Riley, Jenn and Constance A. Mayer. "Ask a Librarian: The Role of Librarians in the Music Information Retrieval Community." ISMIR 2006: 7th International Conference on Music Information Retrieval, Victoria, British Columbia, October 8-12, 2006.
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Ask a Librarian: The Role of Librarians in the Music Information Retrieval Community
1. Ask a Librarian: The Role of
Librarians in the Music Information
Retrieval Community
Jenn Riley, Indiana University
Constance A. Mayer, University of
Maryland
2. ISMIR at the beginning:
Music IR Research Communities
Computer science and information retrieval
Audio engineering and digital signal processing
Musicology and music theory
Library science
Cognitive science
Psychology
Philosophy
Law
October 9, 2006
ISMIR 2006, Victoria, B.C.
2
3. ISMIR 2000-2005:
Where were the librarians?
Overviews of digital library projects
Standards for digital image capture of
musical scores
Metadata
October 9, 2006
ISMIR 2006, Victoria, B.C.
3
4. MLA and IAML 2000-2005:
Librarians and their research presentations
Table 1. Distribution of major topics identified in MLA and IAML conferences and publications 200
Topics
Descriptions
Music history and
literature
Research in the historical and cultural aspects of
music including repertoire
Print collections
0 -2005
MLA
Annual
Meetings
17%
Notes
8%
9%
Fontes
artis
musicae
8%
Descriptions of print col lections and historical
printing and publishing methodologies
Questions users ask; how we teach users to find
information; usability of standard music databases
18%
41%
24%
49%
16%
12%
13%
0
Digital libraries
Descriptions of digital libraries, digital collections,
and digital preservation
9%
5%
15%
0
Cataloging and
metadata
Copyright
Various schemas for organizing information
10%
5%
7%
0
1%
1%
4%
0
18%
25%
19%
40%
11%
100%
3%
100%
9%
100%
3%
100%
Reference and
user education
Librarianship
Other
Total percentages
How does copyright affect our ability to create and
provide access to digital collection s?
Professional and methodological issues related to
music librarianship
Miscellaneous topics
October 9, 2006
ISMIR 2006, Victoria, B.C.
IAML
Conferences
4
6. Music History and Literature
Identification of core repertoire
Different approaches to analysis based on
musical styles
Musical notation and its interpretation across
cultures and historical periods
Tools to automate musical analysis,
classification, transcription, and theme
extraction
October 9, 2006
ISMIR 2006, Victoria, B.C.
6
7. Print Collections
Books, manuscripts, printed musical scores
Sound and video recordings
Unique and special collections (some without
copyright restrictions)
Challenge of transforming physical
collections into true digital collections that can
be searched, manipulated and read
October 9, 2006
ISMIR 2006, Victoria, B.C.
7
8. Reference and User Education
Enhanced searching capabilities
More sophisticated document retrieval
Audio retrieval-by-example
Audio matching
Improved cross-database searching
Personalized user interfaces
Automatic extraction of metadata
October 9, 2006
ISMIR 2006, Victoria, B.C.
8
9. Digital libraries
Making collections available online
Putting discovered material to use
Vision for new, groundbreaking systems
Implementing experimental services in new
environments
October 9, 2006
ISMIR 2006, Victoria, B.C.
9
10. Cataloging and metadata
Metadata-based retrieval co-existing with
content-based retrieval
Existing expertise in description and user
access
Free sharing of data
Value of and need for automated methods
October 9, 2006
ISMIR 2006, Victoria, B.C.
10
11. Copyright
MIR and library communities face common
copyright challenges
Impacts both research and production systems
Good work currently in both communities
October 9, 2006
ISMIR 2006, Victoria, B.C.
11
12. Where are we?
The time is ripe for more collaboration
MIR community continues to expand to
incorporate more perspectives
Librarians increasingly embracing automated
methods and advanced tools
Will further both research and the
development of production systems
October 9, 2006
ISMIR 2006, Victoria, B.C.
12
Existing librarian participation: sheet music sites, UCSB cylinders. Also goes beyond mere content access, for example Variations2.
Librarian vision: unique contribution comes from unique experiences. Many perspectives are needed to build really useful DL systems that not only deliver content but help users *use* the content in new ways. Librarians offer search/browse design expertise, knowledge of music terminology/repertoire/literature, all the things we’ve heard about already and will hear about in the next few minutes; MIR offers OMR for better content creation, content-based searching, analysis tools, and the like.
Metadata based retrieval: composer, performer, language, topic of lyrics, context (e.g., in that TV show), even genre. Need flexible systems that can use metadata and content retrieval as need arises.
“Traditional librarian strengths” doesn’t necessarily mean traditional mechanisms. Much of library cataloging/searching is quaint (to be kind) in today’s environment, but the purpose behind many of these mechanisms is essential to provide high-quality retrieval services. For example, authority control probably doesn’t all need to be done by a human as part of description. There are likely ways authority control mechanisms can be build into real-time systems that operate on unstructured or semi-structured data.
An inclination towards the free sharing of data is another strength librarians can bring to the MIR community.
Librarians know we can’t continue to catalog everything. We need to be finding ways to insert the human at just the appropriate moment - to supplement fully-automated systems with bits of human effort to make the end product that much better.
MIR brings content-based searching, techniques for retrieval with unstructured data, and different terminology. It also brings better connections to industry. All will benefit from this collaboration.
MIR and library communities face common copyright challenges
Copyright is a complex international issue, and both music library and MIR communities are international
Both communities need legal and ethical means to perform research and develop production systems that benefit users
Good work currently going on in both communities that can benefit from wider discussion
No single community “owns” copyright issues. We’re all in this one together.
Good work going on in both communities. Copyright is a case in which we both just really need to know what is going on in the other community. In libraries: V2 copyright & fair use, MLA guidelines for streaming audio reserves, organizations can participate in activism activities.In MIR: building testbeds, better contacts with content creators. Also individuals like Charles Cronin from Columbia Law School are actively researching these issues and participating in both communities.
Collaboration can benefit both pure research and putting those research ideas into practice.
MIR has matured to the point of self-reflection. Librarians are looking for new methodologies. Let’s work together.