Independent Business Report 2018-2 Week 4 SubmissionNameClass.docx

Independent Business Report 2018-2 Week 4 Submission
Name:
Class:
Chen Siyu
In your report, you should show at least FIVE displays of
numerical data such as tables, charts, graphs. Explain them
here. Diagrams, flow charts and other graphics are not
numerical data.
This submission is graded; 10% of the course grade. Late
submissions are not accepted for grading.
（Dioko, L.2012).
Source (as given in the reference list, APA 6th edition format)
Dioko, L.(2012). Branding destinations versus branding hotels
in a gaming destination—Examining the nature and significance
of co-branding effects in the case study of Macao. International
Journal of Hospitality Management,31(2), 554-563.
doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.07.015
Interpretation
This data has 494 people interviewed. There were over 50%
people come from Chinese mainland, and almost tourists from
come from Chinese mainland which is near Macau, such as
come from Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian provinces. Taiwan and
Hong Kong occupies the biggest proportion in the market
segment in the sample. According to the table returning visitor
occupies 67.9%, this data can use in the essay to analysis, why
these people can usually visit Macau, this is appearance can
explain China’s Special Administration Region (SAR) affect
Macau tourism. Just like the data shown in this table, there were
13.7% people primarily for gambling. Actually in China only
Macau can legal gambling, and this policy connect Macau’s
SAR. Therefore SAR affect Macau tourism, this table can
support the essay title.

(Macau Tourist Arrivals - Forecast. n.d.)
Macau Tourist Arrivals - Forecast. (n.d.). Retrieved March 20,
2018, from https://tradingeconomics.com/macau/tourist-
arrivals/forecast
Interpretation
This line table shows Macau tourism arrival forecast. From
2001 to 2016 the trend of this table is keep growing. According
to the table from 2001 to 2007, the trend rise up fast, in 2008 to
2009 the trend decrease because of financial crisis. After the
financial crisis the trend still keep increasing. Macau return
back to China in 1999, therefore, SAR has affect Macau tourism
development. This table provide evidence to the essay.
(Macau Tourism Revenue. n.d.)
Macau Tourism Revenue | Economic Indicators | CEIC. (n.d.).
Retrieved March 20, 2018, from
https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/macau/tourism-revenue
Interpretation
This table shows in ten years Macau tourism revenue trend. In
the ten years Macau tourism grows up fast, but in 2014 to 2015,
Macau tourism revenue at the first time has reduce trend. This
about China Macro policy affect, in 2014 to 2015, China has a
big anti-corruption policy. Since, gambling was affected by this
policy, and then the Macau tourism has reduced. However, at
the same time China open new tourism policy, such as extend
the date of Hong Kong and Macau pass and quickly apply Hong
Kong and Macau pass. The China mainland citizen who come
from Shenzhen and Guangzhou city, can apply long term Hong
Kong and Macau pass. These policies attract more China
mainland tourists arrive to Macao. The Chief of Macao SAR

explain gambling is not the only one main tourism in Macao.
Macao tourism needs diversified development. Thus, SAR can
affect Macao tourism development.
(DSEC, n.d.)
DSEC, (n.d.). Retrieved March 20, 2018, from
http://www.dsec.gov.mo/Statistic.aspx?NodeGuid=7b23463a-
d253-4750-bd12-958030df5ccb
Interpretation
This table describes Macao Tourism cumulative hotel average
occupancy rate and number of guests check in Macao’s hotels.
The raw data from 1999 to 2017. In theses the average
occupancy in Macao is keep increasing, and the number of
guests still grow up fast. This can support from 1999 to 2017,
SAR has positive affect to Macao tourism and hospitality
development.
Macao Tourism Types
Macao SAR Development Statements
Business environment for the tourism
Increase non-gaming products, developing diversified
entertainment facilities and activities. Expend new visitor
sources market. Make tourist get more different experiences and
get more memorable moment in Macao.
Quality tourism
Comprehensive promotion tourism service quality. Promote
hospitality and tourism industry improve to international
standards. Incorporation investment and construction various
resort facilities. It provide opportunity for improve tourism

product quality.
Culture tourism
Advertise Macao’s uniqueness history and culture. Create more
diverse culture tourist attraction attract for attracting worldwide
tourists nurture Macao’s creative industries developing.
(Macao Tourism Industry Development Master Plan. 2017)
Macao Tourism Industry Development Master Plan (2017).
Retrieved March 22, 2018, from
https://masterplan.macaotourism.gov.mo/Summary_Report_en.p
df
Interpretation
According to Macao Tourism Industry Development Master
Plan. This qualitative data table collection relevant information
from this Summary report.
Internal Control and audit
COURSEWORK ASSESSMENT BRIEF
This assignment is to be in an report format and completed on
an individual basis.
Submission deadline is Tuesday 1st May 2018 by 11:59pm.
The assignment brief and submission guidelines are detailed
below:
Learning Outcomes TO BE Assessed:
· Critically evaluate within business organisations as tools to
reduce business risks.
· Explain and evaluate accounting and internal control risks and
systems.

