973. Picasso showed momentous talent as a child. He painted in a realistic manner
all through his childhood. His father has painter of some renown for his still life work. took him as
his apprentice and his talent became wonderfully evident. He ... Show more content on
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In 1897 his style of realism mixed with a Symbolist influence, resulting in a number of landscapes
painted in non–naturalistic violets and greens. What some refer to as his "Modernist" period (1899–
1900) came next. His intrest in the works of Rossetti, Steinlen, and Edvard Munch, along with his
admiration for El Grec oand the classics like him, led Picasso to a personal style of modernism in
his works of the period. Picasso made a voyage to Paris France in 1900.At the time Paris was the art
capital of Europe. After his arrival, he made a Parisian friend, journalist and poet Max Jacob. He
would help Picasso learn the language and become aquainted with the intricasies of french society .
They soon shared an apartment, They switched sleeping shifts with Max sleeping at night while
Picasso slept during the day and painted at night. The pair suffered greatly during this time period.
Much of Picasso 's work was burned in the fire that kept the apartment warm. During the first part
of 1901, Picasso stayed in Madrid, he and his anarchist friend Francisco de Asís Soler created the
magazine Arte Joven, they produced five issues. Soler worked on the articles and Picasso illustrated
the magazine, mostly grim cartoons depicting and dramatizing with the state of the poor. Issue
number one was published on 31 March 1901, by that time he signed himself Picasso; before that
point he had signed Pablo Ruiz y Picasso. There are several main phases of Picassos life and work.

Letters To A Young Artist Essay
Art is everywhere around the world. If an individual wants to become a great artist, then they create
numerous beautiful things. In order to achieve their goals and create great art, then an artist needs
knowledge and empathy. If someone wants to create great art, then an artist needs knowledge.
Knowledge is critical considering that it is part of becoming an artist is knowing and understanding
the position of an artist. Others may claim that a person need to go to college to understand the
position of a great artist, but that person need to understand the position to become a great artist. In
the text " Letters to a Young Artist," it mentioned that, "I believe that fundamental to becoming an
artist is understanding the position of an artist,

Analyzing Romare Bearden's 'The Family'
Khari Vanderbilt
Mr.Inguito
English 1C
October 13, 2014 Romare Bearden's "The Family" (1941) & "The Family (1975) Comparisons
Romare Bearden, a great artist that expresses many feelings throughout his photos. He expresses
different types of feelings and meanings through colors, background, character demeanor, and even
the posture of the characters in the picture. My favorite painting by Romare Bearden has to be "The
Family"(1941) due to the fact that I had a personal connection to the picture. I never knew of
Romare Bearden's other painting that related to this one which is "The Family"(1975). This is a
similar picture but the family isn't as depressed as the family in the first picture. This family doesn't
seem to be struggling and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
His frustration is visible in the expression on his face. He appears tired of her bothering him about
it, hence the hand. The child is showing a lot of white which can represent faith, I think the artist did
this to say that the baby is giving the family faith because they are trying to provide for their child
and in order to do that they need to be able to put food on the table which won't just only help the
baby but them as a whole. The woman may also symbolize strength that's why the artist made her
dress and lipstick red; she's fiery. She may help the husband maintain his sanity no matter how many
problems they are going through as a family. In the second picture, "The Family" (1975), it seems as
if it could be a picture of the same family but they are living a better life. In the previous picture
they only had a slice of bread on the table; in this picture they have a whole table of food. It appears
like they have a loaf a bread in which the man who is probably the father is cutting. The family also
has plates and cups at the table, when in the previous picture; all they had was a plate and a fork.
This may mean that the family has become more financially stable and are able to provide for the
family that was once struggling. The colors in this picture are brighter and more joyful than the first
picture. The first picture had dark colors such as dark blue, grey, black, which often

The Great Depression Through The Artist 's Eyes
In 1929, the Western industrialized countries succumbed to a bleak period of time known as the
Great Depression. This economic collapse, which persisted for ten long years, was preempted by the
stock market crash on Wall Street, buying on credit, supply and demand along with the Dust Bowl
of the Great Plains. During this economic state of crisis, the unemployment rate had risen from 3%
to 25%, almost 13 million Americans were jobless. Many people could not pay their rent or
mortgages. People were evicted into the world of public assistance and forced to wait in long
breadlines for free food. Suicide reached an all–time high. "No nation could emerge from the
cauldron of national crisis without profound social and cultural change" (Independence Hall
Association). Artwork is an expression of a feeling or idea that an artist portrays. It's an avenue of
communicating a moment in time. This paper will analyze four pieces of artwork representing the
Great Depression through the artist's eyes. Artistic styles will be explored along with discussion of
trade and exchange as depicted from the artwork. Regionalism is an American realist modern art
movement popular during the 1930s. Artists during this art movement shunned the city and the
rapidly developing technological advances, dubbed the Age of Progress, to focus on rural life
instead (Artinthepicture). The Regionalists view was to paint what was around them, what they
know and what they see. During the Great Depression

Linda Nochlin
Linda Nochlin's article discusses the question and theories that attempted to answer: "Why Have
There Been No Great Women Artists?". Nochlin dismisses the vast array of theories to answer the
question, from the extremely sexist to the feminist theories. On one side of the spectrum, the sexist
theory for why there are no great female artists is that human beings with wombs are unable to
create anything that is significant. On the other end of the spectrum, the feminist approach to
explain why there is are no great female artists is that women create a different kind of great art.
Nochlin dismisses both of these approaches to the question because they do not address the essence
of the question. In Nochlin's opinion, the issue with the question ... Show more content on
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There are many other examples of different arbitrary groups that do not have any greats, e.g. there
are no great Lithuanian jazz players or Eskimo tennis players. It is incorrect to say that these
examples do have greats, because it is a fact that they do not. In addition, in the same way that great
women writers, such as Sylvia Plath and Bronte's style of writing is comparable to that of their male
counterparts, women artists can be compared to men artists in their respective time

