A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
Understanding Mexican Libraries: A Contemporary Overview
1. Understanding
Mexican Libraries : A
Contemporary Overview
12th Transborder Library Forum (México-USA-
Canadá)
“Information without borders”
Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua
March 9-11, 2005
Jesús Lau, Ph.D.
Director, USBI VER Library, and Coordinator, UV
Virtual Library
Universidad Veracruzana /DGB
Boca del Río, Veracruz, México
jlau@uv.mx
www.jesuslau.com
www.uv.mx/usbi_ver / www.uv.mx/bvirtual
2. Objectives - Topics
1. Talk about institutions that shape the Mexican
library and information world:
Library schools
Associations
Vendors
Serials
Conferences
Library research centers
2. Evaluate challenges and contributions
3. Discuss transborder cooperation potential
4. Provide subjective comments
5. Data comes from different sources
6. Handouts are drafts, corrections are welcome
3. DemographicsDemographics
14th in geographical size
7th in exports
3rd trade partner of the US
Largest Spanish-speaking country
2nd economy in Latin America
A middle income country
Literacy 90%
Ranks with some of the best libraries in
Latin America
4. Library Historical Dates:
900 – 1700´s
1400 Amoxcalli – Aztec codex (Amoxtli) libraries
1511 First book to arrive in Mexico from Europe
1539 First Printing press
1555 First book published in Mexico - Alonso de Molina
Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana
1788 Opening of the first public library – Turriana Library
1790 First Copyright law
1790 Foundation of the National Achives - Archivo General de la
Nación (Original name: Archivo General de la Nueva España)
5. 1867 Decree to create the National Library – Biblioteca Nacional
1882 National Institute of Statistics, Geography, and Informatics
(Originally as Dirección Geografía y Estadística, DGE) –
Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, Geografía e Informática
1921 First Department of Public Libraries, Ministry of Public
Education - Dirección de Bibliotecas Populares
1922 First public library building - Biblioteca Publica Cervantes
1924/1954 Mexican Association of Librarians – Asociación
Mexicana de Bibliotecarios, AC
1945 National School of Library and Archive Sciences – Escuela
Nacional de Biblioteconomía y Archivonomía
Library Historical Dates:
1800 - 1950
6. 1956 Opening of the UNAM Central Library Building - Biblioteca
Central UNAM
1957 First National Library Conference - Jornadas Mexicanas de
Biblioteconomía, organized annually since 1974
1970 Foundation National Council of Science and Technology (An
early funding body for special and university libraries) –
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
1972 Starts first library science Master´s Degree – UNAM
1975 First academic library building of a technological institute –
IT Saltillo
1979 Foundation of the National Association of Professional
Librarians - Colegio Nacional de Bibliotecarios, AC
1978 First Mexican integral (mainframe) library system –
LIBRUNAM, UNAM
Library Historical Dates:Library Historical Dates:
1950 - 19801950 - 1980
7. 1983 First release of library software SIABUC (Most popular
free library software) – Universidad de Colima
1984 Foundation of the National Council for Academic
Libraries – CONPAB-IES, Consejo Nacional de
Asuntos Bibliotecarios de Instituciones de Educación
Superior
1986 First librarian to get a Ph.D (from the US) - Jaime
Pontigo
1999 UNAM Ph.D. Program opens - UNAM
2003 Mexican Information Literacy Standards - UACJ
Library Historical Dates:
1990 - 2000
8. Library Statistics
Type Centers Volumes
School 4,689 17,162,907
Academic 1,133 16,422,598
Special 175 2,576,889
Public 5,313 27,067,572
National 1 1,250,000
Others 5 449,160
Total 11,315 64,179,126
9. Library Education
9 Library and information science
schools
7 Undergraduate
4 Master´s programs
1 Ph.D
2 Two distance programs (One is
web based)
1 Offers achives studies
Mostly located in central México
10. LIS Schools
Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua
Escuela Nacional de Biblioteconomía y
Archivonomía
Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de
Monterrey
El Colegio de México, AC
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara
11. Library Education - Comments
Strengths:
• Faculty (part-time) do their best
• Qualified graduates in technical skills
Challenges:
3. Full-time faculty
4. Professional competencies (English,
management)
5. Do research
12. Library Associations
AMBAC - Asociación Mexicana de Bibliotecarios,
AC, 1924 www.ambac.org.mx
CNB - Colegio Nacional de Bibliotecarios, AC
(CNB), 1979 www.cnb.org.mx
ASAR - Asociación de Administradores de
Recursos Informativos, AC (Chihuahua), 1998
www.asar.org.mx
BIBAC - Asociación de Bibliotecarios en
Biomedicina, AC, 1976 www.difusion.com.mx/
proficsa/
13. Library Associations (2)
ABJ - Asociación Jalisciense de Bibliotecarios, AC
(AJBAC), 1979 www.ajbac.org/
ANBAGRO - Asociación Nacional de Bibliotecarios
Agropecuarios, AC, 1983
AMABPAC - Asociación Mexicana de Archivos y
Bibliotecas Privados, AC, 1994
www.amabpac.org.mx/
Other: Nuevo León, Baja California, Michoacán,
Sonora
14. Associations - Comments
Strengths:
Do their best with low fees
Hard work of leaders
Challenges:
Modernize their management
Become economically self-sufficient
Offer relevant services to membership
15. Research Centers
Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones Bibliotecológicas
(UNAM)
Centro de Investigaciones
