SW - A1

1. HISTORICAL
DEVELOPMENT
OF
SOCIAL WORKS
Submitted By:
Joel C. Serrano
Jocylyn S. Deliera
Post Bachalaureatte - Batch 14
Submitted To:
Mrs.. Reyna Faye Laxamana
Social Work A1 – Knowledge & Philosophical
Foundation of Social Work

2. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
OF
SOCIAL WELFARE
IN THE PHILIPPINES

3. PRE HISPANIC PERIOD

4. PRE HISPANIC PERIOD
•
Pre - historic Filipinos
lived in small
scattered communities
usually located along
mouths of rivers and
coastal plains.These
commu -nities were
independent social
unit called
“Barangay”

5. PRE HISPANIC PERIOD
The “DATU” as the
leader of their
community.
The DATU” claims
to be the head and
the arbiter of their
tribes in times of
conflicts and
danger.

6. PRE HISPANIC PERIOD
•
Social welfare work in
those times centered
around their mutual
protection and
economic survival.
This cause groups to
band together and
communities to link
with each other
through marriage
among their
members. Babaylan

7. using subsidies and grants from the Spanish government. However, these were not sufficient and donations from philanthropic individuals were also solicited.
 The Spaniards brought the teaching, to do
good to others for the salvation of their
souls, and which for many years was the
underlying philosophy behind all social
welfare activities.
THE SPANISH PERIOD

8. using subsidies and grants from the Spanish government. However, these were not sufficient and donations from philanthropic individuals were also solicited.
 1565 – Don Miguel Lopez
de Legaspi established
the first hospital
in Cebu for the purpose
of attending to the
wounded and the victims
of diseases.
THE SPANISH PERIOD

9. using subsidies and grants from the Spanish government. However, these were not sufficient and donations from philanthropic individuals were also solicited.
 1882 – Hospicio de San Jose was founded to house
the aged and orphans, the mentally defective and
young boys requiring reform, but later limiting
admission to children who were discharged, later to
be adopted or employed.
THE SPANISH PERIOD

10. >San Lazaro Hospital founded in 1578
>San Juan de Dios Hospital founded in 1596
>other hospital were soon established; San Gabriel (1587);
Hospital Real (1621); Nueva Caceres Naga in Naga (1645);
and the Hospital for Convalescent in Bagumbayan (1742)
> Hospicio de San Jose and the Hospital de Santiago in Manila and provinces
~ Hospital de Aguas Santas in Los Banos in 1602
~ Hospitalof the Sangleys for the Chinese in 1630
~ Hospital de Zamboanga in 1742
~ Lepers Hospital in Cebu in 1850
~ Sta. Cruz Infirmary in Laguna 1870
~ Lepers Hospital in Naga 1873
THE SPANISH PERIOD

11. Asylums and Orphanages for the poor and needy.
1594- La Real Casa Misericordia
1611- Venerable Third Order of
Sampaloc
1655- Archico Fradia de Nuestro
Padre Jesus Nazareno de
Recoletos
1885- Asilo de San Vicente de Paul
Nuestra Seňora de La Consolacion
and the Sto. Tomas de Villanueva
Assylums
1868- The founding Hospital of San
Jose for the mentally ill, and the
Venerable Congregacion de
Sacerdotes de San Pedro Apostol
1699- Real Y. V. O. T. de Sto.
Domingo 1882- Hospicio de San Jose
THE SPANISH PERIOD
1899- National Association of Red
Cross was organized

12. 1565 - Don Miguel
Lopez de Legaspi in
Cebu, transferred to
Manila in 1571 and
renamed in 1578
called Hospitalito de
Sta. Ana
1578 – Franciscans
Sternberg General
Hospital (San
Lazaro Hospital)
1587- San
Gabriel
1596 - San
Juan de Dios
Hospital
1612 – Hospital
Real
1645 - Nueva
Caceres in Naga
1742 - Hospital
for Cava Lents
in
Bagumbayan
The early Spanish
missionaries not
only taught religion
to the Filipinos but
also administered
hospitals and
asylums.
THE SPANISH PERIOD

13. Schools established during Spanish Period
• 1565- Parochial School of Cebu
• 1589- Colegio de San Ignacio
• 1595- San Ildefonso College
• 1601- Colegio de San Jose
• 1717 – Colegio de San Felipe
• 1754 – Artillery School
• 1696- Sta. Isabel (for girls)
• 1696- Sta. Catalina (for girls)
• 1750- Sta. Rosa (for girls)
• 1817- Ateneo de Manila (Obras Pias)
• 1850 – public school started
• 1899 – National Association of Red
Cross was organized