Linda Nochlin's Essay: Why Have There Been No Great Women...
Linda Nochlin's essay "From 1971: Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?" is an
enlightening piece that takes the reader through the reasons why, when we look in a textbook or at
the walls of a museum, there seem to have been no great women artists. Despite how many
feminists would be shocked at her conclusion, Nochlin asserts that there simply have been no great
women artists because education has failed to provide women with the same opportunities as men
have had over the years. She goes on to examine four key examples of how institutions of education
have failed to include women. Firstly, is the way academics have accepted the myth that male artists
have always had a mythological talent attributed to them. The second is that women's lack of
opportunity in education extended to the formal study of art, in particular the nude model. Finally,
women who have been recognized for their art have done so because they have had supportive
fathers, usually with a background in art, who have not allowed all institutional education to crush
their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the most poignant lines in her essay reads, "The fault, dear brothers, lies not in our stars, our
hormones, our menstrual cycles or our empty internal spaces, but in our institutions and our
education". Essentially, the lack of great art produced by women is not an issue inherent to the sex,
but one created by a society that refused to foster the education of women in the arts to a degree that
they could produce great art. She argues that because the question of why there have never been
women artists has been presented as a "problem" the issue has become convoluted. Rather than
justifying themselves, Nochlin believes women need to focus on changing the societal institutions
that re–enforce gender roles as normal and

Summary Of Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists
In 1971, Linda Nochlin issued her article "Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists? This
idea of aesthetic genius, says Nochlin, is fiction. Art is rarely produced entirely by the artist for the
idea of personal expression. Few identifiers in contemporary art have been as fraught as the term
feminist art. What does it mean, who defines it, and how does it relate to past accomplishments of
the feminist movement? Instead, if we look at art as the total of toleration and production and
purpose, we see that there was a whole system in place that excluded women from creating the type
of work that made artists like Michelangelo and Raphael famous. So, why haven't there been any
great women artists? Nochlin's answer is two–fold: first, the myth of artistic genius, which has been
a part of art writing since Pliny, makes it seem that anyone with true artistic gifts would naturally
make ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If she stays true to this ideal, then she cannot find time to do anything beyond the walls of her
house. Ultimately, Nochlin highlights external influences as the reasons behind the lack of great
women artists. The problem is within the system itself, not within the individual. Another effort to
answer the question suggests changing the ground somewhat and asserting, as some modern
feminists do. That there is a distinct kind of greatness for women's art, thereby assuming the
presence of a characteristic and recognizable feminine style, distinctive both in its formal and its
strong qualities and based on the distinctive character of women's situation and experience. There
are no great women artists because women are incapable of greatness. Nochlin says that society
often restricts women and their freedom to live life and learn freely. It is said that drawing nude
models is one of the most difficult tasks in art. So if women were denied to even try such a
challenge, then how can they excel as

The Great Artists Of The Conceptual Art Movement
When one thinks of Art the most popular image is of great works, famous for their visually pleasing
and intellectually rousing qualities. These works, aside from being visually and intellectually
stimulating, have been used to challenge and encourage an audience to think about what it's
representing in flexible and open–minded ways, this is usually done by shocking the audience out of
their "complacency" when viewing artworks. The great artists of the Conceptual Art movement
especially emphasised this by focusing more on the concept behind a piece than the art itself. Three
particular artists that are famous for challenging audiences with their work include Marcel Duchamp
(1887–1968), Jenny Holzer (1950–present) and Ai WeiWei (1957–present). Even though these three
artists are part of different times, countries, political and cultural movements, they all use their
works to confront and challenge every part of their audience including critics, the media and the
general public.
Marcel Duchamp is widely considered as one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, his
early works saw him in the Post–Impressionist movement however his want for art to be in the
service of the mind saw his move away from that style of art. He was a French, sculptor, painter and
writer whose work is associated Dada and with being the precursor to conceptual art. Duchamp
spent nearly his whole art career challenging his audiences to think about what art really is. "His
critical examination

The Great Artists And Inventors During The 15th And 16th...
Dani Roz May 5, 2015
There have been many great artists and inventors during the 15th and 16th century, but none of them
are not as great or as known as Leonardo Da Vinci. Leonardo Da Vinci's intelligence allowed him to
create and invent things that none of the other inventors could make or even think of. Da Vinci
painted some of the most magnificent and priceless paintings such as the Mona Lisa and The Last
Supper. Da Vinci was also an inventor; he would write down all of his ideas and test some of the
out. Some of these inventions play a big part of life today; these inventions include the airplane,
helicopter, scuba gear, machine gun and plans for the military. Leonardo Da Vinci was an amazing
artist, writer, mathematician and inventor who created things well before his time. (History.com)
Leonardo Da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452, in Vinci, Italy. His father Ser Petro and his
stepmother raised Da Vinci because his birth mother was a peasant. When he was around the age of
14, his father saw that he had a unique artistic talent and he obtained him an internship with a
painter/sculpture named Andrea del Verrocchio. After six years of learning the artistic skills he
needed, Da Vinci was able to leave Andrea del Verrocchio and start a career of his own, Da Vinci
started his own workshop. (Bio.com)
Leonardo Da Vinci is known throughout the world for many of his creations, but he is arguably
most known for his two most famous painting, the Mona

