Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1 SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13 Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child Nisha Cunningham Felician University Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child Annotated Bibliography Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36. The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media. Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267. Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way. Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351. The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products. Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198. Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence. Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30. Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...

1. Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN
DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages
of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages
of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online
communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A
systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services
Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of
online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through
an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify
both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young
people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize

2. adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social
media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A.,
Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation
Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda.
Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people.
This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation
Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social
media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several
research questions are derived to explain social media use in a
better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The
impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness
and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal
of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase
of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how
individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet.
The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how
social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-
Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel
Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation
Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision,
and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in
obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on
social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically
reduced as more children embrace social media and their major
entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in
both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education:
reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal
learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have

3. argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge
between formal and informal learning. Social media affects
learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of social
media in terms of its effects on learning both formally and
informally. The authors give suggestions on how social media
platforms can be used to deliver better learning outcomes.
Raut, V., & Patil, P. (2016). Use of Social Media in Education:
Positive and Negative impact on the students. International
Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and
Communication, 281-285.
Social media use has dramatically increased. In most cases,
human activities are reliant on the internet. While social media
improves communication, it has both negative and positive
effects on the learning of students. The article looks into how
social media has influenced education both in good and bad
ways. The authors focus on unhealthy addiction to social media
and its effects on development.
Akram, W., & Kumar, R. (2017). A Study on Positive and
Negative Effects of Social Media on Society. International
Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, 347-357.
The article gathers data to show the positive and negative
effects of social media on society. The authors outline the
position held by social media in our community. While its
significance cannot be ignored, it is essential to consider how
social media has negatively contributed to education, culture,
morals, and society at large.
Aksoy, L., Van Riel, A., Kandampully, J., Bolton, R. N.,
Parasuraman, A., Hoefnagels, A., ... & Solnet, D. (2013).
Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a
review and research agenda. Journal of service management.
This article discusses the use of social media by Generation Y.
It provides a review of the usage tendencies of social media and
seeks to provide an explanation of the frequencies. It also
explains the effect of branding on social media to this
generation and whether they are affected by influenced by
buying trends.

4. Chassiakos, Y. L. R., Radesky, J., Christakis, D., Moreno, M.
A., & Cross, C. (2016). Children and adolescents and digital
media. Pediatrics, 138(5), e20162593.
This article provides the growth stages of children and the
alteration of these stages when children interact with digital
media. It also looks into the shift from childhood to adolescence
and the impediments that may arise if social media affected the
children at an early age.
Coombes, B. (2009). Generation Y: Are they really digital
natives or more like digital refugees. Synergy, 7(1), 31-40
This article augments the article on generation Y by explaining
the difference of this generation being digital natives or digital
refugees.
Desmottes, L., Meulemans, T., & Maillart, C. (2016). Later
learning stages in procedural memory are impaired in children
with specific language impairment. Research in developmental
disabilities, 48, 53-68.
Desmottes et al. try to explain how the learning stages in
procedural memory of children are impaired by use of social
media. The article explains that subject to the early addiction of
children to social media, the learning of languages in children
shall be impaired.
Dorfberger, S., Adi-Japha, E., & Karni, A. (2007). Reduced
susceptibility to interference in the consolidation of motor
memory before adolescence. PLoS One, 2(2).
Dorfberger et al. provides a study on the diminishing
susceptibility to the inference that occurs in the consolidation
of motor-memory prior to adolescence. It explains the various
stages of motor learning and the effort of cognitive effort to the
same and similarly expounds on the effect of addiction to social
media on the cognitive effort.
Dudai, Y., Karni, A., & Born, J. (2015). The consolidation and
transformation of memory. Neuron, 88(1), 20-32.
This article provides an explanation of how memory is
consolidated by the human brain. It gives the supporting factors
to the consolidation and how these supporting factors can be