· Appraise and critically review control risks and procedures
necessary to mitigate such risks.
· Explain and evaluate internal control procedures.
· Explain and evaluate internal audit procedures.
· Explain and be aware of the extending internal audit horizons.
· Use both quantitative and qualitative techniques in order to
analyse and evaluate issues relating to internal controls and
audit.
It may be that, due to the possible diversity of student response,
learning outcomes will be covered to differing / varying degrees
by each student.
ASSIGNMENT BRIEF
‘Historically, internal audit has been viewed as a monitoring
function, the "organizational policeman and watchdog"
(Morgan, 1979, p. 161), tolerated as a necessary component of
organizational control but deemed subservient to the
achievement of major corporate objectives. An examination of
the pressures on internal audit in recent years reveals the
struggle to demonstrate that the function can add value.’
Spira, L. and Page, M.(2003) Risk management: The reinvention
of internal control and the changing role of internal audit
Accounting, Auditing &Accountability Journal, Vol 16, No 4,
pp 640-661
Drawing upon suitable theories, frameworks and evidence from
literature to support your argument/s, critically evaluate and
discuss whether or not internal audit does indeed add value to
an organisation.
Your submission should be properly referenced (Harvard
System) using academic sources and should be no more than

4,000 words (excluding reference list and any appendices).
Further assignment information
SUBMISSION GUIDELINES:
· Hand-in date for this assignment is Tuesday 1st May 2018 by
11:59pm.
· Your answer should be submitted FOR THE ATTENTION OF
Lucy Morrison
· Submission of this assignment should be in one format:
· An electronic version must be submitted through TURNITIN
(via Blackboard) also by the above deadline.
· The overall assignment should be of no more than 4,000 words
in total.
· Note that the list of references is not included in the word
count.
· All of the usual University regulations will apply with regard
to the late submission of work and plagiarism – see the
module/programme handbook for an outline of certain areas.
· All grades are provisional until ratified by the programme
board.
· A breakdown of how the essay will be assessed is provided for
you below:
Assessment Criteria
% of total marks
Introduction
15
Main content (credit will be given to the use of contemporary
examples and recent cases)
50
Conclusion
15
Structure and overall style
10

Referencing
10
TOTAL
100
Undergraduate
Hospitality & ESE
Individual Business Report HA7025
Handbook
Semester 2018.2
BULLE CAMPUS

GLION INSTITUTE OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Individual Business Report Handbook 2018.2
2
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION 4
SECTION 1 – Selecting your topic and issue/question 5
SECTION 2 – Research 6
SECTION 3 – The Process 7
SECTION 4 – Format and Structure 8
Format 8
Structure 8
Standard Glion Assignment Front Page 8
Word count 9
Title Page 9
Executive Summary 9

Table of Contents 9
List of Tables and Figures 9
Introduction 9
Data Presentation and Analysis 10
Conclusion and Recommendations 10
References 10
Appendices 10
SECTION 5 – Grading 12
Grading Criteria 12
SECTION 6 – Procedure for Tutorials and Submissions 13
CONCLUSION 15
3
INTRODUCTION
This handbook should help you to understand the Individual
Business Report (IBR) course and clarify

what is required in order to meet the requirements of the
module. You should also carefully study the
Course Syllabus and Project Outline documents.
The IBR is a “capstone” project, where you show that you can
use the academic and practical skills you
have developed during your studies, employing research,
analysis and expository techniques in a
purposeful way. You will be encouraged to produce the best
work you can do, that you can be proud of.
Among the important qualities that should be demonstrated in
the report are:
discrimination to select relevant,
quality sources to provide evidence and support for your ideas.
inference, and reflection are essential at
this level. Simple description or comparison is inadequate.
e a clear purpose; a business
issue or question to be resolved or
answered.
with adequate explanation and

interpretation.
professional standards using academic
and business conventions, within a prescribed structure and
format.
Each student will have his/her own topic and purpose for the
project. The overall goal is to answer a
single business question. Simply writing about a subject is not
acceptable; a business question must
be answered, with credible results and recommendations for
action.
The course has only a few class-based lessons at the beginning
of the first block of the semester,
where the concepts and requirements are set out. Students then
begin to research and build their
report during the remainder of the semester. Three submissions
to the Moodle platform are required, for
which written feedback will be provided, before the final report
is presented. Three individual tutorials
will allow the student to discuss their progress and receive more
detailed feedback and advice
This project is demanding. Expectations are high. A pass is
essential before a degree can be awarded.
Success will come from understanding the requirements,

application and hard work. You will not
succeed if you do the minimum for each Moodle submission and
leave most of the work until the end;
you will succeed if you pay attention during the initial classes
and plan how to do your work throughout
the semester.
Guidance and support is available. The rest is up to you. I hope
you enjoy the project, and create work
that is a credit to you and to the school.
4
SECTION 1
Selecting your topic and
issue/question
Your choice of general topic area, and of the specific
issue/question you will answer, is crucial for your
success.
A poorly-chosen topic and question/issue could result in you
struggling to find enough relevant data to
support your work, or in you “drowning” in data and struggling
to find clarity.