Makeup Artist Research Paper
Makeup artistry is like icing on a cake, it accentuates the natural beauty of the base by adding eye–
catching decor. A makeup artist is an artist who uses mediums on the human body by applying
makeup and prosthetics for theatre, film, fashion, and other similar productions related to the
modeling industry. For centuries, both males and females have used makeup to alter their
appearance or enhance their own features. Makeup artists do the behind the scenes work backstage
that then transfers over to the camera. Even though an individual is not able to see the action right in
front of them, the job of a makeup artist has much importance. The field is very competitive, but the
career is rewarding, beneficial, and most importantly, fun. A makeup ... Show more content on
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This industry has the highest demand for makeup artists since new movies and television shows are
premiering what seems like every other day. Whether it be a photo–shoot or a movie, all areas
involving a camera and someone in front of it, a makeup artist is essential. A huge benefit to being a
makeup artist is that they have a large diversity of fields to select from. These fields include runway,
print, red carpet, theatre, bridal, and independent. This provides more job opportunities from local
cities and even in different countries across the globe in certain fields. Since there is more than just
one field, artists have the opportunity to receive tons of experience in a wide variety of jobs in this
career, which is an excellent way to build up ones résumé. The career of a makeup artist can be very
competitive. Everyone's able to do the same looks, but who has the most creativity and that specific
factor that stands out from the others? How does a client know if the artist is even good at what they
do? This is where social media has come in and provided a huge outlet for makeup artists to post
their work, interact with clients, and build a following. YouTube specifically is a great form of
social media to

Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists
"Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?" by Linda Nochlin revolves around and aims to
propose an answer to the question "Why have there been no great women artists?" It is obvious that
there have been notable women artists in history, but their names do not hold as much weight as
their male counterparts. Therefore, Nochlin argues that just listing women artists with many
achievements is not a good enough way to answer the question she poses. Instead, she examines the
societal influences and the stigmas that surrounded art culture in the distant and fairly recent past
that that has greatly swayed how women are viewed in the realm of art. One of the first things that
Nochlin does is address the many detrimental stereotypes and beliefs that

Jk Simmons And Character Clash
Tyler Christiansen/ Section A/ Whiplash/ Peter Stone
A young actor can learn a lot from the performances of JK Simmons and Miles Teller in Whiplash.
Throughout the film each actor clearly had an understanding of not only who their character was,
but what their character's overall objective was. Building character is essential to a great
performance and by watching this film I could easily tell each actor did the proper preparation it
took to get a better understanding who Fletcher and Andrew were. These actors are a great example
of what we, as actors, should be striving for when we begin to analyze a new character.
The chemistry between Simmons and Teller on screen was incredible, and I believe a huge portion
of that was due to their comprehension of their characters. A factor that played a great part between
these two characters was the idea of high status and low status. Fletcher is clearly the high status
character, holding the power to make or break Andrew's life–long dream. Simmons plays this part of
Fletcher quite clearly through his physical and vocal choices. His movement is very meticulous,
almost as if he's constantly thinking about every move he makes. His posture is tall and overbearing,
often ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As an actor I tend to do really well in low status roles. It's difficult for me to play someone who's
intimidating, due to my smaller stature, and my hesitance when it comes to emotionally connecting
to my anger and letting myself let go and be big and bold. However I do excel at connecting
emotionally to anxiety or nervousness and I believe because my usual soft spoken voice it's much
easier for me to truthfully play a character like Andrew. Ideally I would like to be able to play both
of them and I think in the future I would be able to approach both roles with such honesty as
Simmons and

Leonardo Da Vinci: An Influential Renaissance Artist
During, the Renaissance there were many great artist like Leonardo Da Vinci, Raphael, Donatello,
and Michelangelo. Although there were many great artist, Leonardo Da Vinci was the most
significant Renaissance artist. In the paragraphs below you will know why Leonardo Da Vinci was
the most significant artist he was very talented and bright.
One reason why he was the most significant Renaissance artist is in the "Leonardo DBQ," it says
"Leonardo had become a master in the painters guild in Florence. Besides masterpieces, Leonardo
made scientific studies,dissections,observations,and research on engineering and anatomy." That
evidence proves that he was very talented and bring because not everyone can do the work
Leonardo Da Vinci did. Another

Does An Artist Always Need Empathy And Knowledge Analysis
Does an artist always need empathy and knowledge? An artist should be able to use their
imagination. Artist should not stress or over think when making art, It should come from
imagination and what goes on in their head. They are making art, not writing a school essay. They
Don't always need knowledge or empathy. A person does not need extravagant supplies to become a
great artist. They could use household supplies to be great. Critics may claim to become a great
artist you should begin with an inexpensive sketchbook with lots of pages, and a sketching set that
includes kneaded putty eraser and different grades of graphite pencils. It may also include charcoal
pencils, charcoal sticks, graphite sticks and brown, gray, or reddish sketching sticks. In the story it
states, " We are going to make paper into faces and garbage into people." This shows that in the
process of making good art you should not need the all these things. To become a great artist A
person does not need to have the best and most expensive supplies. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Albert Einstein once said "Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere."
He was one of the smartest person in the world and thought imagination was key, and could guide
you to things you might have never know you could do. In the From the story " Zebra " he saw
himself doing something he didn't know he could, "Using strips of cloth, some lengths of string,
crumpled newspaper, his pen, and his one hand, he swiftly transformed the battered doll into a red
nosed, umbrella–carrying clown, with baggy pants, a tattered coat, a derby hat, and a somber smile.
Turning over the battered frying pan, he made it into a pedestal, on which he placed the clown."
This all shows that If someone puts their mind to it they can achieve good

Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists Analysis
In her essay, "Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?", Linda Nochlin analyzes how
women struggle to find their place in an art world dominated by white men that sets social and
institutional restrictions that hinder a woman's ability to become perceived as a genius or great.
Nochlin provides two examples of answers to her question, "Why Have There Been No Great
Women Artists?" The first answer attempts to "dig up examples of worthy... women artists
throughout history" in order to prove that there were great women artists and that they were merely
being overlooked. The first response does not answer the question, but rather provides an
enrichment of women's art history by attempting to provide examples of great women artists. The
answer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The prerequisite that one needed to be a white male, all the great artists of the period fit this
description, raises the suspicion that there is not a woman problem, but rather an issue with the
system in place. The patriarchal social condition helped to reinforce the institutional limitations,
which did not allow women to take part in drawing from the nude. This restriction affected a
woman's ability to gain the skill needed to design great art and become an artistic genius. Nochlin's
criticisms of American and European society are still relevant today, women are still given an
unequal chance in the art community. Modern female artists are continually critiqued harsher,
especially if their artwork strays from what is deemed as an appropriate feminine piece, such as one
that deals with serious political matters. Another limitation is the fact that women are mostly kept in
front of the canvas as a muse rather than allowed behind it as an artist. These examples reinforce the
ideas that Nochlin discusses regarding historical art injustices which one can still see

Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists Summary
In a world dominated by white men it can be hard for a woman to get her name out there, and get
the recognition she deserves. In Linda Nochlin's essay "Why Have There Been No Great Women
Artists?" she points of the major reasons why women are not given credit for their accomplishments
within their craft. Past feminist bring up some pretty inadequate explanations for the "inability of
human beings with wombs rather then penieses to create anything significant" in art (147). They
first attempt to "dig up examples of worthy or insufficiently appreciated women artists throughout
history" this does nothing to answer the question considering these woman are not considered 'great'
just noteworthy. Secondly. they attempt to justify gender social ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Nochlin explains that in history both aristocrats and women could not devote full time to art, that it
was seen as more of a hobby, "the amount of time necessarily devoted to social functions, the very
kind of activities demanded–simply made total devotion to professional art production out of the
question, indeed unthinkable, both for upper–class males and for women generally" (157). Perhaps
their social class is what led them to not be known as a great artist simply because they did not have
the time to completely devote themselves to art. Social institutions also play a role in either
hindering or helping an artist's success. This is seen in Nochlin's example of the question of the
nude. Nochlin goes on to talk about, "social institutions and what they forbid or encourage in
various classes or groups of individuals." (158). Nochlin uses the very simple yet vital issue of the
availability of the nude model. She goes on to talk about how women, unlike men, were not allowed
to be in life drawing classes and even if they were that the models had to be partially covered. This
social institution only hindered women artists in not giving them the equal opportunities males

The Delicate Relationship Between Artist And Artwork
M. Sanders
Aesthetics
10 December 2014 The delicate relationship between artist and artwork is one that seems so
intensely personal that it _____. In spite of this intimacy, the positive or negative actions of an artist
or the responses elicited from their works are assessed by the eyes of the public– usually in hopes of
locating a correlation between the two. This begs the most direct question of whether or not it's
possible to separate art from the artist. Within this dispute, more complex and dark arguments exist.
Picasso and Pulanski, two revolutionary figures in their own mediums, are not better–known for
their alleged crimes. Their names carry a certain weight in their association with some questionable
conduct during their own respective eras: adultery and abuse in one scenario, and pedophilia in
another. Alas, it is heard to say if these factor into these artist's profound contributions to the
artworld. More difficult is understanding which audiences place the most emphasis on these crimes
in regard to the works being judged, and why. If no one else, it is hoped that critics are able to make
the distinction between aesthetic masterpieces and the failable human nature of their creators. Non–
experts might have an understandably difficult time in breaking apart the two, plainly because they
are not normally asked to. Without justifying the any unfavorable action of any artist, a concession
can made that great artists of whatever variety seem to be wired

Where Are The Great Women Artists?
Where Are The Great Women Artists? Take sixty seconds to write down all the male artists you
know of. Now take sixty seconds to write down all the female artists you know of. The chances are
that your first list produced far more artists than your second. Perhaps you have some token women
artists such as Georgia O'Keeffe and/or Frida Kahlo in your list. Why do these lists generate more
male names than female? Are females incapable of the becoming great artists? Do they have a
different kind of greatness? Or, as the feminist art historian Linda Nochlin suggests in her ground–
breaking article Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?, there are no great women artists;
no female version of Picasso or Van Gogh, because they simply haven't been allowed to be great.
Throughout history women have been seen as the exception to the rule that artists are men. While
conditions have improved, women are still excluded from galleries, museums, textbooks, and
overall are not granted the same privileges as male artists. Many people insist that today women are
granted equality in the art world, yet textbooks solely on 'women artists' exist; instead of integrating
women into the general history of art there is a whole separate section for them. Instead of simply
calling everyone artists terms such as 'woman–artist' exist. World renowned museums such as the
Museum of Modern Art and the Metropolitan Museum of Art insist that they have 'integrated
women into their collection', yet the

The Middle Ages Was A Great Era For Artists And They...
The middle ages
The Middle Ages was from the end of the Fifth Century through 1485. After the collapse of the
Roman Empire, the economy was in shambles and many towns were abandoned. After several
centuries of Germanic invasion, new cultures and people emerged, developing into predatory
kingdoms that competed for power. After a while, a great artistic culture flourished under the
Anglo–Saxons, producers, epic poems, "Beowulf" and sophisticated metalwork. The middle Ages
was a great era for artists and they produced great artistic works that???
Society:
The middle ages were like a system of hierarchy where different people fit into different levels and a
pyramid based on their family, strength, or gender. At the top of the pyramid was the king. He was
the most important person in medieval society and was protected by his men and knights. The king
ruled over many lands and gave part of his land to Lords.
Next on the pyramid were the Knights. The Knights were warriors who were taught to protect the
king and in return were given land. Only the sons of Lords could become Knights and they had to
start at the young age of seven and at the age of thirteen they would become squires and at twenty–
one, they would be fully Knights.
Next were noble men and noble women. Noble women were wives and daughters of noblemen.
Their job was to be housewives and take care of their family.
Bishops were the leaders of the church. They had a lot of authority because the churches played a

Great Women Artists
In the Article, "Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?" Linda Nochlin first talks about
the usual answers to this question. The first one is the "the rarity of female artists is in fact an
illusion" because there have been plenty of great female artists who have been ignored and later–on
their work has disappeared from history. She does not believe that history has been manipulated
enough to have completely remove female artist from history then, the second response to this
question is that female skills in art is different from male skills because a woman's experience in life
is very different from that of a man. She also argues that this could be considered true if somehow
the work of female artists shared some attributes in contrast ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The theme in both is feminine innocence, exposed to the world. It is the charming vulnerability of
the young woman artist, like that of the hesitating model, which is really the subject of Osborn's
painting, not the value of the young woman's work or her pride in it: the issue here is, as usual,
sexual rather than serious. The difficulties imposed by such demands on the women artist continue
to add already difficult enterprise even today. Compare, for example, the noted contemporary,
Louise Nevelson, with her combination of utter, "unfeminine" dedication to her work and her
conspicuously "feminine" false eyelashes; her admission that she got married at seventeen "24 Even
in the case of these two outstanding artists–and whether we like "The Horse Fair" (which painted in
1855) or not, we still admire Rosa Bonheur's professional achievement–the voice of the feminine
mystery with its collection of uncertain selfishness and shame, and total inner confidence, that
absolute self–determination, moral and creativity, demanded by the highest and most innovative
work in

