1.Allow the user to enter n, the number of values to be processed; then allocate an anonymous array of n doub1e values, storing its address in doublePtr. 2. Fill the anonymous array of Exercise 1 with ninput values, entered from the keyboard. 3. Compute and display the average of the values in the anonymous array of Exercise 1. 4.Deallocate the storage of the anonymous array of Exercise 1. 5. In Exercise 1, if the value of doublePtr is 1000 and double values are stored in 8 bytes, draw a memory map showing the addresses of the first few elements of the anonymous array. 6.Assuming that addresses are stored in 4 bytes and double values in 8 bytes, tell what output will be produced by the following statements: doubledubValues[] = {l.l, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5}; double * dubPtr = dubValues; for (inti = 0; i< 5; i++) cout<<sizeof(dubPtr + i) « “ “ <<sizeof(*(dubPtr + i)) « “ ” << *(dubPtr + i) « endl; 4.classCartesianPoint for a point (x, y) in a Cartesian coordinate system 10.Write and test a class for a Line, described by its slope and a point on the line, with functions that a. Find the point-slope equation of the line b. Find the slope-intercept equation of the line 12. Write a program to read the point and slope information for two lines and to determine whether they intersect or are parallel. If they intersect, find the point of intersection and also determine whether they are perpendicular. Use the classes CartesianPoint from Exercises 4 and 10 and Line from Problem 11 to represent points and lines, respectively. Zimmerman 1 David Zimmerman Instructor Cullom Ethnography Final, Draft WR 121, Fri 10:00 – 12:50 December 2nd, 2013 Passion and Murder: A Tale of two Méxicos. We have heard the phrase time and time again. “How well do you know your neighbor?” I set out to put this phrase to the test by exploring Mexico through multiple lenses. I wanted to learn about this country through the eyes of another individual, published academic research and relate it to what my assumptions were of the reality of the smallest country in North America. When I started off on this academic journey I found it hard to look past the media’s portrayal of Mexico as a kind of Wild West, a regime of lawlessness and a country controlled and in fear of the drug cartels that seemingly run the country with this highest rate of immigrants to the United States. I selected an informant, Daniella, who had grown up in Mexico but has been in the United States for the past few decades. I expected her to paint a very different picture of Mexico than she did. I had believed that the tough times I pictured in Mexico would lead to tough individuals who protected themselves emotionally from the atrocities that they had seen in their country. Yet I came to find out that she was one of the sweetest passionate women I have ever had the pleasure of meeting. When I had asked her if she was willing to do an interview about her home country of Mexico a week earlier, she lit up ...

1. 1.Allow the user to enter n, the number of values to be
processed; then allocate an
anonymous array of n doub1e values, storing its address in
doublePtr.
2. Fill the anonymous array of Exercise 1 with ninput values,
entered from the
keyboard.
3. Compute and display the average of the values in the
anonymous array of
Exercise 1.
4.Deallocate the storage of the anonymous array of Exercise 1.
5. In Exercise 1, if the value of doublePtr is 1000 and double
values are stored in 8 bytes, draw a memory map showing the
addresses of the first few elements of the anonymous array.
6.Assuming that addresses are stored in 4 bytes and double
values in 8 bytes, tell what output will be produced by the
following statements:
doubledubValues[] = {l.l, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5};
double * dubPtr = dubValues;
for (inti = 0; i< 5; i++)
cout<<sizeof(dubPtr + i) « “ “
<<sizeof(*(dubPtr + i)) « “ ”
<< *(dubPtr + i) « endl;
4.classCartesianPoint for a point (x, y) in a Cartesian coordinate
system
10.Write and test a class for a Line, described by its slope and a

2. point on the line, with functions that
a. Find the point-slope equation of the line
b. Find the slope-intercept equation of the line
12. Write a program to read the point and slope information for
two lines and to determine whether they intersect or are
parallel. If they intersect, find the point of intersection and also
determine whether they are perpendicular. Use the classes
CartesianPoint from Exercises 4 and 10 and Line from Problem
11 to represent points and lines, respectively.
Zimmerman 1
David Zimmerman
Instructor Cullom
Ethnography Final, Draft
WR 121, Fri 10:00 – 12:50
December 2nd, 2013
Passion and Murder: A Tale of two Méxicos.
We have heard the phrase time and time again. “How well
do you know your neighbor?” I set out to put this phrase to the
test by exploring Mexico through multiple lenses. I wanted to
learn about this country through the eyes of another individual,
published academic research and relate it to what my
assumptions were of the reality of the smallest country in North
America.
When I started off on this academic journey I found it hard
to look past the media’s portrayal of Mexico as a kind of Wild
West, a regime of lawlessness and a country controlled and in
fear of the drug cartels that seemingly run the country with this
highest rate of immigrants to the United States. I selected an
informant, Daniella, who had grown up in Mexico but has been
in the United States for the past few decades. I expected her to
paint a very different picture of Mexico than she did.