5. affected by the “reward-system”
Elster, J. (1990). Marxism, functionalism, and game
theory. DEBATES IN CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHY, 22.
This article provides an explanation of various sociological
theories. Particularly it explains functionalism and such it
becomes instrumental to this study.
Griffiths, M. (2000). Does Internet and computer" addiction"
exist? Some case study evidence. CyberPsychology and
Behavior, 3(2), 211-218.
Griffiths questions whether social media addiction is extant in
this article. It delves into a case study to propound the fact that
while it seems impossible, social media addiction exists and
affects a lot of people.
Hamm, M. P., Newton, A. S., Chisholm, A., Shulhan, J., Milne,
A., Sundar, P., ... & Hartling, L. (2015). Prevalence and effect
of cyberbullying on children and young people: A scoping
review of social media studies. JAMA pediatrics, 169(8), 770-
777.
This article provides an explanation to the prevalence of cyber
bulling on children and young people. It provides an
explanation as to why there is an increase in cyber bullying
cases with regards to use of social media as well as gives the
effects of social media on the self-esteem of children.
Leung, L. (2014). Predicting Internet risks: a longitudinal panel
study of gratifications-sought, Internet addiction symptoms, and
social media use among children and adolescents. Health
Psychology and Behavioral Medicine: An Open Access
Journal, 2(1), 424-439.
Is it possible to predict the risks which are present in the
internet while being covered with good things? This article
delves into the study of how various characteristics of social
media use may be harmful to the growth of children and
adolescents.
Lichy, J., & Kachour, M. (2017). Insights into the Culture of
Young Internet Users: Emerging Trends–Move Over Gen Y,

6. Here Comes Gen Z!. In Research Paradigms and Contemporary
Perspectives on Human-Technology Interaction(pp. 84-115).
IGI Global.
This article provides an insight to the trends of social media use
among generation Y and Generation Z.
Mulkay, M. (2014). Functionalism, Exchange and Theoretical
Strategy (RLE Social Theory). Routledge.
Mulkay provides an explanation of the functionalism theory and
show it applies to this study as a sociological theory
O'Keeffe, G. S., & Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011). The impact of
social media on children, adolescents, and families. Pediatrics,
127(4), 800-804.
O’Keeffe &Clarke-Pearson study the impact that social media
has on both children and adolescents and try to relate these
impacts to the relationship of children with their parents.
Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., & Lewis, R. F. (2015). Frequent use of
social networking sites is associated with poor psychological
functioning among children and adolescents. Cyberpsychology,
Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(7), 380-385.
These authors seek to associate poor psychological functioning
in children and adults with the frequent use of social media
networking sites.
Swist, T., Collin, P., McCormack, J., & Third, A. (2015). Social
media and the wellbeing of children and young people: A
literature review.
This article provides for social media a literature review of the
wellbeing of children and young people when they are using
social media. It analyzes the side effects which are not
explicitly evident and the effects of such to the development of
the young mind.
Turner, A. (2015). Generation Z: Technology and social
interest. The Journal of Individual Psychology, 71(2), 103-113.
Turner provides the explanation of the social interest of
Generation Z. Through an examination of the psychology of
generation Z, the article provides an explanation to why this
generation uses social media extensive/

7. Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages
of A Child
Research Outline
1. Introduction
2. Background of the Study
a) Developmental and Learning stages of a child
b) Social Media’s effect on children
3. Sociological Theory and Methodology for the Topic
4. How Young Social Media Starts
· This part shall talk about the various age restrictions of some
social media platforms and the response of Children’s Online
Privacy Act
5. Effect of Social Media in Young Children
a. Addiction
b. Self-Esteem and Self Confidence
c. Effect on Critical skills
6. Addiction to Social Media Children
7. Effects of Addiction to Social Media to the Learning Process
of Young Children
a. Sensorimotor stage
b. Preoperational stage
c. Concrete operational stage
d. Formal operational stage
8. Generation Z and Generation Y with regards to Social Media
9. Improvements of Electronics and the Increase in the use of
Social Media
10. Conclusion
Questionnaire
1. Are you aware of today’s society’s addiction to social media?
Yes
No