14. AMERICAN
PERIOD

15. 1899 – Americans occupied the country and introduced a
new educational system, new health methods, and
religious freedom.
1902 – The Civil government created an agency, the
Insular Board, to coordinate and supervise private
institutions engaged in welfare work.
AMERICAN PERIOD

16. > 1908 Philippine General Hospital; followed by Mary Jonhston Hospital of
the United Methodist Church
> 1915 Public Welfare Board to coordinate welfare activities of various
charitable institutions; place under the department of Interior in 1918;
Dr. Jose Fabella was the first Executive Director.
> 1910 school for the deaf and blind;
> 1900 deaf children at the Philippine Normal School
> 1917 Government Orphanage, policies admission and discharge
> 1918 Bureau of Dependent Children, a division of the Office of Public
Welfare Commissioner which coordinated programs on maternal and
child care as well as the welfare of orphans.

17. 1900 – Attempt was made to alleviate the
condition of deaf children at the
Philippine Normal School.
1910 – A school for the deaf and blind
was organized.
AMERICAN PERIOD

18. 1905 – The Philippine chapter of the American Red Cross
was established to take charge of disaster relief in the
country and to administer Red Cross funds from the United
States.
 1907 – La Gota de Leche was established to furnish child-
caring institutions with fresh cow’s milk from dairy farm
in Pasay, Manila, supervised by a veterinarian. This agency
later opened free consultation clinic for mothers.
AMERICAN PERIOD

19. AMERICAN PERIOD

20. February 5, 1915 The government created the Public Welfare Board with the
Passage of Legislative Act no. 2510, essentially to coordinate the welfare activities
of various existing charitable organizations
1912- Office of the Public
Welfare Commission
1905 - Philippine
Chapter of American
Red Cross
AMERICAN PERIOD

21. > 1905 Philippine Chapter of American Red Cross coordinated disaster relief
> 1907 La Gota de Leche provided fresh cow’s milk to child- caring institutions
> 1910 Philippine Anti-tuberculosis Society
> 1913 Association de Damas Filipinas to help destitute mothers and their children;
> 1926 Settlement House patterned after Chicago’s Hull House
> 1917 Associated Charities of Manila started concept of community chest; fused
with American Red Cross in 1919 and 1921;
AMERICAN PERIOD

22. February 5, 1915 – The American government created the Public
Welfare Board with the passage of Legislative Act No. 2510, essentially
to coordinate the welfare activities of various existing charitable
organizations.
January 1917 – The first government entity to operate as a welfare
agency, and an initial step in child welfare services, was set up.
AMERICAN PERIOD

23. 1921 – Office of the Public Welfare Commissioner was
created. It absorbed the functions of the Public Welfare
Board which, while charged with coordinating and
intensifying the activities of child welfare organizations
and agencies, was unable to cope with the mounting
problems in the health field, which was manifested by
the high infant mortality rate in the second decade of
the century.
AMERICAN PERIOD

24. 1922 – The Office of the Public Welfare Commissioner
prepared solicitation forms which it required the public
to demand of any person appealing for donations and
charities. This was done to protect the public and
organizations from unscrupulous persons collecting
funds. This practice, however, was not legally
sanctioned until 1933.
AMERICAN PERIOD

25. 1924 – The Associated Charities had become independent
agency under the supervision of the Public Welfare
Commissioner, and was partly financed by the government,
and partly by private contributions.
AMERICAN PERIOD

26. 1924 – The Philippine Legislature passed a law (Philippine
Legislative Act No. 3203) partly financed by government
and private funds; trained social workers on case work and
social investigation: balik probinsya program, relating to
the care and custody of neglected and delinquent children
and providing probation officers for them.
AMERICAN PERIOD

27. > 1926 Welfareville Institution provided residential and rehabilitation
services for orphans, children, delinquent boys/girls; aged until its dispersal
in 1968; used the “congregate system” where wards were grouped in
separate cottages,supervised by the Division of Dependent Children of the
OPW, vs which supervised child-caring institutions financed by government.
AMERICAN PERIOD

28. 1933 – The administration of social welfare in the
Philippines was marked by significant developments
when Frank Murphy became the Governor-General.
Scholarship grants for professional training in social
work in the United States were made available.
AMERICAN PERIOD