The Painting Of The Secret By Jackson Pollock Is Good Art
Art is much more than throwing paint on a canvas, and saying here is a painting worth millions. Art
takes time. Paintings and thing like such requires time for the process of thinking and creating each
piece of work. Art also requires patience. When creating beautiful pieces of art, the artist needs to be
able to have patience while working. Art is not just something anyone can do. Art requires much
time and patience to be considered good art. The painting Guardians of the Secret by Jackson
Pollock is good art. Good art involves taking a lot of time to prepare and actually do the work. To
create a piece of art that is good, the artist must take time to prepare an image of what he or she
wants to paint or make. On top of the time to prepare, the artist must take time to actually create the
piece of art as well. The time it takes to prepare may or may not be as long as the time to create the
piece of art is. However, the time spent on preparing and actually doing can be seen in the actual art.
Time is very important when considering a painting or any piece of art. A home owner looking to
add art to his or her house will want something that an artist has spent a significant amount of time
on. People are very concerned with how much time the artist spends on his or her painting. The
Guardians of the Secret shows the artist, Jackson Pollock, has spent a significant amount of time on
this painting. The painting has little details to it that requires more time then what a

Empathy And Knowledge In Letters To A Young Artist
What does being an artist mean to you? Without answering this question spectators need to know
what an artist is. An artist is a person who practices any of the various creative arts, such as a
sculptor, novelist, poet, or filmmaker. To perform great art, an artist needs empathy. Other people
may think that an artist doesn't need empathy and knowledge to perform great art, but it clearly is
that an artist does need empathy and knowledge to perform great art. An artist does need knowledge.
The author from the excerpt "Letters to a Young Artist" wants to tell us to choose wisely while
picking a mentor because it can affect an artist work and it'll make them improve on what they're
working on. In the excerpt "Letters to a Young Artist" states, " You seek them out, or sometimes
they declare themselves as your mentor. So I'd say that as you begin to seek mentorship, be creative
about where you look. Look in unlikely places. It will enrich your work." Critics claim that an artist
doesn't need knowledge to create great art work. To sum up, an artist needs knowledge to perform
great art, but critics may think that an artist doesn't need knowledge to perform great art. An artist
does need empathy. The author wants to let us know ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The author wants to let the spectators know that without trial and error they'll never learn off of their
mistakes. That the artist needs to practice their position and understand which avenue they want to
take their career. In the excerpt " Letters to a Young Artist" it states, "Well, I believe that
fundamental to becoming an artist is understanding the position of an artist, rehearsing that position,
and practicing the position." Other people might say that to create great art work you need empathy
and knowledge but it clearly is that you need to be born with it. To sum up, an artist needs to fail
and learn off of their mistakes in order to reach there

Two Great Renaissance Artists
Two Great Renaissance Artists
The Renaissance period is known as a period of the rebirth of Greek ideas. The works of this time
were more individualized and the artists had more artistic freedom then were allowed in the
Medieval or middle Ages. Two of the greatest individuals of the Renaissance time period were
Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo. Not only was Da Vinci a great artist, he was also the best in
many fields other than art. "Leonardo is often viewed as the archetype of the "Renaissance Man"
because of his expertise and interest in many different areas, including art, science, music,
mechanics, the arts of war, politics, philosophy, and nearly every other subject that mattered"
(Wikibooks, 2010). Michelangelo Buonarroti ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While most other artists idealized everything, he wanted to paint what he actually saw. He studied
people on the streets and things in nature which, to him, were the most beautiful things.
Leonardo da Vinci was and is renowned primarily as a painter and the works of art that Leonardo
left behind are very few. He left us numerous masterpieces that we still study and marvel at today,
but he never completed a statue and has only about a dozen finished paintings. He left behind many
anatomical and mechanical drawing and thousands of sketches (Plumb, 1961). One such
masterpiece, the 16th century oil painting of the Mona Lisa, also referred to as 'La Giaconda', is
considered by the art world to be one of his most famous works. It is the most famous and most
parodied portrait. The history of the Mona Lisa has long garnered much attention and stirred
controversy with regard to the identity of the woman who sat for the painting.
This painting is so special because of the type of color that Da Vinci created. This type of painting is
called Sfumato, which is a type of shading that allowed him to shade differently (Phaidon, 1994).
The color is a darker Hue, which also makes the painting even more interesting and Da Vinci has
used a large amount of warm color. The lines in this painting are very precise and on point. The
Mona Lisa has a geometric shape to it, the woman being the center focusing point in the painting.
This

Langston Hughes Literary Devices
Langston Hughes' central argument in "The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain" is that the black
artist must not be afraid of being himself–that is, of being black. In fact, the truly great black artist
will use the experiences and culture of his people, and particularly of the lower–class black masses,
as material and inspiration for his art. The great black artist will not want to be white but will
recognize that he is black, and that black is beautiful, and he will not care what either white or black
people think about his affirmation of self and race. Yet beneath this argument's confident prose lies
another claim which is more subtly rendered: the idea that individuality, for the black artist, is not
solely personally individual, not individual ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While Hughes's concept may seem paradoxical in his telling of it, it is realized to coherence and
beauty by Brown's poem. Perhaps the question now may turn to why racial individuality, while
firmly laid out and nearly mandated by Hughes for the black artist who will be "truly great," is
necessary, and if it is at all. Must the black artist choose to depict his own people, rather than no
people at all, or the great masses of all humanity? Yet Brown's eloquent persistence in telling a story
that is rarely realized in formal poetry (unless we count the blues as poetry) seems quite important,
even necessary, to Brown's self–realization and to the spirit of the Harlem Renaissance in general.
And at its core, Hughes's argument is not so much a mandate for the black artist as it is a mantra of
self–acceptance and self–love: "Why should I want to be white? I am a Negro–and beautiful"
(Hughes). Thus Brown, with "Ma Rainey," shows himself to be in the radical process of black self–
love and self–acceptance, combining self–expression and racial consciousness into racial
individuality: he becomes a "truly great" black

