accident analysis, Ergonomics, seat position, seat belt

1. Vehicle Safety and
Accident Analysis
Ergonomic Considerations
Introduction
 The term “ergonomics” originated
from greek
 “Ergon” = worker or works
 “Nomos” = laws and conventions
 Ergonomics means respect the
human limits in the working
environment.

2. Vehicle Safety and
Accident Analysis
Ergonomic Considerations
 The individual capacity depends on
a vast parameters, like
 Age,
 Training,
 Fatigue,
 Working environment
 Motivation.
 These factors are also not
constant.

3. Vehicle Safety and
Accident Analysis
Ergonomic Considerations
 Being comfortable and well positioned in
a vehicle reduce driver fatigue and
musculoskeletal disorders. And minimise
the risk of injury.

4. Ergonomic
Considerations
SAE Standards for Ergonomics
1. J1100 rule of dimensions are
to be determined.
2. J826 rule of human inside the
vehicle.
3. J1516 & J1517 position the
human inside the vehicle.
4. J941 theoretical position of
the drivers eyes.
5. J1052 exclusion zone for the
occupants heads.
6. J287 drivers reach zones

5. Steering and Mirror
Adjustment
Adjust the External Mirrors.
 The mirrors should be adjusted
before trip, not while driving started.
 External mirrors do not provide the
driver with a complete 180 degree
view to the rear.
 There will still be ‘blind’ spots, drivers
should turns their head to check the
blind spot, particularly when
changing lanes and merging.

6. Steering and Mirror
Adjustment
Adjust the Internal Mirror.
 The internal mirror should be adjusted
 Driver can see interior of the vehicle as driver
can see rear window as possible.
 At night, take the opportunity to locate and
practice using the rear view mirror anti-glare
switch.
 This reducing dangerous glare from the
headlights of following vehicles.
 Some new vehicles are internal rear mirrors
which automatically reduce glare.

7. Steering and Mirror
Adjustment
.
Adjust the Steering wheel

8. Steering and Mirror
Adjustment
Adjust the Seat
 Adjusted seat and a good driving
enhance the driver’s vision, comfort
and safety.
 Good for safety equipment such as
airbags and seat belt.
 Many vehicles with steering wheels
that are adjustable for height, tilt
and reach.

9. Steering and Mirror
Adjustment
Adjust the Seat
 Suggested for adjustable seats
 Raise the seat for better vision
 Move forward for clutch and accelerator
pedals to be fully depressed
comfortably.
 Adjust the back rest and is in contact
up to shoulder height.
 Adjust the head restraint and
decrease whiplash neck injuries.

10. Ergonomic
Considerations
Central Locking System
 All doors and hatches on a
passenger centrally locked and
unlocked.
 Also tailgates and fuel-tank flaps.
All locking and unlocking is
generally by remote control.
 Modern passenger cars, doors to
be opened: when the handle is
touched. This variant is known as
keyless go.

11. Ergonomic
Considerations
Central Locking System
 Central locking can also
automatically unlocked if the
crash sensors detect that an
accident has occurred.
 Nowadays, many modern
passenger cars are lock is now
only present in the driver-side
door of many newer vehicles
for reasons of cost.

12. Components of Central
Locking Systems
Door handle/Handle strip
 The door handle is the traditional means by
which a vehicle is opened and closed from
inside or outside..
Door lock/Actuator
 It contains both a latch and an electric motor
(actuator) which controls the central locking.
Fuel filler cap
 Some fuel filler caps have external locks. And
other fuel filler flap is locked automatically via
the central locking system.

13. Components of Central
Locking Systems
Remote control
Remote controls are being used with increasing
frequency in small cars, replacing the functions of a
conventional key.
Keys
The basic function of keys and remote controls is the
locking and unlocking of doors, luggage
compartments, fuel filler caps, etc. they are also used
to control the interior lighting electronic immobiliser
alarm system and the window lifters.
Start/stop system
Traditionally, a vehicle key was needed to unlock the
steering lock and to start the engine. Today, keyless
systems are increasingly being used to start engines.
In a keyless system, a transmitter – which usually also
houses the controller for the central locking – is
inserted into a reader in the vehicle and the engine is
then started by pressing a button.

14. Components of Central
Locking Systems
Environmental Protection
 In the event of an accident, fuel filler caps with
locks, to preventing fuel from escaping.
 the valve systems installed in modern fuel filler
caps reduce fuel evaporation.
 Even on commercial vehicles too, locking systems
make an active contribution to the protection of
the environment, as they provide an assurance of
safety for urea tanks. Urea is used to meet the
strict environmental standards of Euro IV and V
and to reduce the toxic emissions of diesel
vehicles.

15. Subscribe
Subscribe
Subscribe