2. introduction
• A biosensor is an analytical device which is used to determine
the presence and concentration of a specific substance in a
biological analyte
• In a biological material (such as enzymes antibody ,cell or
necleic acid ) is used to intraction with analyte
• this intraction produces a physical or chemical changes which
is detected by the transducer and convert to an electrical
signal.
• This signal is amplified and processed to present analyte
concentration in tha sample
3. Father of the Biosensor
Professor Leland C
Clark Jnr 1918–2005
6. 1. LINEARITY Linearity of the sensor should be high
forthe detection of high substrate
concentration.
2. SENSITIVITY Value of the electrode response per
substrate concentration.
3. SELECTIVITY Chemicals Interference must be
minimised for obtaining the correct
result.
4.RESPONSE TIME Time necessary for having 95%
of the response.
Basic Characteristics of a Biosensor
8. Types of biosensors
• Based on use of different biological material and sensor
devices following are the main types –
1- Electro-chemical Biosensor
2- Amperometric Biosensor
3- calorimetric Biosensor
4- Bioaffinity sensor
5- Whole cell Biosensors
6- optical biosensor
9. Property of a good biosensor
1) Highly specific for analyte.
2) The response should be linear over a broad
spectrum.
3) It should be small and low cost and easy to
use .
4) Its cost should be lower than conventional
test
5) It should be fast , reliable and repeatable .
10. Food Analysis
Study of biomolecules and their interaction
Drug Development
Crime detection
Medical diagnosis (both clinical and laboratory
use)
Environmental field monitoring
Quality control
Industrial Process Control
Detection systems for biological warfare agents
Manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and replacement
organs
Application of Biosensor
11. Example of biosensors
Pregnancy test
Detects the hCG
protein in urine.
Glucose monitoring device (for diabetes patients)
Monitors the glucose level in the blood.
