carrot.pptx

09-04-2023 S JOGINDER SINGH [ M.Sc. Veg Science ] 1

Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Post Graduate Institute, Akola
Department of Vegetable Science
Production Technology of Cool Season Vegetable Crops
VSC 501
Submitted to:- Dr. Abhay P. Wagh
Associate professor
Submitted by:- S Joginder Singh
M. Sc 1st year
09-04-2023 2
S JOGINDER SINGH [ M.Sc. Veg Science ]
Assignment on

Index :-
Sl. No. Title Page No.
1. Taxonomy and botany 4 – 7
2. Uses and nutritional aspects 8 – 10
3. Area and Production 11
4. Major groups in carrot 12 – 13
5. Varieties and Hybrids 14 – 20
6. Climate and Soil 21 – 22
7. Production Technology 23 – 26
8. Intercultural practices 27
9. Harvesting and yield 28
10 Diseases and pests 29 – 35

CARROT
Taxonomy :-
 Family:- Apiaceae / Umbelliferae
 Botanical name :- Dacus carota
 Origin :- Afghanistan
 Chromosome number:- 2n=2x=18
09-04-2023 4

Botany:-
o Annual herb for root
production.
o Biennial for flowering and seed
set.
o Leaves are pinnatifid.
o The stem is erect branched.
o The root consists of outer
core(phloem) and inner
core(xylem).
09-04-2023 5

o Cross-pollinated crop.
o Inflorescence is a compound
umbel.
o Centripetal development of
flowers in the umbel.
o Protandrous flowers.
09-04-2023 6

o Fruit type schizocarp.
o Germination inhibitor
carrotal.
o Carrot is derived from the
wild Dacus carota ssp.
carota, commonly known
as Queen Ann’s Lace.
09-04-2023 7

Uses :-
o Used as salad, cooked vegetable
and in preparation of soups,
stews etc.
o A sweet preparation called Gajar
halwa is a very famous dish in
north India.
o Used in the preparation of pickle,
it is also canned.
o Exported to countries like Kuwait
and Sharjah.
09-04-2023 8

 Kanji, a fermented spiced
beverage is prepared from black
carrot .
 It is used as a appetizer.
 Carrot seed oil is also used in
France.
 It is obtained by steam
distillation of dried seeds.
 Taste of carrot is due to
presence of glutamic acid.
 Bitter flavour is due to
isocoumarin.
09-04-2023 9

09-04-2023 10

Area and production :-
• Leading producers of the world
1. China
2. Russia
3. USA
09-04-2023 11

Two major groups in carrot
Asiatic carrot
• Also known as Tropical/
Anthocyanin/ desi / red carrot.
• It is heat tolerant.
• It is rich in anthocyanin.
• It produces seeds under tropical
conditions in plains.
• Core is distinct with different
colour.
• It has coarse flesh.
• Tip is sharp and tapery.
• Ex:- Pusa Kesar, Pusa Meghali.
European carrot
• Also known as Temperate/
Carotene/ orange carrot.
• It is cold tolerant.
• It is rich in carotene content.
• It produces seeds only in
temperate conditions.
• Core is indistinct with self colour.
• It has crispy flesh.
• Root has blunt end.
• Ex:- Pusa Yamdagini, Early Nantes.
09-04-2023 12

Asiatic carrot European carrot

Asiatic varieties:-
 1st improved variety released in 1963
 Hybridization between
Local Red x Nantes Half Long.
 Self-coloured core.
Pusa Meghali
Pusa Kesar x Nantes
 It is only Asiatic variety having orange
flesh.
 Self-coloured core.
Pusa Kesar

Pusa Rudhira
 Roots are long blood red in colour.
 Self colour core with obtriangular
shape root.
Pusa Kulfi
 It is a white pale mustard colour.
 Self coloured core, and obtriangular
with slight greenish purplish tinged
shoulder.
 It contains lutein 2.81μg/100g
fresh weight.

Pusa Vasudha
 1st public sector tropical hybrid
developed by using CMS.
 It is red type and self coloured.
 Used in industry for carolenoid
extraction.
Pusa Vrishti
 1st high heat and humidity
tolerant tropical carrot variety.
 The roots have purple
pigmentation on shoulders and
self red coloured.

Pusa Asita
 It is 1st black colour variety in
India.
 This is a selection from IPC-126.
 It has smooth, round shouldered
black coloured self-core and
obtriangular.
 Suitable for early sowing (from
early Nov- early Jan), matures in
90-110 days and yields about
27tonnes/ha.
 It contains 520 mg anthocyanin
per 100g fresh weight.

European varieties:-
 Developed at RRS, Katrain.
EC-9981 x Nantes Half Long
 It has orange flesh with self-
coloured core.
 Crop matures early by 7-10 days
than Early Nantes.
Pusa Yamdagni

Early Nantes
 It has cylindrical roots
terminating abruptly in small
thin tail.
 Crop matures within 90-100
days.
Chantenay
 It is an introduction from USA.
 An excellent cultivar for
canning and storage.