Remember, you are not being assessed on your product or
technical knowledge; the purpose of the
IBR project is to show your capabilities in building a formal
business document that uses research
findings and analysis to answer a specific issue/question with
credible recommendations. You will
achieve a good grade through demonstrating critical thinking,
selecting good quality, relevant
sources to support your work, and following the
format/structure guidelines.
Ideally you can find a topic which interests you, and for which
you can obtain good secondary data.
There should be some published academic material (research
papers, conference proceedings and the
like) which you can use in your writing for comparison,
illumination and support, in addition to industry
and specific data/information from non-academic sources.
Your topic must be related to a specific business, or a specific
area of business and has to be related
to the hospitality sector.
Once a business or business area has been selected, the main
issue/question should be formulated.
This must allow a credible, logical answer to be provided within
the report. Here are some examples of
questions that could be answered through research (using
secondary sources) and analysis:
-service technology
while maintaining their reputation for
high-quality, personal service?
should Swiss hotels and tourism facilities adapt to the

growing numbers of Russian and
Chinese tourists?
social media within its CRM
programme?
tern or local
managers?
many new stores?
Your first submitted work is to propose your topic and
issue/question, with your reasons, and with some
evidence that you can find sufficient supporting information.
Only when your topic is approved by the
tutor should you start to conduct real research and begin to
build your report.
5
SECTION 2
Research

For this IBR project only secondary data should be used. This
means that no original research is
permitted. You must rely on information that is already
published, and not conduct surveys or
measurements of your own.
Your ability to find, evaluate and interpret information is one of
the main factors being assessed
in this work.
You should use skill and discrimination in selecting the best,
most appropriate sources for your
supporting data and information. You will need a mix of
academic sources (typically used for discussing
and supporting ideas, concepts and practice) and non-academic
sources (typically used for background
information, history, company details, market data, product
information, statistics).
It is important to demonstrate in your work that you have read
widely around your topic, and that you
have used the most suitable sources as references. For a project
of this size and complexity, a
minimum of 20 references would be normal. Typically, to find
20 good sources to use as references,
you should expect to find and check about 100. GIHE
recommends Mendeley as a good, free resource
for storing and organizing sources (Mendeley.com). You need a
minimum of 8 academic sources, plus
as many non-academic sources as you require.
For institutions like GIHE using the APA 6th edition
referencing system, a reference is a source that is
referred to in the text. Therefore, for every source which has an
in-text reference, there must be a
corresponding entry in the Reference List at the end of the

work. Similarly, there can be no sources in
the Reference List that do not have an in-text reference.
Academic sources should be relevant and appropriately up-to-
date. It is sometimes acceptable to use
older academic sources if they refer to “classic” concepts (e.g.
Porter’s Five Forces, first published in
1979, are still taught and discussed in business strategy and
marketing courses), but it would not be
appropriate to use a source more than two years old when
discussing mobile devices as marketing
channels. If you have doubts about the relevance of a particular
source, check with the tutor.
The databases of academic and industry information accessible
through the GIHE library, together with
the books and papers held in-house, provide an excellent range
and depth of material. Further sources
can be found using the internet, but care must be exercised to
ensure that internet sources are
reliable and suitable for use in a formal report.
6
SECTION 3
The Process

The purpose of using this process is to ensure that you have the
necessary guidance as your work
progresses, thereby avoiding any finished report that does not
meet the requirements. Following this
procedure will ensure that you have confidence in your work,
and that a good grade is possible.
1. Attend the initial classes in weeks 1 to 2 of the semester;
study the course documentation;
ensure you thoroughly understand the requirements of the
project and how to get a good
grade.
2. Select a topic area.
3. Formulate a focused business issue/question.
4. Test, by doing some basic investigation, that there is
sufficient data and information, and
academic sources, available to support your report.
5. In week 4, present the data and information that you have
selected, explaining why it was
selected and how it is to be used as evidence in the report.
6. Obtain approval and feedback from your tutor during week 4
– 7, in the first individual tutorial
session, by appointment
7. Begin the formal research process, selecting and saving
sources and information to be used in
your report.
8. Prepare a draft report. This should be your best effort at a

finished document.
9. In week 10, submit your draft report, which should be
complete in every respect.
10. Obtain feedback from your tutor during weeks 11-2 in the
second individual tutorial session, by
appointment.
11. Edit and revise your report as required.
12. Submit the final, finished report to Moodle and in print in
week 14.
7
SECTION 4
Format and Structure
Format
The IBR project uses the formatting suggested in the APA 6th
edition guidelines. This includes the use
of a clear, legible font such as Times New Roman, size 12,
double line spacing, wide margins, clear
numbering and headings for sections and so on. The
submissions to Turnitin are in Word format.
Details will be found in the Project Outline. Failure to follow

the formatting guidelines will result in lost
grade points.
Structure
Your IBR will normally include the following
elements/sections:
a) The standard Glion Assignment front page including the
signed statement of authorship and
word count
b) Title Page
c) Executive Summary
d) Table of Contents
e) List of Tables and Figures
f) Introduction/Background
g) Data Presentation and Analysis
h) Conclusion and Recommendations
i) References
j) Appendices (if required)
This simple structure may be varied to suit the particular needs
of your report. Your tutor will be able to
help you if you need advice on this aspect.
Standard Glion Assignment Front Page