3. I had believed that the tough times I pictured in Mexico
would lead to tough individuals who protected themselves
emotionally from the atrocities that they had seen in their
country. Yet I came to find out that she was one of the sweetest
passionate women I have ever had the pleasure of meeting.
When I had asked her if she was willing to do an interview
about her home country of Mexico a week earlier, she lit up
with excitement. “Ooohh, you will get to hear all about my
Mexico,” she said with tears forming in her eyes. I knew from
that moment that I had chosen the right person. Not only was I
able to use her as research for my paper, but I was able to give
her the opportunity to tell her story, one that no one had ever
asked her to tell.
We nestled in a corner as the familiar, bold smell of
espresso wafts through the air. The whirr of beans grinding and
milk being steamed is accompanied by the hum of laptops to
form a cacophony of sounds all too familiar. I get up to grab my
latte, a large, as I knew I would be sitting there a while, and we
began. Sitting across from me is Daniella. A warm smile crosses
her face and her soft hazel eyes gaze in my direction. Her curly
dark brown hair glinted, even sparkled, in the soft light of the
shop. This was not the picture I had painted of the haggard
Mexican women who had been through the oppression of her
countries practices. No she looked proud of her Mexican
heritage. She had been born in Mexico city in 1959 well before
the widespread cartel takeover of Mexico and was about to turn
sixty years old when I interviewed her. She, unlike many
American women was so pleased at this. She was happy to be
alive and living. Daniella reflected the goodness in humanity
and the kindness that can appear in anyone.
I assumed that Mexican history as a people began with an
originally indigenous population influenced by the invasion of
Spain in previous centuries. The obvious result of this has been
the establishment of Spanish as the dominant language in the
country. It would also seem that this Spanish influence also
established Catholicism as the main religion in Mexico. Unless

4. I am mistaken, the Spanish empire at the time of the invasion
was still very close to the Vatican and catholic dogma. When I
asked Daniella about her religious background she smiled and
agreed that there are many Roman Catholics in Mexico.
“However I am Jewish and my grandfather is from Turkey.
There is actually a very large constituent of people of the
Jewish faith in Mexico. Not many people realize this.” The
kicker of all of this is that her family originally tried to
immigrate to the United States but with Ellis Island full of
immigrants they were sent down in Mexico instead.
Due to the nature in which our culture portrays Latino
communities having a stronger emphasis on family than
mainstream American culture does, I inferred that this would be
the case. I assumed that Mexicans live with their extended
families and put a strong emphasis on respecting and caring for
their elders even at the expense of their own well-being. With
family seemingly very important to Mexican families, I
imagined that weddings are a huge deal. I had assumed that the
small get together on the beach, a seemly growing trend in the
United States, is probably not an idea very popular in their
culture. I asked Daniella about this idea. She placed a hand
wrinkled from hard work on my arm and said:
“Yes, David, yes, it is very different.” It was as if she was
consoling me for not experiencing how it was down there. “In
Mexico, you don’t or didn’t used to…You lived at home until
you got married whether you were a girl or a boy. There was no
shame in that, and yes the extended family was always there,
playing a big role in our upbringing.”
I could tell how blessed she felt to be raised in Mexico until her
late twenties with so many loving family members intricately
part of her life. Since the death of her mother and moving to the
United States, she has not lived in the same city as her siblings
for over 30 years. It was clear to me from her big eyes staring
past me and the sigh that washed over her whole body how
important this part of Mexican culture is to her.
As her cultural pride permeated throughout her whole aura

