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Benha University
Fac. of Education
English Language Division
Classical Criticism
Longinus
Lecture no. 11
Second Grade
Second Term (2019/2020)
Dr. Eman Kash-Koush
Longinus
1st Century AD
 Written in the 1st century A.D. as
a response to Caecilius of Calacte
 A highly compact work that ranks
second to Aristotle’s Poetics
 Investigates the main sources of
good writing
 The first to give importance to
the natural gift of a writer
 It is a forerunner of the intuitive
Romantic views
 Hypsos
 Greatness, excellence,
elevation, loftiness
 “the echo of greatness of
spirit”
 Five sources of Sublimity
Sources of Sublimity
 Great Ideas
 Passion
 Appropriate Use of Figures
 Right Diction
 Skillful Composition
 “Art is perfect when it seems to be nature, and nature hits
the mark when she contains art hidden within her.”
(1) Grandeur of Thought
 Sublime work depends on sublime thoughts
 A writer must feed his soul on the works of great
masters (Homer, Plato, Demosthenes). “men
catch fire from the spirit of others”
 Amplification (accumulation) is helpful
(2) Capacity for Strong Emotions
 Vehement and inspired passion
 True in the right place
 Iliad is better than the Odyssey and
Demosthenes than Cicero
(3) Appropriate Use of Pictures
 Shouldn't be used mechanically, rather they must
be rooted in genuine emotions
 Have to be judiciously (not pedantically)
 Have to be employed in the right place, in right
manner, on right occasion and with the right motive
 Theoretical questions, asyndeton, hyperbaton and
periphrasis
(4) Nobility of Diction
 Choice and arrangement of words and the use of
ornamental language
 Have “moving and seductive effect” (it is a
façade)
 “they that breathe voice into dead things”
 Words should be suitable
 Metaphor and hyperbole
Composition
(5) Dignity of
 A process of skillful composition
 Should be organized and harmonious
 Should be neither extremely concise nor
unduly prolix. “The one cripples the thought
and the other overextends it.”
 Is a mediator between hearer and speaker

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Criticism- 2nd-Year- Longinus- Fac. of Education (1).ppsx

  • 1. Benha University Fac. of Education English Language Division Classical Criticism Longinus Lecture no. 11 Second Grade Second Term (2019/2020) Dr. Eman Kash-Koush
  • 2. Longinus 1st Century AD  Written in the 1st century A.D. as a response to Caecilius of Calacte  A highly compact work that ranks second to Aristotle’s Poetics  Investigates the main sources of good writing  The first to give importance to the natural gift of a writer  It is a forerunner of the intuitive Romantic views
  • 3.  Hypsos  Greatness, excellence, elevation, loftiness  “the echo of greatness of spirit”  Five sources of Sublimity
  • 4. Sources of Sublimity  Great Ideas  Passion  Appropriate Use of Figures  Right Diction  Skillful Composition  “Art is perfect when it seems to be nature, and nature hits the mark when she contains art hidden within her.”
  • 5. (1) Grandeur of Thought  Sublime work depends on sublime thoughts  A writer must feed his soul on the works of great masters (Homer, Plato, Demosthenes). “men catch fire from the spirit of others”  Amplification (accumulation) is helpful
  • 6. (2) Capacity for Strong Emotions  Vehement and inspired passion  True in the right place  Iliad is better than the Odyssey and Demosthenes than Cicero
  • 7. (3) Appropriate Use of Pictures  Shouldn't be used mechanically, rather they must be rooted in genuine emotions  Have to be judiciously (not pedantically)  Have to be employed in the right place, in right manner, on right occasion and with the right motive  Theoretical questions, asyndeton, hyperbaton and periphrasis
  • 8. (4) Nobility of Diction  Choice and arrangement of words and the use of ornamental language  Have “moving and seductive effect” (it is a façade)  “they that breathe voice into dead things”  Words should be suitable  Metaphor and hyperbole
  • 9. Composition (5) Dignity of  A process of skillful composition  Should be organized and harmonious  Should be neither extremely concise nor unduly prolix. “The one cripples the thought and the other overextends it.”  Is a mediator between hearer and speaker