The standard Glion Assignment front page should be used with
an amended statement as below. The
word count should be stated
Statement of authorship
I certify that this IBR report is new and original work which I
have researched and written myself, and
which contains no material that has been accepted for the award
of any degree or diploma in any
institute, college or university, including my own previous
work. I confirm that no part of this report,
except where clearly quoted and referenced, has been copied
from material belonging to any other
person e.g. from a book, internet source, handout, another
student. I am aware that it is a breach of
GIHE regulations to copy the work of another without clear
acknowledgement and that attempting to do
so renders me liable to disciplinary procedures. To this effect, I
have uploaded my work onto Turnitin
and have ensured that I have made any relevant corrections to
my work prior to submission.I also
understand that under no circumstances should any part of this
IBR be published, including on the
internet, or publicly displayed without receiving written
permission from the school.
8
Word count

The range permitted is 4000 words plus or minus 10% (3600 to
4400). This excludes the cover pages,
contents pages, Executive Summary, references and appendices.
Work which is to small, or too large
may be subject to a grade reduction of 2 points per hundred
words outside the requirement.
Title Page
This should contain the title of your IBR and you may wish to
embellish this with a design appropriate to
your piece of work.
Executive Summary
A summary, NOT A DESCRIPTION, covering half to three
quarters of an A4 page. It must include the
purpose of the study, the scope of the work, an overview of the
content of the IBR, the method of
investigation, the main findings, conclusions and a summary of
the recommendations. The Executive
Summary should be written in the past tense and in the 3rd
person passive. You are advised to write
this last, after the body of your work is complete.
Table of Contents
This should be a tabulated list showing each section of the IBR
and the page number on which it
begins. Because the sections are numbered, then a numbered
entry for each sub-section should
appear in the contents list. Word can be used to do this
automatically and it is recommended that you

use this facility. It will also allow you to compile a table of
contents automatically.
List of Tables and Figures
This should contain the number of each Table / Figure, its title
and the page number on which it
appears in the text. Number sequences should be separate for
Tables & Figures.
Introduction
This should be written from the perspective of an employee
working within an organization, or an
external consultant, whose task is to offer an analysis with
recommendations for a question or issue
that the organisation is currently facing. The business rationale
for finding this solution needs to be
explained along with a broad theoretical umbrella under which
the scope of the research will take place.
The process of data analysis is to be explained. The
formulation of objectives is not mandatory (the
purpose is in the executive summary). Only a brief mention of
methodology is required, since this is
constrained by the PO.
9
Data Presentation and Analysis

The data to be presented should be introduced, presented,
described, analysed and then, most
critically, the findings from the process need to be clearly
identified for use in the Conclusion and
Recommendations section.
It is important that data needs to be consistently presented and
from the same, or similar time frame (as
far as possible). Sources need to be referenced appropriately
and if data has been collated from a
number of sources then all sources need to be stated as a part of
the whole reference. If a table of
figures for example has been reduced from its original source
then please use the phrase ‘Adapted
from’ and then the original source.
When analysing quantitative data, it is essential that ‘raw’ data
is translated into data for your specific
study.
When analysing qualitative data, it must be exposed to a
minimum analysis of tabulation in order to
identify similarities and/or differences, key themes and allow
for comparison between cases. It is not
sufficient to simply describe the differences as you see them;
moreover it needs to be clearly visible to
the reader by extracting it from the text.
For both quantitative and qualitative data analysed, it is critical
to clearly state the key findings that this
has allowed you as the researcher to extract. It is advised that
these are clearly stated at the end of
each section of your data presentation.

Conclusions and Recommendations
The conclusions that you have drawn from the analysis of the
data collected should be discussed in
relation to your business issue/question. It may also be
discussed in relation to any previous academic
research into your subject area, including any models that you
may have introduced in the introduction
to your IBR. It may also be corroborated by research that has
been carried out in the sphere of
business, for example by Consultancy or Business Analysis
Organisations. This section is the key
section where you demonstrate your analytical skills and critical
thinking and should be based only on
the findings and results from your study. From this position you
then need to extrapolate the
implications of the findings of your research and make credible,
realistic recommendations for your
business. Recommendations must include some recognition of
the costs and timescales involved, and
clearly state the benefits to be expected.
References
The in-text referencing and reference list need to be in
accordance with APA 6th edition referencing
requirements.
Appendices
The criteria for placing or not placing an item in an appendix
are:

10
a) If the information is essential for the readers to understand
the points you want to make, then this
information needs to be presented in the main body of the text.
b) If it requires for the readers to constantly refer to the
information in order to understand the text,
then, this information needs to be included in the main body of
the text.
c) More lengthy and complex material, which is supplied as
supporting evidence but is not required for
understanding the text, may be attached as an appendix.
11
SECTION 5
GRADING
Your tutor will mark your final paper. The grading rubric of the
IBR is shown in the Project Outline,
available on Moodle, with a breakdown of the grading bands
and descriptors for each section.