5. I had decided to dig deeper and lighten the mood at the same
time. She beamed at me as she reminisced about something as
simple as a Mexican birthday party. Hands waive around as she
describes the all-day affairs. “There are not set times...” she
says giggling, “these are all day affairs; we are having a party
on Friday for Bradley, see you there, there is no four to six or
anything like that, they would start at noon and go late into the
evening”. She was trying to reflect the closeness and community
she feels even with Mexicans that are not her kin. They did have
maids, as they made enough money, but even they were treated
as part of the family, more as colleagues than employees. They
were meant to help out, not be subservient. Even the waiters and
other service positions there have pride. These are not
occupations to look down upon like they tend to be in the
United States. It is clearly a culture that is quite progressive and
tolerant. This surprised me somewhat as I had assumed that
Mexico was a somewhat of a developing country except for the
resort communities. To this day she had told me that she can
meet another woman of Mexican descent and can feel like she
has known that person for years.
What I knew of this country is that, Mexico shares a border with
the United States, one that is constantly patrolled for drug
smuggling, illegal immigrants, and firearms. Chiefly it had
come to my attention, the vast amounts of illegal drugs that
were being fed into the United States. According to U.S.
National Drug Intelligence Center numbers, organized crime
groups that perpetuate drug trafficking earned an estimated $17
billion to $38 billion a year just from wholesaling drugs to the
black markets of the United States (Kellner and Pipitone 30).
Mexico is a democratic country; however I have heard that the
politics in the past have been deeply corrupt to the point where
elections have allegedly been fixed for a particular candidate.
When I asked Danielle how the widespread corruption affected
her life in Mexico, if at all. She smiled: “It was great, at least
for me, because everything could be acquired under the table for
a price. You need a driver’s license? Do you want to take the

6. test or just slide something under the table? Do you think there
is no corruption here David? I prefer my corruption, Mexican
style.” This was something that, besides being incredibly
humerous, shocked me and indicated to me that the corruption is
so widespread and ingrained into the culture that people have
grown accustomed to it. I went on to compare it to how used to
going to foreign wars we are here in American culture.
I wanted to know about the fear of these organizations and their
relationship to Daniella. In her first interview she had told me,
“indeed the drug cartels, they do horrible things. People go on
with their day to day lives and the cartels leave them alone for
the most part. We do not live in fear.” While I had believed her
I had to ask her some follow up questions as she was there
before things really had gotten bad.
The initial cartels that arose through Mexico’s new strategic
position in the drug trade were different than those we are
somewhat familiar with today. They played by what Kazi
describes as “gentlemen’s rules.” They were not using such
widespread violence and brutality to get their way. The initial
method for success was to establish “networks of businessmen,
politicians and journalists. Utilizing his position they built a
network that didn’t need to use violence” (Kellner and Pipitone
30). One such cartel was named the Guadalajara Cartel. Cartels
like this early player rose to power and flourished during the
1980s and the 1990s, during the time of the North American
Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). “NAFTA made it easier to
ship goods of all kinds across the border, Mexicans become the
go-to distributors for Afghans, South Asians, Middle Easterner
and anyone else looking to sell illegal substances to Americans”
(Lawson).
In our second brief interview she agreed that she had not seen
the worst of it when she was living in the middle class suburban
area of Mexico City. She said, “my response was simply to
serve as a model for the resilience of my people, the
information you have presented me is truly shocking and I am
blessed that it did not happen in my time growing up there.” She

7. told me more recent stories of these atrocities perpetuated by
the cartels happening in areas where friends and family lived.
They had reflected an over-arching theme that I had discovered
in my thorough research of the cartel phenomenon in the past
three decades. . On paper, it appears that the initial pushes came
from United States drug policy to begin with. In the year 1914,
the U.S. Harrison Narcotics Tax Act succeeded in outlawing
opium based products such as heroin and raw opium. This
initially created a huge incentive for smugglers to take up the
business (Zaitz). After the ban of heroin imports in 1922 by the
U.S., smugglers set their sights on poppy-growing areas of
Mexico. (Zaitz). Reflecting the market for drugs in the United
States and with demand on the rise, traffickers of narcotics
become more organized in the 1960s and 1970s in order to
funnel Colombian drugs to U.S. consumers. (Zaitz). What
finally solidified Mexico’s dominance over the smuggling
routes to the United States was the move by the U.S. in the
1980’s that cut off Caribbean cocaine routes and eradicated the
power of Colombian cartels (Zaitz). With the attention of the
U.S. focused on Colombia, the Mexican drug rings began to
gain significant power.
There are many factions that vie for control of a piece of
Mexico’s drug trafficking business. Many smaller organizations
are out there under the umbrellas of larger cartels. The cartels
operate much like parent companies do in the business world
with the smaller organizations acting as subsidiaries. The
largest and most influential drug cartels or umbrella
organizations in Mexico are as follows: The Sinaloa
Federation, Los Zetas, La Familia Michoachana, and The Juarez
Cartel. The two most powerful of these two are the Sinaloa and
Los Zetas.
The Sionaloa is often considered the largest and most powerful
in Mexico. It is “an alliance of several powerful drug lords that
operates in dozens of countries. The cartel’s head, Joaquin “El
Chapo (Shorty)” Guzman Loera, is one of the most-wanted drug
barons in the world” (Kazi). It operates on a large scale using