The Effect of Social Media and the Digital Age on New and...
Social Media and Music: The Effect of Social Media and the Digital Age on New and Independent
Artists
Traditionally, artists have had to beat down the doors of big name record companies to get their
records heard in the hopes of getting a recording contract. Social media pervades all aspects of
youth culture functioning as a one–stop shop for popular culture. At any time the trending topics on
Twitter range from the latest news or a character from a popular television show.
With the growing popularity of social media, artists are well equipped for success in a digital age
using non–traditional methods. Sites like YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, Spotify and iTunes, make
music accessible to anyone with an Internet connection. Social Media ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The way that artists communicate on social networks like Twitter can reinforce their brand and the
image that artist wants to project. Social media also gives new and upcoming artists a greater chance
of being discovered. YouTube, Twitter, Bandcamp and Soundcloud are really effective tools for new
artists to share their music and to build a fan base. Justin Bieber's career is a great example of the
influence of social media. Beiber started with a few videos on YouTube and was noticed by
producer Scooter Braun. At the peak of YouTube's popularity, Bieber posted several videos and
before long, had over 10 million views and was signed by Usher and Island Def Jam. Currently,
Justin Bieber is the top trending topic on Twitter. Bieber still uses Twitter to interact with his fans,
announcing appearances and tour dates.
Artists will get the most out of social networks by taking advantage of the services they offer and
still pursue some routes artists traditionally take. The present state of the industry promotes
competition within the industry because there is so much music out there and so much of it is
available for free. However, the influence of social media presents a great opportunity for artists to
pursue a career in the music industry, generating their own revenue through tours and digital sales.
In this age, there is a greater incentive for artists to start independent careers because they can make
money by

American Art Before and After World War Ii
American Art before and after World War II
Marty Rieth
ARTS/125
June 27, 2016
Sarah Baer
American Art before and after World War II
The objective for the following paper is to discuss issues concerning American art before and after
World War II. The discussion will include an examination of the artwork of three artists. Two artists
will have worked during the Great Depression and one artist will have been an Abstract
Expressionist. In discussing the artists' work, a description of each work and its style will be
included. An examination into the Great Depression and the purpose of artwork created during that
time, whether they were tools for social reform, and other types of messaging that were present in
the works will be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The painting includes a woman and a man with a house in the background. The woman is clothed in
appears to be an apron and she has a look on her face that resembles a look someone has when they
are mad. The man is clothed in overalls and holding a pitchfork as if telling the viewer to go to
work. The house is of Gothic architecture with flowers on the porch that is meant to represent the
idea if you want something you have to work for it.
Purpose of Artwork The Great Depression caused artists to create images that depicted a society of
individuals who were hard workers. Images were set in an atmosphere that was, both, recognizable
and relatable. Art was being created by all races therefore the government realized the impact it was
having and they sought to promote social reform. During this time industry executives wanted to
convey a message to society that they had the workers best interest at heart. Artists used murals to
depict images of trade, industry, and mill work. These workers were influenced by the murals
because it was something that made them feel like they were respected. This respect had a positive
impact and therefore was a contributing factor to social reform.
Conclusion
Creations of art during The Great Depression couldn't have been more perfect than the works by
Maynard Dixon and Grant Wood. In a style dubbed social realism Maynard Dixon created
Springtime on Bear Mountain which depicted flat land in the foreground with

Review Of ' The Defense Of Cover Songs '
Don Cusic argues in his article, "In Defense of Cover Songs," that cover artists should be awarded
the same legitimacy as songwriters, while critics believe otherwise, saying that singers should write
their own music. Cusic believes that being a cover artist does not take away any credibility from he
or she as an artist. Cover songs have existed for just as long as original music and they prove to be
an outlet for singers who are not able to write their own songs. Even great music legends such as
Ella Fitzgerald and Elvis Presley have created cover songs. Cover songs are so relevant because
they are still currently taking place in the time that is lived in today. This article is able to shed light
on this topic. Cusic is pioneer in Music ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cusic then lets the reader know that cover songs are able to be hits in several genres at once, even
though they are not performed by the same artist.
Then, Cusic asserts that a cover song is a history lesson for a new audience that has never heard the
original song. These new songs and hits are able to generate new revenue from their sales and they
also generate a new market for cover artists. Cover songs are also beneficial because listeners enjoy
hearing a new artist perform familiar music to get them acquainted with that artist. Cusic also goes
on to explain how buyers may feel cheated when they buy an entire album, buy they only enjoy the
hit single. He then states that just because an artist has added is or her own written songs on an
album, it does not mean that those songs will be his or her strongest. Cusic now informs the reader
that there have been songwriters who write songs specifically for other artists to sing. There have
even been artists who have accepted their talents as a singer and not a songwriter, not feeling the
need to be a co–writer on their albums. He then moves on to say that if an artist is caught in a time
warp, he or she should find great recordings to cover. Doing so does not make he or she any less of
an artist. Little Richard was not given the recognition that he deserved due to the segregation of the
times. Instead, singers who covered his songs received the credit. Singers have