29. 1933 – The Legislature appropriated funds for the
operations of government child and maternal health
centers which was established in every town with at least
two thousand populations.
AMERICAN PERIOD

30. The economic depression in the 1930s created serious
economic problems. The Associated Charities were
unable to cope with the number of applicants for relief
and other social services, despite appropriations made by
the Office of the Public Welfare Commissioner, under its
director, Dr. Jose Fabella.
AMERICAN PERIOD

31. Josefa Jara Martinez who obtained a diploma in Social
Work in 1921, worked for the Public Welfare Board where
she started to introduce the scientific approach in social
work.
AMERICAN PERIOD

32. The Murphy administration’s social welfare programs
marked the first time the government assumed full
responsibility for the relief of the distressed due to any
cause.
AMERICAN PERIOD

33. The Filipinos taking over
reins of government during
Commonwealth Period
specifically Health, Welfare
programs were expanded
and improve new services
were organized such as
rural charity clinics,
quarantine services, home
for mentally ill, defective
children as well as for the
aged and infirm and welfare
Ville.

34. President Manual L.
Quezon working for social
justice prevailed upon the
National Assembly to pass
the anti usury laws, 8-
hour labor law, laws fixing
minimum wages (P1.00 in
province, P1.25 in cities),
laws related to insurance,
pensions and women and
child labor.

35. 1940- Office of the
Commissioner of Health and
Public Welfare (The office
took charge of health and
welfare services between 1930
and 1940 was abolished and
replaced by the Department
of Health and Public Welfare)
In 1941 , EO established
under the bureau of public
welfare.

36. 2nd World War
which brought death
and immeasurable
suffering to the
country’s population
was to last for 3 years
from 1942 to 1944.

37. Social Welfare activities
during the period
consisted mainly of
giving medical care and
treatment, as well as
food and clothing to the
wounded soldiers,
prisoners and civilians.

38. The bureau of Public
Welfare which was closed
when the war broke out
was reorganized by the
Executive Commission
and instructed to attend
to the General Welfare of
the residents, and to give
food & comfort to release
prisoners for
concentration camps.

39. THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION
> Social welfare activities during the period consisted mainly of giving
medical care and treatment, as well as food and clothing, to the
wounded soldiers, prisoners, and civilians.
> Relief work done by private organizations
~Philippine Red Cross
~Young Women’s Christian Association
~National Federation of Women’s Leagues
> Hospitals
~Philippine General Hospital
~St. Luke’s Hospital
~Mary Jonhston Hospital
~North General Hospital

40. OTHER RELIEF AGENCIES
~Emergency Relief Office
~Emergency Commission Administration
~Philippine Civil Affairs Unit
~Philippine Relief and Trade Rehabilitation Administration
( PRATRA )
~United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
( UNRRA )

41.  Bureau of Public Welfare reopened in 1946 but lack of funds
greatly limited its operation.
 On October 04,1947, re organizing the need for a more
centralized and better integrated social welfare program. The
bureau became the social welfare commission and was place
under the office of the president. it offered 3 categories of
services (1) child welfare work, (2) public assistance, (3)
coordination and supervision.
 War Relief Office was placed under the control of the Social
Welfare Commission
 Child welfare work including probation and parole services and
institutional care for various groups.
POST WAR

42. Public Assistance in the form of relief and case work
services to indigent war victims and the physically
handicapped infirm
Coordination and supervision of all public welfare
activities
POST WAR
Jan. 03, 1951- The SWC(Social Welfare Commission) and
the PACSA(President Action Committee on social
Ameliorations) were fused into one agency called SWA

43. POST WAR
Shortly after this, the agency established a staff
development service, began accepting social work
field practice students from the then newly opened
social work schools in Metropolitan (greater) Manila
Area, and started to conduct more surveys and field
studies on income, housing needs, and the needs of
special groups such as handicapped

44. > Other activities of the new public welfare agency included
(a) establishment of the Welfare Home for Women and Girls
(b) setting up of employment and related services under its
Public Assistance department
> 1948 President’s Action Committee on Social Amelioration
(PACSA) by Pres.Quirino to counteract social unrest and
insurgency chaired by Asuncion Perez who became SW
Commissioner provided comprehensive program of health,
education, welfare, agriculture, public works and financing
> after 1948 UN International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)
provided basic health services for mothers and children