– data presentation -10%
– final draft - 20%
– final report – 70%
Two grades will be entered in to the GIHE system: Mark 1
represents 30% of the course grade and
includes grades for the week 4 and week 10 submissions; Mark
2 represents 70% of the course
grade and is the grade for the final report.
GRADING CRITERIA (FINAL REPORT)
CRITERIA WEIGHT
1. Executive Summary and Introduction
The Executive Summary should clearly outline the key purpose,
method, findings and recommendations of the
research and should be no more than 300 words (less than one
page). In the introduction, the chosen business
topic is clearly explained, outlining the rationale for the report
with appropriate background information,
including a connection to the theory/theories against which the
secondary data and information is to be
collected. The main question/issue to be dealt with is clearly
defined. The sources of data and information need
to be identified and justified in terms of their relevance and
validity. The methods of data interpretation and
analysis should be explained in relation to this data collection
strategy.
10%
2. Extent and quality of research
The list of References shows that the writer has read widely on
the subject and taken care to cite only the most

relevant sources. There are at least eight academic sources. All
other sources are of high quality and reliability.
All sources are used to make a useful contribution to the work,
not simply cited with no interpretation.
20%
3. Data Presentation and Analysis
The data is clearly laid out in a methodical manner, with
appropriate explanations. It is sequentially organised in
relation to the business question/issue stated in the introduction.
All data (and other supporting information)
should be introduced, presented, analysed and interpreted.
Every item of data or information must be used as
relevant evidence to support the findings and recommendations.
20%
4. Critical Thinking and Exegesis
Theory, derived from relevant academic sources, is used as a
starting point for the critical analysis of evidence.
Logical interpretation will lead to a clear answer to the business
question, supported by concrete
recommendations.
20%
5. Conclusions and Recommendations
The key themes, findings and issues are discussed in relation to
the main business question, thus being linked
back to the purpose of the report. The conclusions and
recommendations for action should then be clearly
stated. Recommendations are credible and take account of cost,
difficulty and timescale. There should be no
conclusion or recommendation that is not clearly based on the
evidence and reasoning in the report.

20%
6. Synthesis and referencing
The G.I.H.E referencing and presentation requirements need to
be observed, and the study should be presented
in a way that befits the professionalism required when working
in the academic and business worlds. The writing
should be cohesive and comprehensible, using good grammar,
syntax and orthography.
10%
Maximum Mark 100%
NB: The Final Report represents 70% of the overall course
grade.
12
SECTION 6
PROCEDURE FOR TUTORIALS
AND SUBMISSIONS
WEEK 1, 2
For the first two weeks of the semester, IBR students will attend
scheduled classes. The purpose and
content of the course will be explained. Criteria for success will
be reviewed.

WEEK 3
Students refine their choice of broad topic area and their
business issue/question; they make sure that
sufficient supporting material (academic and non-academic) is
available.
WEEK 4
Graded submission to Moodle of the data to be used in the
report. Data must be appropriately
presented but above all, all data and information must be
described, interpreted and analysed as
evidence that leads to the conclusion and recommendations.
Submission in a Word format document.
WEEK 5 & 7
First individual tutorial session. The student’s topic and
question, together with their evidence for the
availability of suitable supporting materials, will be reviewed.
The proposed data and other sources will
be reviewed and evaluated.The direction and content of the
planned report will be discussed.
WEEK 8 & 9
Students work on the development of their research.
WEEK 10
Graded submission of the draft report. The draft report must be
complete in all respects. Submission in
a Word format document.

WEEK 10, 11 & 12
Second individual tutorial session. The draft report will be
discussed and evaluated. The aim is for
students to have a clear action plan to modify and edit their
report in order to maximize their grade.
WEEK 14
Students upload their final IBR onto Moodle (the complete
document in Word format, docx; .pdf will not
be accepted), and hand in a printed copy to the Academic
Reception in the Academic Centre before the
due date and time (given in the PO). Late submissions will be
given a grade of zero and students will
have to go through the resubmission process.
13
CONCLUSION
As stated in the introduction, the purpose of this handbook is to
help you to understand the process of
the IBR and to clarify what is required in order to meet the
requirements of the module.
Follow the guidelines, make use of the help and support
available to you, and you should be able to
produce a good piece of work, obtaining a grade that reflects
the enthusiasm and care that you

invested.
If you still have queries, then please feel free to contact your
tutor at any time during the semester.
Our best wishes for a successful IBR!
14
GIHE LEVEL 6 Grading Guidelines – (semester 5, 6 to 7).
Grade Learning Descriptor
80– 100%
Excellent
a) Knowledge: A clear and exact demonstration of systematic
knowledge and the
critical understanding of the subject area: all arguments
carefully developed and
clearly shown. Considered and effective use of literature
beyond that supplied in
the classroom. Data specialist in nature and informed by the
existing body of
knowledge.