Bibliográficas, Biblioteca Nacional
(UNAM)
16. Library Research - Comments
CUIB:
Good publishing output
Cover different subjects
One of the best centers, if not the best in
Latin America (LA)
A good source of written materiales for LA
Publishes a leading library science journal
Produce the LA library science database
A good specialized library science library
17. Library Serials
Biblioteca Universitaria: Boletín
informativo - Dirección General de
Bibliotecas (UNAM)
Bibliotecas y Archivos (ENBA)
Información, producción, comunicación y
servicios (Infoconsultores)
Investigación Bibliotecológica:
archivonomía, bibliotecología e
información (UNAM)
18. Library Serials
LIBER: Revista de Bibliotecología
(AMBAC)
Noticiero (AMBAC)
Boletín Informativo de ASAR
Memorias- Jornadas Mexicanas de
Biblioteconomía (AMBAC)
Infobila – Bibliographic database
(UNAM)
Other: Conference Proceedings
19. Library Serials - Comments
Strenghts:
Good number of serials
One is a journal
Jornadas proceedings, an excellent source
of monographic information
Comments:
Eager to get overseas paper contributions
Need for more journal-type publications
Create titles with best practices focus
20. General Library Conferences
– Jornadas Mexicanas de Biblioteconomía,
AMBAC, 1957-
– Coloquio Internacional de Bibliotecarios, FIL-
UDG, 1993?-
– Reunión Celebración Biblioteca de Ciencia y
Tecnología, IPN, 1999-
– Reunión de bibliotecarios de la Península de
Yucatán, UADY, 1995?-
21. Specialized Library Conferences
Library Research
– Coloquio Internacional de Investigación
Bibliotecológica y de Información, CUIB,
1980-
Information Literacy
– Encuentro sobre Desarrollo de Habilidades
Informativas, UACJ, 1998- (Bi-annual)
Cooperation
– Foro Transfronterizo de Bibliotecas, Host
varies, 1990- (Bi-annual)
– Amigos, UDLA, 2000- (Bi-annual)
22. Specialized Library Conferences (2)
Automation / IT
– Interfaces, UCOL, 1983-
– Enlínea@2004, ITESM-CM, 1998-
Academic Libraries
– Conferencia Internacional sobre Bibliotecas
Universitarias, UNAM, 2000-
– Reunión Anual (de bibliotecas académicas),
CONPAB, 19
Management
– Coloquio sobre Capital humano y Liderazgo en
Bibliotecas, UV, 2003-
23. Conferences - Comments
Strengths:
Good number of conference opportunities
Participation of some Latin American
professionals
Some publish proceedings or best papers
Comments:
Prepare conference calls ahead of time
Select theme and location with enough time
Promote them beyond national borders
Welcome speakers from abroad
24. Main International Vendors
Brodart
CSA
EBSCO México
Elsevier
Grupo Difusión Científica (Thompson)
Infoconsultores
Infoestratégica (Dialog, EIU, BL)
Información Científica Internacional (ICI)
ISI Emerging Markets
Infolatina)
Proquest
OCLC
Swets Information Services
25. International Vendors - Comments
Strenghts:
Good presence in México
Cover a good number of products
Have gradually learned about the marked
They chose the country for LA their operations
Comments:
Try to sell products the country does not need
Use pricing schemes of information developed
countries
Need vision to create local products
26. Mexican Library Software
Companies
1. Janium Technology (Janium)
2. Sistemas Lógicos (Logicat)
3. Universidad de Colima (SIABUC)
Strengths and comments
Strong library software presence of
Mexico in Latin America
Need to keep abreast of users´ needs
27. Publishing
Strengths:
Most big book publishers operate in
country
México is a leader in book printing in LA
Children´s literature has a good output
Comments:
Bookstores are scarce, aproximate figures
of all book outlets is 500
28. Book Fairs
Feria Internacional del Libro de Guadalajara
(November)
Feria del Libro de Minería (México City, March)
Feria del Libro Infantil (November, México City)
Feria Internacional del Libro Universitario
(Veracruz, September)
Fería del Libro de la Ciudad de Monterrey
(September)
Several smaller book fairs take place in the major
cities
29. Universities with the best Libraries
(Holdings, Buildings, Professional Librarians, National Visibility)
COLMEX El Colegio de México
ITESM Instituto Tec. de Estudios Sup. de Monterrey
UACJ Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez
UANL Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
UASLP Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
UCOL Universidad de Colima
UDEM Universidad de Monterrey
UDG Universidad de Guadalajara
UDLA Universidad de las Américas
UNAM Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
UV Universidad Veracruzana
31. Transborder NAFTA Cooperation
Relevant to Mexico
Training
Visiting professors to library schools
Conference attendance
Speaking at conferences
Web information link exchange
Librarians visits and stays
Translation of library
materiales/publications
32. Transborder NAFTA Cooperation
Relevant to Mexico (2)
Exhibiting in Mexican conferences
Join library association memberships
Collaborative preservation of special
collections
Exchange of best library practices
Other: Joint digital proyects, joint
borrowing agreements
33. Conclusions
Important to know NAFTA neighbours, paves
the way to cooperation
Mexican library scene is shaped on North
American practices
Libraries date back to several centuries
Good library development in recent decades
34. Conclusions (2)
Current library challenges are: budgets,
visibility, management and technology
Mexican library market is still small
There are opportunities for collaboration
across borders
Cooperation is permeated by organization
culture, and socio-economic development