1. José Gerardo Cruz Rivera 804-10-1716<br />DNA to Protein<br />The workshop given by Daniel, Sean, Rodrigo and Patricia is about the different factors required for DNA to become protein. They reported on what a graduate school is and what happens there. The first laboratory was the removal of our DNA through our mouth. We rinsed our mouths with Gatorade, waste and threw it in a test tube; we add detergent and alcohol and then got a dense liquid, which was our DNA. DNA is the genetic material that each individual has. <br />In the second laboratory we performed Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), which was invented by Kary Mullis in 1985. PCR describes the way in which genetic material is replicated through changes in temperature and adding a polymer (TAQ). Also, we used pipette techniques for this process. We put a negative control, a GFP and a positive control in a machine with heat, and then they were placed in agarose gel electrophoresis, which was to separate DNA fragments based on its size, shape and charge. Then, we went to see the different segments of DNA The smaller segments passed over the membrane and made more segments. Each student made a test <br />Using SDS-Page gel, about 15 ul protein and 3x SDS-sample 50ul. Then 15ul were pipetted in a buffer lysate protein and placed in tube for incubation at 95-100C for 5 minutes. After removal of the test, we put 15ul of protein in a gel lane. (I know you used electrophoresis but this sentence is not clear. Got electricity (100 volts) and at the end get the segments in the gel.) Another part of the workshop was the discussion on microbiology that study bacteria, viruses and fungi. At the end, we saw some bacteria in electrophoresis as well as in the microscope, in a dark room and with ultraviolet light. The last lab was how a macrophage infection eliminated the bacteria. After the processing done by graduate students, through the use of PBS and WGA, we observed in the microscope that the bacteria were removed, although there was little waste. This workshop was very good and interesting. I learned a lot, about PCR, electrophoresis and how use new laboratory instruments. <br />