15
b) Cognitive: Synthesize, critically evaluate, and challenge
information. Apply
knowledge and understanding accurately to a range of issues,
questions and
problems. Apply established techniques to synthesize, critically
evaluate and
challenge information. Recognizes the uncertainty, ambiguity
and limits to
knowledge. Clear evidence of thinking and links to originality.
c) Professional Competencies: Engage, as appropriate practical
and profession
skills and relevant ethical issues.
d) Transferable Skills: communicate complex information,
arguments, and ideas
effectively and appropriately to explore issues and problems,
use recognized
literature, ICT, and planning; excellent report structure with
APA presentation of
figures, tables, references (in-text and list) where appropriate.
Evidence of
originality and novelty present.
70 – 79%
Very Good

a) Knowledge: A sound grasp of the subject material, with
some critical
understanding and logical arguments shown. Reasonable
evidence of wider study
beyond the classroom.
b) Cognitive: Knowledge applied and used appropriately.
Evidence of synthesis,
critical review, and arguments. Evidence of critical thinking
and evaluation of
data.
e) Professional Competencies: Some engagement, as
appropriate practical and
profession skills and relevant ethical issues.
c) Transferable Skills: evidence of complex information and
argument’s evident,
considered use of communication tools, literature, ICT, and
planning; well
organized report; appropriate choice and APA presentation of
figures and tables;
clearly presented throughout.
50 – 69%
Pass
a) Knowledge: Reasonable understanding of subject matter with
some critical
review and evaluation, but some flaws and errors evident. Only
limited evidence
of wider study and use of literature information.
b) Cognitive: Knowledge used to interpret data with some

knowledge application
evident. But problems found in overall logic and argument.
Limited critical review
and evaluation, thus thinking not shown.
c) Professional Competencies: Little evidence of key skill
development in line with
practical and/or professional problem solving.
d) Transferable Skills: considered use of communication tools,
literature, ICT, and
planning; a generally clear report with acceptable format, but
some errors in APA
style and/or omissions in presentation.
40 – 49%
Fail
a) Knowledge: Limited understanding of the topic with a
minimal critical application
or evaluation; considerable factual errors evident. Virtually no
inclusion of
literature information beyond lecture materials.
b) Cognitive: Knowledge used to describe, a limited application
of knowledge
shown. Limited evidence of argument and logical thinking.
c) Professional Competencies: Limited evidence of skills
development in line with
practical or professional development or problem solving.
d) Transferable Skills: inadequate use of communication tools,

ICT, and some
planning; little attention given to the report structure; a very
limited use of
illustrative tables and figures. APA problems evident and
serious flaws in
presentation shown.
20-39%
Fail
a) Knowledge: Minimal understanding of the subject; serious
factual errors evident.
No critical review or evaluation evident.
b) Cognitive: Very limited argument or logic shown. Poor
evidence of thought.
c) Professional Competencies: Poor evidence of skills
development.
d) Transferable Skills: poor use of communication tools,
literature, ICT, and
planning; poorly structured report; disorganized, missing
sections, minimal
presentation of supporting data.
0 – 19%
Fail
a) Knowledge: Very poor coverage of material with little

relevant information
evident. Virtually no evidence of understanding or exploration.
A few lines of
relevant material or no material at all.
b) Cognitive: No argument or logic shown.
c) Professional Competencies: None shown
d) Transferable Skills: minimal attempt to provide a structured
answer. Poor.
16
The qualitative criteria includes consideration of
– use of sections, diagrams,
figures, citation of references,
neatness etc.
answer
standard taught materials
her with synthesis and
evaluation

simulations, applied business
projects, final reports/end of term papers, long answer
examination.
Research Proposal Siyu Chen H633.3 2017.2
Section
Word Counts
Introduction

538
Literature review
691
Methodology
576
Total
1805
Table of Contents
1.Introduction 4
1.1. Background 4
1.2. Rational of the study 5
1.3.Aim and Objectives 5
2. Literature Review7
2.1. Major Tourists 7
2.2. Gaming Profit 7
2.3. Cultural Tourism 8
2.4. Shopping Tourism 9
3. Methodology 10
3.1. Research Approach 10
3.2. Data Collection Methods 10
3.3. Data Analysis 11
3.4. Trustworthiness 11
3.5. Limitation 12
List of References 13
1. Introduction:
1.1 Background
In the 16th century, it is the first time of Portuguese
businessmen arrived in Macau. After that, Macau became a
seaport transfer station. (Coleman, 2013) From 19th century to
the beginning of 20th century is the worst time of China, with

the invasion of imperialist countries, China began to degenerate
into a semi colonial and semi feudal country. (History of Macau
as a Portuguese Colony. 2014)During this period China signed
many humiliating agreement. At that time China lost territorial
sovereignty of Hong Kong and Macau. On March 26th, 1887,
China’s government agree with Portugal had the right of
“perpetual occupation” of Macau. Although the agreement
provides Portugal cannot transfer the right of Macau to the third
party without China’s allowance, in fact China to be
incapacitated from the right of Macau’s occupation until to
1999, Macau returned to China. (Coleman, 2013)
The time of occupation of Macau by Portugal and Hong Kong
by British, Macau and Hong Kong practiced capitalism.
Therefore, before Hong Kong and Macau return to China, in
1984 Chinese president Deng Xiaoping put forward “one
country, two systems”. Its meaning Hong Kong and Macau can
continue keep capitalism system, and China government
recognizes and respects the special of Hong Kong and Macau.
Basic on “one country, two systems” China established Special
Administrative Region in Hong Kong and Macau. Since, Hong
Kong and Macau has high autonomy. They have their own
administration, legislation and judicial, except national defense
and diplomacy. Although the difference between socialism and
capitalism is huge, Macau and Hong Kong still keep the fastest
of economic growth in the world. (Staff, 2014)
1.2 Rationale of the study
Currently, tourism and China are the hot social topic in the
university. Tourism promotes country economic and advertises
country culture to enhance country international status. China is
a big country in the world, in the 21st century; China is
developing rapidly at information technology, high speed rail
technology, navigation technology and space technology etc.
Following China’s strong, more and more foreign friends visit
China. Macau is one of the world famous Chinese cities,
therefore every year there are a lots of Chinese visitors and
foreign tourist come to Macau. The Special Administrative