Thierry Guetta's Exit Through The Gift Shop
A handheld camera is used by Thierry Guetta throughout the course of the film. He uses the
handheld camera to capture the street art that he sees. Thierry Guetta shows great enthusiasm and
interest in the street art. He tells Shepard Fairy that he intends to use the footage from is camera to
create a documentary about street art. They both travel together through the United States, and they
start filming other people who are street artists. However Thierry Guetta does not have any real
intention in doing so. He will not create a compilation from the footage, and he hardly ever watch
his recorded videos. These recorded videos show how the people in the movie were like. They were
more real to the audience than just having actors playing these ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These interviews allow the audience to understand what the artists are like, and why do they do the
things they do. These interviews also gives its authenticity when the street artist discuss their
motivations and emotions they have while they create their art. At one point of the film, a street
artist is being interviewed. His name is John Tsombikos and he started the graffiti campaign that
goes by the name of Borf. The name of his graffiti campaign was not made up by John. It was
actually a nickname for Booby Fisher, who was a childhood friend of John Tsombikos. John states
that his motivation for his art lies in the memory of his best friend who had cut down his own life
His art is great value to him on an emotional level. John was able to create masterpieces through the
pain of his loss. The interview he gave to Thierry Guetta provided the audience a basis on how close
an artist can be with his art. People might have different opinions on what these street artists do.
However they should look past the stereotype on street artists. They should instead look on why
these street artists do these pieces of

Empathy And Knowledge
Why is empathy and knowledge needed in becoming a great artist? Many great artists have empathy
that they can incorporate into their work and have the knowledge to do it well. They need empathy
to feel as others and put that emotion into art. Artists need knowledge from mentors so they'll be
able to understand more of what they're doing. A person needs knowledge and empathy to create
great art. To become a great artist they need empathy. People need to be able to feel as others and
feel things about others. Having empathy creates a greater imagination, that imagination comes in
when an individual starts creating art. The art made is based off of emotions, thoughts or whatever
really comes to mind. It is often thought artists don't always need empathy and knowledge to be a
great artist. The desire to become one might be enough to make somone into a great artist. On page
124, Smith states "You can control your opinions and judgements long enough to watch, listen, and
feel. You store what you've learned and do what you will with what you gathered." This proves that
great artists need empathy to be a great artist. Great artists need knowledge as well because they
have to have an understanding of what they're doing. They need to learn that they don't have to
compete for who has the better art. People ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Older and wiser mentors really help with broadening your work and making it more creative and
diverse. People that are like minded and around the same age group or generation are also very
important when educating each other on art. This way artists can bounce their ideas off each other
and they would understand what you're trying to show or create. Anna Smith says "I am a firm
believer in crossing generations to find mentorship and inspiration and a sense of furthering the
craft" on page 129. This shows that mentors play a key role in great artists'

Of Linda Nochlin's Essay Why Have There Been No Great...
In 1971 Linda Nochlin published an essay titled 'Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?'
which attacked the widely accepted ideology regarding female artists and their lack of success in the
art world. She states that there are no women equivalents to that of Michelangelo, Rembrandt,
Cezanne, Matisse, Pollock, or de Kooning. She goes on to explain that "The fault, dear brothers, lies
not in our stars, our hormones, our menstrual cycles or our empty internal spaces, but in our
institutions and our education ... everything that happens to us from the moment we enter this world
of meaningful symbols, signs and signals." In this post WWII era, women were not inferior because
they were born lesser, they were inferior because gender roles were ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In the essay she mentions both Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning in her as examples of
modern–day "greats." However, she directly says that there were no "great" female artists of the
era–completely dismissing the work being done at that time by Elaine De Kooning, Lee Krasner,
and Grace Hartigan. It is unclear whether this dismissal is purposeful or Nochlin was simply
unaware of their existence, but it does prove that female Abstract Expressionists were either
nowhere near the level of fame their male counterparts were at, or, simply not considered "great"
due to the clash between their gender and postwar societal expectations. Kathleen Housley wrote,
"When the chance of finding acceptance by a large segment of the art collecting world was remote,
there was little competition among artists, male or female... It was only when the door began to
crack open that the gender of the artist began to play a prominent role. Suddenly, if one were to be
considered influential, maleness mattered, and aggressive artistic characteristics that were perceived
to be masculine became valorized." The Abstract Expressionist movement would come to represent
the pathology of postwar

A great artist, Eugene Delacroix, once said, “What moves...
A great artist, Eugene Delacroix, once said, "What moves men of genius, or rather what inspires
their work, is not new ideas, but their obsession with the idea that what has already been said is still
not enough." This famous saying, highlights one of the reasons art or even a single painting is so
important. Art is more than shapes and colors; art brings about so much more meaning. It expresses
life, history, beauty, and morals. It shows beliefs and contributes to the many reasons that make a
human being, a human. Art represents past, present, and future. An ancient painting that was made
over 500 years ago could have all the meaning in the world. It shows what life was back then, how
humans have evolved since, and how humans ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She is elegantly dressed and in this painting is shown as the goddess who protects and cares for the
institution of marriage. The Primavera and the Birth of Venus were both believed to be made for the
Botticelli's friends, the Medici family, a Florentine family made up of Lorenzo Di' Medici who was
ruler of Florence and Cosimo Di' Medici who was known for opening the first public library in
Europe in 1444. Botticelli's artistic and financial highpoint was reached during his middle years
when he had contacts, money and fame as a result of the Medici family's patronage. Botticelli was
self–confident and completely at peace with his work, fellow Italian painter Giorgio Vasari claimed
about Botticelli that, "he loved beyond measure" (Lightbown 17), and that his affections were
absorbed by his family and his artwork by mysteries of religion and Greek Mythology. One of the
unusual depictions of Botticelli's early work at the time was that it was all based off mythologies
and not religious paintings which must have been a shock to people outside of the Humanist circle.
Botticelli's work is very sophisticated and feminine. Botticelli loved to make his paintings beautiful
in that fantasy kind of way, "Botticelli was an individual in an age of belligerent singularities.
Extraordinarily gifted, and thoroughly trained in the studio of Fra Filippo Lippi, the healthy monk,
he passed on to the influence of Pollaiuolo, from whom he learned the new secrets of bodily