45. • THE SOCIAL WELFARE ADMINISTRATION
> On January 3, 1951 the SWC and PACSA; more professional Administration of
public welfare programs thru staff development and SW students intership;
> Division of Public Assistance general and special assistance in form of material
assistance; services in the form of rehabilitation for employable disabled; skills
training, education, health,
> Welfare Division (casework and guidance to children, child protection services,
case study for delinquent children etc.).
> Division of Rural Welfare services to land settlements areas, on Christian groups,
victims of dissidents and natural disaster, was created by Administratve Order No.7,
Sept. 5, 1951

46. > 1954 SWA was reorganized
> 1949 Council of Welfare Agencies of the Philippines formally organized in 1952;
> 1988 became the National Council of Social Development (NCSD); >Community
Chest of Greater Manila were organized.
> The council was established to;
(a) study and define social welfare problems and human needs;
(b) to develop a coordinated plan of action to meet these needs;
(c) to help improve the standards of social services and
(d) to serve as the National Committee for the International Conference on
Social Welfare

47.  1965 RA 5416 “Social Welfare Act”
elevated the SWA to the Department of Social Welfare programs;
(a) preventive and remedial programs/services for individuals, families,
and communities;
(b) protective remedial and developmental welfare services for children;
(c) vocational rehabilitation convicts and individuals with special needs;
(d) trainings, research and special projects

48. R.A. 4373 (the Social Work Law, 1967)
provides that no social welfare agency shall operate
and be accredited unless it shall first have registered
with the Social Welfare Administration which shall
issue the corresponding certificate of registration.

49. R.A. 5416 (1968)
empowers the Department to :
(1) set standards and policies;
(2) accredit public and private institutions and organizations; and
(3) coordinate government efforts in social welfare work to avoid
duplication, friction and overlapping of responsibility in social
services

50. September 8, 1976 – The Department of Social Welfare became the
Department of Social Services and Development shifting emphasis on
the traditional, often institution-based social welfare to community-
oriented programs and services.
June 2, 1978 – President Marcos issued Presidential Decree No. 1397,
converting departments into ministries thus the Ministry of Social
Services and Development. The organizational structure, functions and
programs remains the same.
The sixties and seventies marked the existence of voluntary
organizations and establishment of even more agencies.
THE SEVENTIES

51. The Self-Employment Assistance was upgraded to make it more
responsive to its client’s needs. Case Management System was launched.
Social Welfare Indicators monitor the level of well-being of the MSSD
service users.
January 30, 1987 – President Corazon C. Aquino signed Executive Order
No. 123, reorganizing MSSD and renaming it Department of Social
Welfare and Development. The Department was evolving from mere
welfare or relief agency to the greater task of development. The
approach taken by the agency during this period is described as
preventive and developmental, participative and client-managed.
THE EIGHTIES

52. The DSWD continued the five program areas of concern during the early
nineties.It also gave priority attention
to Low Income Municipalities (LIMs) and other socially-depressed
barangays. The aftermath of the Mt. Pinatubo eruption was the use of
Crisis Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD), a form of crisis intervention used
with victims of disasters and other crisis situation.
October 10, 1991 – R.A. 7160 Local Government Code was passed.
Implementing functions together with its programs and services were
devolved to its local government unit. The Department, however,
retained its specialized social services consisting of four categories: (a)
Center/institution-based services; (b) community-based programs and
services; (c) locally-funded and foreign-assisted projects; and (d)
disaster relief and rehabilitation augmentation.
THE NINETIES

53. > 1991 RA 7160; Local Government Code- devolution of
basic social services to the LGUs, DSWD’s role from
“rowing” to “steering”
> 1999 the country’s NGOs network launched the Philippine
Council for NGO Certification (PCNC)
THE NINETIES

54. > 2006 year-end Report, the DSWD cities its having intensified the
implementation of pro-poor programs
> NEDA defines NGOS as private, non profit, voluntary organizations, they
are classified according to their levels of operations;
(1) primary NGOs also called people’s organizations and self help groups
(2) secondary/intermediate NGOs
(3) tertiary NGOs
THE NEW MILLENIUM

55. Today, countless social agencies, organizations and
institutions under private sponsorship are engaged
in the provision of many different social services.
NGOs play a very important role in supplementing
the needs of the rising disadvantaged sectors in our
society.
TODAY

56. References;
 Mendoza, Thelma Lee (2008), Social Welfare and Social Work, Revised Ed, Philippines,
Megabooks.
 https://developmentnetworking.wordpress.com/tag/josefa-jara-martinez/
 Google.com / images
 www.slideshare.net

57. THANK YOU

58. end of slides