provides good tourism conditions.
Macau named the East Las Vegas, so gaming is the major
resources of Macau economic. According to Tourism In China,
before Macau return to China, Macau is gaming-led tourism
economy, after 1999, Macau to be one of the Special
Administrative Region in China. Therefore, Macau changes
gaming-led tourism economy to tourism-led service economy.
(Airey, D. W., & Chong, K. 2017. P233.) Because of Macau is
Special Administrative Region, so gambling in Macau is legal.
However, in general Chinese constitution gambling is illegal,
therefore, Macau from simplex gaming-led tourism change to
multifaceted tourism. This change attach more tourists come to
Macau, not narrow gaming tourists.
1.3 Aims & Objectives
To study Special Administrative Region impact Macau tourism,
analysis three aspects: gaming, culture and shopping.
1. To investigation who is major tourist come to Macau
2. To analyze gaming create how much tourism profit to Macau
3. Discuss how does Macau Special Administrative Region
government promote culture tourism
4. To carry out Special Administrative Region provides
conveniences to shopping tourists.

2. Literature Review:
2.1 Major Tourists
Tourism In China (Airey, D. W., & Chong, K. 2017. P233.)
describes after 1999, there are 7.4 million tourists visited to
Macau, and Hong Kong leisure occupied almost 56 percent. As
time goes on, in 2008 there are 22.9 million tourists arrival in
Macau, and tourists not narrow of Hong Kong citizen, these
tourists from all over the world. These tourists provide multiple
markets development opportunity. The reason of Macau
tourists’ data rise up is Special Administrative Region
expending Macau tourism market demand.
Fowling with tourists increase, the tax of tourism also growth
on. It provides billions of profit. According to Macao Tourism
Industry Development Master Plan, in the “12th Five-Year plan
for Economic and Social Development of People’s Republic of
China”, Macau Special Administrative Region government put
forward building a tourist destination economic. (Macao
Tourism Industry Development Master Plan, n.d.) Therefore,
Special Administrative Region impact Macau tourism
developing.
2.2 Gaming profit
Gaming is the major economic resources of Macau. In the world
Macau is famous for Gaming. Gaming pushes Macau’s tourism
developing. In 2002, Macau government and China government
open Macau gaming market, and then Macau as soon as possible
increase economic. Gambling provides great income, improve
social welfare and stimulate consumer spending, these
motivation established gaming industry in Macau. (Wu, S., &
Chen, Y. 2015)
Gaming attaches gaming-led tourists, more and more gaming-
led tourists visit Macau, promote Macau hospitality industry
developing. Now, many casino hotels appear in Macau, that is
easy for gaming player enjoy gambling and also convenience for
gaming-led tourist get rest in Macau. There are create a lots of

employment opportunity along with casino hotels developing.
Gaming also stimulates consumer shopping desire.
In fact, gaming market also provide huge tax revenue for Macau
Special Administrative Region government. Macau government
can use these revenue return back to Macau city construction.
Such as build Nature Park, Macau museum, Macau culture
center and ocean park etc. public tourist attractions and cultural
facilities. Further promote Macau tourism development.
2.3 Cultural Tourism
Before 1999, Macau was not return to China. Macau was
occupation by Portugal, when Macau returned to China, Macau
Special Administrative Region government still keeping
Portugal eating habits and Portugal style architecture, such as
churches. Therefore Macau combines East and West cultural.
People walking on Macau’s street, there are includes Portugal
food restaurants, traditional Chinese style snack bar. Macau is a
seaport, so the sea food of Macau is very delicious and fresh.
This is a highlight of Macau travel; it attracts more tourists
because of the collision of different cultural. The foreign
tourists also can easy join in Macau trip.
Macau has 500 years history. There are a lot of scenic spots and
historical sites. Macau has rich tourism resources and unique
cultural charming. Macau located at southern of China.
Therefore the sea around Macau and the north of Macau has
mountain and there are many temples. Tourists come to Macau
can swim in the sea, play on the bitch, and also can view
Chinese Mountain. This is a good place for tourists avoids
summer heat, relation and fit for take a vacation.
Moreover, Macau citizen can speak mandarin, canoness, English
and Portuguese. So many foreign tourists can easy communicate
with Macau citizen. That can improve the first impress of
foreign tourists, make them feeling friendly.
2.4 Shopping Tourism
From 19th centre, Macau already is a transfer seaport to connect
with foreign navigating. In the early time, Macau plays an
important role for China diplomacy and overseas trade. Because