8. vast quantities of production and shipment to ensure profits for
its business. An example of this is the 2011 discovery of a
marijuana plantation covering the equivilant of 200 football
fields. In addition it is known to be the main producer of
methamphetamine in Mexico (Kazi). This cartel is known for
buying off government and military officials rather than relying
on pure brutality in order to protect its profit. This primary
focus on bribery and corruption instead of violence sets this
cartel apart from others (Kazi).
While the Sionaloa cartels primarily rely on bribes to get
their way, Los Zetas use much more violent tactics. Los Zetas
arose from the former Gulf Cartel, where they were its armed
wing. They are “considered the most violent and ruthless
criminal organization in Mexico” (Kazi). Most of the Zetas’
members were previously Mexican special forces troops who
defected, are well trained, and highly organized (Kazi). They
are responsible for a large number of brutal and grotesque
killings (Kazi). This sets them apart from the Sinaloa who
prefers to use bribes to get their way.
The level of violence and corruption that has brought about and
been caused by the cartels is staggering. The result of which has
been widespread and differing affects to the lives of Mexican
citizens. The amount of murders surely has created fear in the
average citizen. “During January and Febuary 2010, there were
more than 1,500 executions according to Reforma. At this pace,
Mexico may end this year with 9,000 drug related murders”
(Kellner and Pipitone 33). Even smaller mountain towns are not
safe from the sweeping power of the drug cartels that according
to Lawson are, “essentially holding an entire nation at
gunpoint.” A mountain town by the name of Auguascalientes
was overtaken in 2007. Until that point it was a safe heaven and
place of prosperity. Six months following an event signifying
the start of the presence of the drug cartels, “11 Aguascalientes
police officers had been murdered” (Kellner and Pipitone 33).
North of Auguascalientes, a group of cartel members used
automatic weapons and grenades to assault a police station in

9. San Francisco de los Romo with the major inside (Kellner and
Pipitone 34). This level of brazen violence has created a
atmosphere in Mexico where no one feels sale. With groups like
Los Zetas and other cartels having such influences they are even
able to brazenly complete prison breaks and attacks on police
stations (Kazi).
The Mexican drug cartels have risen from the black market
created by the United States’ drug policy. They have become
increasingly more sophisticated by organizing themselves to
mirror huge multinational corporations. With their geographical
position and competitors edged out, the cartels have created a
monopoly on drug trafficking to the United States as well as the
rest of the world. These monopolies play off the corruption of
officials in Mexico and utilize extreme violence to intimidate,
control and dominate their trade. The result is a nation that is
under control by criminal organizations that have become more
powerful than its government.
This record of cartel violence paints a truly ominous picture. It
goes against the great passion that Daniella portrayed of her
wonderful Mexican heritage. However it stands to reason that
she grew up in a much different financial position than many
other do in Mexico. As she had told me, “the majority of the
jobs are agricultural and there are many poor farmers that live
there.” It is no surprise that the cartels prey and recruit
individuals who are not financially sound. People who need to
take care of their families in ways that are more dangerous,
illegal but very lucrative. However there is more to Mexico than
the drug cartels and big beautiful family gatherings. As in most
cases, everything is not black and white.
When I set out on the mission to educate myself about
Mexico, I wanted to learn not only about the country and its
history, but I wanted to learn about its people and its culture. At
the end of the day what I found was two Mexico’s co-existing
side by side. On one hand was the beautiful culturally rich
Mexico full of great people, passion, and love. The other side
belonged to the dark and secret Mexico that was corrupt and full

10. of violent drug trafficking. From a functionalist perspective I
would say that everything serves its purpose and comes together
to make it a great and livable country. I am glad I know more
about our neighbor to our south and hope to go on having a
great relationship with Daniella my link to their culture.
Stastna, Kazi.“The Cartels behind Mexico’s Drug War.” CBC
News,N.p. 28 August 2011. Web. 31 Oct. 2013.
Zaitz, Les. “Drug Cartels in Oregon: History of Mexican
Cartels.” Oregon Live. Oregon Live LLC, 21 June 2013. Web.
31 Oct. 2013.
Flintoff, Corey. “A Look At Mexico’s Drug Cartels.” NPR.
NPR, 16 April 2009. Web. 31 Oct. 2013.
Thomas, Kellner, and Francesco Pipitone. “Inside Mexico’s
Drug War.” World Policy Journal Vol.27 Issue1: 29-37.
Academic Search Premier. Web. 31 Oct. 2013.
Lawson, Guy. “How the Cartels Work.” Rolling Stone Issue
1087. 50-53. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 11 Nov. 2013.