Linda Nochlin
Linda Nochlin's arguments against calling artists great, and how this negatively affects women as
creators of art boils down to a muddling of facts and glorification of the legendary aspects of the
artists' lives and works. Women's limited academic access, status, and gender expectations served as
a short leash that allowed them, at best, to create pale reflections of what their male contemporaries
would become famous for.
Before mentioning the limitations faced by female artists, the problematic usage of the word great
must first be explained. Great artists, as mentioned by Linda Nochlin, are the stuff of legend. These
artists, always male, are often found in shepherd's fields attending flocks and showing an advanced
artistic skill far beyond their years. This legendary status, this greatness, assigned to these male
artists doesn't extend to their female counterparts. Lack of this "genius", as it has been called, is
seemingly proved by a lack of "anything of exceptional significance" created by female artists.
Taking this at face value, it would seem this greatness does indeed exist, but facts must be taken into
consideration: it is the artist's background and society's standards for said artist that leads to an artist
being deemed great or simply ignored. With this in mind, Linda Nochlin then examines what
women artists ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These models, at least in public art schools, were always male, as were the students until 1893.
Women, who wanted to be "great artists", would either be denied the ability to practice what was
deemed an essential skill, or would receive a gendered version of the lesson via draped models.
Nochlin, thus concludes that being denied an essential tool to becoming even proficient in art leads
to a negating of the ability of women to become great or be accepted as professionals in the artistic

Andrew Clemons: A Great Artist
Andrew Clemons the artist is well recognized by society's elite. "Capt. George M. Rising purchased
the jar and presented it to General Lawler last Saturday afternoon, who, no doubt will treasure the
miniature pontoon bridge, made of sand by the deaf and dumb artist boy, Andy Clemens, as one of
the finest works which graces the sand in his study."(2) The Mark of a great artist is selling their art
without intention. Andrew displays great qualities of a good artist. The twenty old Andrew Clemons
success as an artist did not guarantee his livelihood. Andrew rejected two offers one made by the
Smithsonian Institution to train him as a teacher. The other offer was from deaf salesman selling
door–to–door tried to encourage Andrew to sell door–to–door

Essay about Beyonce Knowles vs. Rihanna: Two Great Women...
Two women from two different backgrounds have so much in common yet they are so different.
One grew up in Houston, Texas while the other grew up in Saint Michael, Barbados. Even though
these two women have had very different up bringing the one thing they have in common is their
great voices. These two women's background, musical style, and other career ventures make them
both two of the best female artist in their field. Beyonce Knowles was born Beyonce Giselle
Knowles on September 4, 1981 to Mathew Knowles and Tina Beyince, in Houston, Texas. Knowles
was enrolled in various performing arts schools and was first exposed to singing and dancing
competitions as a child. At the age of eight Knowles met Latavia Roberson in the girl group ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
House of Deroen which her and her mother founded. Her second line is a junior line made more
affordable for everyday people. Rihanna born Robyn Rihanna Fenty on February 20, 1988 in Saint
Micheal, Barbados to Ronald and Moncia Fenty. Rihanna's mother a native of Guyana, is Afro–
Guyanese and Fenty's father is Barbadian and Irish. Rihanna is the oldest of three children. She has
two younger brothers, Rorrey and Rajad Fenty. Rihanna began singing at around the age of seven.
Her childhood was deeply affected by her father's addiction to crack cocaine and parent's had a
rocky marriage, which ended when Rihanna was fourteen years old. Rihanna attended Charles F.
Broome Memorial School, and then the Combermere School, where she formed a musical trio with
two of her classmates at the age of fifteen. In 2004 Rihanna won the Miss Combermere Beauty
Pageant. She was an army cadet in a sub–military programme that trained with the military of
Barbados. In 2003 friends introduced Rihanna and her two bandmates to record producer named
Evan Rogers, who was vacationing in Barbados with his wife. The group auditioned for Rogers,
who said that "the minute Rihanna walked into the room, it was like the other two girls didn't exist.
Shortly after turning 16, she relocated in the United States and moved in with Rogers and his wife.
Rihanna's musical style has changed during the release of her last three albums. Rihanna originally
was being marketed as a reggae singer, but

Similarities Between The Artist And The Great Gatsby
Nick and a dog, Uggy, both play same roles in "The Artist" and "The Great Gatsby". Both of them
exist as loyal guards of main heroes; they both have good qualities, such as honesty and loyalty.
Beside their virtues, the most importance is that they help main characters in need. In "The Great
Gatsby", Nick is one of guests in Gatsby's big party, but he is only one to join his funeral. "In his
blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne
and the stars" (41). This sentence presents the most spectacular settings of Gatsby's party with lots
of guests. It also shows that Gatsby should recognize many upper–class people from his party; these
guests join his party that means they get benefits from him,

Good Artists Copy : Great Artists Steal
"Good artists copy; great artists steal." Picasso
Master Picasso was famous for idea hunting in other artist studious while searching for inspirations
and many of them had to hide their artwork because Picasso would copy the idea and make it look
better. Steve Jobs, Igor Stravinsky, and Picasso they all did it. As we say there is no need to reinvent
the wheel. For many years photography was not recognized as high art because there was no artist
hand visible in the final image. It was mechanical so even women could do it, and the middle class
could afford it as well. There was nothing prestigious about it simple click, click. However, many
open–minded artists understood the power of that modern mechanical tool that captured light a
camera. They were simply paying attention to what was happening around them; first blurry
photographs of car wheel in motion, frozen movement of the horse, ghostly double exposures,
camera saw the world differently than human eye. Picasso was one of the many artists who
recognized the importance of the camera in 20th century and used it for his study of his subjects and
to capture moments in his personal life.
"For Picasso, photos were very important in the sense that he was modern–he was not having
models in his studio. He would do things by memory or because he had books, newspaper, or
photographs, as well as objects that he cherished," Ruiz–Picasso says.
Biographer, John Richardson, is a curator of the show "Picasso and & the Camera" in Gagosian

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