of Macau is a seaport, there are abounding products are tax free.
Therefore it attach a lots of shopping tourist arrive to Macau.
(Wong, I. K. 2013)
On the geography, Macau neighbor with Hong Kong, mainland
of China, and near Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. The products
of these places in Macau are cheaper than other country.
Moreover, the transportation is convenient. From Hong Kong to
Macau there is pleasure-boat and helicopters arrive and depart.
On the other hand, the shopping center and almost developed
hotel also can satisfy different consumer demand. Since, many
tourists are shopping in Macau.
3. Methodology:
3.1 Research approach
In the article is inductive, so it will uses qualitative data
collection and quantitative data collection. Survey and case
study are the major research methodologies.
Qualitative data collection is collection abounded data about the
article of the author. Normally, read more academic article to
collection needful word and graph’s information. After
collection data, author needs complex and analysis, and then
describes the data analysize. Qualitative data collection can
improve article reliability and professional degree. However, it
is short of data accuracy. (9 Mixing Data Collection Methods:
Lessons from Social Survey Research,. n.d.)
Quantitative data collection is one of the sides of
methodologies. Huge numbers of data provide more reliability
and strong mathematics. Author can collection abounded data
can easy established table, diagram and chart etc. reader can
easy get the information from these data. (9 Mixing Data
Collection Methods: Lessons from Social Survey Research,.
n.d.)

Compare these two data collection can make article to be
completeness.
I prefer write inductive article and use research philosophy. I
decided use both of qualitative and quantitative, because of I
will use survey and case study methodologies. Analysis survey
data and case study will use both of them.
3.2 Data collection methods
My topic is around Macau tourism developing. Therefore,
collection the data of Macau citizen survey is impossible for
me. So sample is the best way for me to collection data.
Population is a group of general data. Sample is extracting some
of units from population.
In the article, my primary decides the population of survey is
Chinese student abroad. The range of population is 20-30 age,
who has been Macau before. The sample will extract 30 people.
In my opinion potential population is the foreign tourists who
has been to Macau before or who is planning travel to Macau.
The data collection techniques, I prefer use interview. Travel
experience and the feeling during the travel time of samples are
different. In the interview I can better observe the psychology
of sample and better understand why they like or dislike Macau.
At the same time interview can get more surprise information
from sample people. This experience is valuable for my article.
3.3 Data Analysis
Data methods I will be applied interview and documentation.
Tabulation will be conducted. Because of tabulation is the most
convenience way for me to clear conduct the data.
3.4 Trustworthiness
Collection almost ten years the number Macau tourists arrive
data. Improve data correction and avoid to data mistakes.
Amount of data analysis can increase article reliability. In the
research article should be avoid self opinion. Because correct
data analysis play an important role of research article
trustworthiness.
Until now I cannot hundred percent make sure my research
article can be deliver, but I will try my best complete the

professional rate of my article.
3.5 Limitations
For the ethical concerns, I promise I will not reveal
interviewee’s personal privacy. During interview time, there are
no sensitive questions. After interview I will not harass
interviewee’s daily life.
List of References:
1. 9 Mixing Data Collection Methods: Lessons from Social
Survey Research,. (n.d.). Advances in Mixed Methods

Research, 138-149. doi:10.4135/9780857024329.d12
2. Airey, D. W., & Chong, K. (2017). Tourism in China: policy
and development since 1949. London: Routledge.
3. Coleman, D. (July, 2013). China country review (pp. 143-
151, Rep. No. 87829523). Retrieved November 10th, 2017, from
http://www.countrywatch.com/
4. History of Macau as a Portuguese Colony. (2014, August 22).
Retrieved November 25, 2017, from
https://yesterdaysshadow.wordpress.com/history-of-macau-as-a-
portuguese-colony/
5. Macao Tourism Industry Development Master Plan (n.d.).
Retrieved November 25, 2017, from
https://masterplan.macaotourism.gov.mo/Comprehensive_Report
_en.pdf.
6. Staff, I. (December 5th, 2014). Special Administrative
Region - SAR. Retrieved November 26, 2017, from
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/special-administrative-
region.asp
7. Wong, I. K. (2013). Mainland Chinese shopping preferences
and service perceptions in the Asian gaming destination of
Macau. Journal of Vacation Marketing,19(3), 239-251.
doi:10.1177/1356766712459737
8. Wu, S., & Chen, Y. (2015). The social, economic, and
environmental impacts of casino gambling on the residents of
Macau and Singapore. Tourism Management,48, 285-298.
doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2014.11.013
1
The Impact of China’s Special Administrative Region
on Macau Tourism
Siyu Chen
Submitted for: Bachelor of Business Administration in
Hospitality with
Events Management

Glion Institute of Higher
Education November 2017
Tutor: Claudio Zucco
GIHE© has copyright permission of this document.
The Impact of China’s Special Administrative Region on Macau
Tourism
Siyu Chen
Submitted for: Bachelor of Business Administration in
Hospitality with Events Management
Glion Institute of Higher Education November 2017
Tutor: Claudio Zucco
GIHE© has copyright permission of this document.

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