Pusa Nayanjyoti
• 1st public sector temperate
hybrid developed by using
CMS, at Regional Station,
Katrain.
• Roots are orange self coloured
core.
Imperator
• Hybridization between
Nantes x Chantenay
• Mid-season to late-maturing
cultivar with deep orange
roots.

Climate :-
• Carrot is a cool season crop.
• The optimum temperature for root
formation is 18-22°C.
• For seed germination, 7.2°—23.9°C.
• European type require a cooler
climate.
• Tropical types can form roots even
at a higher temperature of 25°C.
• The orange colour develops best at
15.6°- 21.1°C.

Soil :-
• Light well – drained loam
or sandy loam soil.
• For getting early crop
sandy loam soil preferred.
• Optimum pH is 6-7.
• If heavy soil is present than
leads to forking or
branching.
• Even if hard stones or
pebbles underneath.

Land preparation :-
o Soil is ploughed to fine tilth.
o Care should be taken to
remove clods and stones.
o The initial dose of fertilizer
and other organic matter can
be added.
o Undecomposed FYM should
be avoided as it leads to
forking.
o The crop can be sown in flat
beds.
o Or else ridges and furrows at
30-45cm can be prepared.

Sowing :-
 The seeds can be sown in flat beds or ridges.
 Seed rate is 5—6kg/ha.
 Soaking of seeds in water at 20°C for 24 hrs.
 Seeds should not be sown deeper than 1cm.
 The seeds can be mixed with sand and drilled
along the line.
 Spacing of 45cm x 5cm or 30cm x 5cm.
 Asiatic type :- Aug – early Oct
 Temperate type:- Oct- Dec in plains
Mar- July in hills

Manures and Fertilizer :-
₪ 20-30 tonnes of well decomposed FYM.
₪ 60:50:100 kg/ha NPK is applied generally.
₪ N is applied in split form, half as basal dose
and other half dose is applied at first
hoeing, i.e. 30-35 DAS.
₪ 30 t/ha FYM and 90:90:90 kg/ha NPK are
applied as basal dose and 45:45:45 kg/ha
NPK after 45 days of sowing.
₪ Apply 25 kg of ZnSO4/ha as basal.

Irrigation :-
 A pre-sowing irrigation can be
given for better germination.
 During summer frequent
irrigation at every 4-6 days
should be provided.
 And during winter season at
10-12 days interval.
 Overwatering and water
logging should be avoided.
 Long dry period followed by
irrigation leads to splitting or
cracking.

Interculture :-
 Weeding at initial stages of growth
is very important.
 About 2-3 light hoeing and weeding
are done.
 Thinning is also important to
maintain optimum plant population.
 Earthing up is also done to prevent
the crown or shoulder getting
exposed to the sunlight.

Harvesting and Yield :-
 Light irrigation 2-3 days prior to
harvesting is done.
 Harvesting at proper maturity is very
important.
 The roots attain marketable stage
when their diameter is 2-4cm at the
upper end.
 Delay in harvest leads to firmness of
root and splitting.
 Yield
1. Asiatic type :- 25-30 tonnes/ha
2. European type :- 10-15 tonnes/ha

Diseases of carrot :-
1. Bacterial blight:-
Xanthomonas campestris pv.carotae
– It causes irregular brown spot on leaves, dark brown
streaks on petioles and a blighting of floral parts.

Diseases of carrot continued:-
2. Bacterial soft rot:-
Erwinia carotovora sp. carotovora
― Cells become water soaked, the middle lamella is destroyed
and the cells collapse into a soft, watery slimy mass.

3. Cercospora leaf spot
Cercospora carotae
― Symptom usually appears as elongated lesions along the edge
of the leaf segment.

4. Powdery mildew
Erysiphe polygoni
― White powdery growth on leaves and petioles which turn
brown and wilt.

Pests of carrot continued:-
1. Carrot fly
Psila rosae
― It’s maggots burrows into the roots and destroy the crop.
― Foliage turns red and plant shows wilting resulting in seed
mortality.

2. Aster leaf hoppers
Macrosteles fascifrons
― Nymph extract plant sap from the underside of leaves and
cause a general yellowing of plant foliage.
― Adults of this species, however, also damage plants by
transmitting diseases like aster yellows.

Other pests
 Lygus bug
 Serious pest for seed
crop.
 Cut worm
 Does severe damage
to the seedlings.

References:-
• IARI News Vol.27, No.3 July- Sept 2011
• The Zonal Technology Management and
Business Promotion Development (ZTM-BPD)
Unit Website
• http://mtvernon.wsu.edu
• TNAU Agritech Portal
• Vegetable Sciences and Technology in India,
book by Vishnu Swarup

carrot.pptx

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Similar to carrot.pptx

Similar to carrot.pptx (20)

More from jogindersinghsiddhu1

More from jogindersinghsiddhu1 (6)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

carrot.pptx

Editor's Notes