8. 2. Do you have children?
If no, skip to question 10.
Yes
No
3. Do you allow them to use electronics?
If no, skip to question 8.
Yes
No
4. Do your children have their own electronics or rely on those
of others?
Their own
Other
5. In total, how many hours a day do they use electronics?
1-3 hours
4-6 hours
6 or more hours
6. Are they used for entertainment or educational purposes?
Educational
Entertainment
Both
7. Do you allow your children to use social media?
Yes
No
8. Does your child mimic things they see on social media? (i.e
dances, phrases, clothing choice, personality traits)
Yes
No
9. Do you think your child is addicted to social media?
Yes
No
10. Do you own any electronics? (i.e laptop, phone, smart
watches, tablets)
Yes
No

9. 11. Do you have any social media account? (i.e Facebook,
Instagram, Twitter, )
Yes
No
12. At what age did you start using social media?
13. In total, many hours a day do you use social media?
1-3 hours
4-6 hours
6 or more hours
14. Do you find yourself mimicking things you see on social
media?
Yes
No
15. Do you think you are addicted to social media?
Yes
No
Sociological Theory and Methodology for the Topic
Sociological Theory
This topic falls under the sociological theory, structural
functionalism. This perspective views the society as a complex
system which is depended on its constitutive parts to work
together and achieve solidarity and stability explain what this
means and how it works. See your book for theory…
(Mulkay, 2014). One of the main factors under this perspective
is that different social structures shape the society. Therefore,
children as part of the society should be shaped from home to
be contributive members of the society and this can be achieved
without destructive effects from social media use. Make sure to
include function/dysfunction, and equilibrium--how do these
apply to your topic?
Methodology of the Topic
This research a qualitative study which analyzes the
background of social media use by children, the effects of
social media and whether addiction to social media impairs the

10. developmental stages of children .T No need to talk about what
the ‘researcher’ ‘looks at’--- that is a given, that you will read,
analyze, and synthesize scholarly articles in order to write this
research paper.
Introduction
Over a period, social media has been a continuously growing
phenomenon in our society. Today, almost all activities are
influenced by social media. The effects of social media on a
human being’s way of life remain a controversial topic. Some
people believe that social media has been immensely beneficial
to our way of life, while others hold the perception that social
media has caused adverse effects on society briefly explain the
benefits and detriments…(Desmottes, 2015). Without any doubt,
social media fuels globalization how are you using this term?
by facilitating communication and interactions. Every
individual can share sentiments, concerns, or ideas with a large
number of people across the world. While a more natural
connection is an obvious benefit, it is imperative to analyze or
investigate (your choice of word…) how social media affects
learning and developmental processes in children.
Children continuously grow from birth to adulthood. During all
these stages of development, the children gather knowledge
from their environment. The children consume experiences,
which adversely affect their social, language, intellectual,
emotional, and physical development. Every child follows the
same developmental stages and learning process. The learning
process is classified according to the child's developmental
stage (Leung, 2014). It is prudent to note that social media has
changed the learning process. How? Explain Children are
being exposed to information which they cannot effectively
synthesis.--you mean synthesize? Although it is a good thing
that children are exposed to more information, lack of parental
control has adverse effects on learning. Today, children have
underdeveloped social skills expand (Best et al. 2013).
Further, continued exposure to social media results in speech
problems. These are some of the adverse effects of social media

11. on children's developmental process. This is vague, expand.
As information is now readily available, children are exposed to
false information. --Expand, and how does obesity relate to
false information?? Today, a large number of obesity cases can
be directly attributed to social media. Children at a lower
development stage may be inclined to believe in untrue
information expand(Sampasa-Kanyiga & Lewis, 2015).
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics report, with an
increase in media advertisement of high-fat/sugar foods, the
level of childhood obesity will continue increasing.--any stats
to support this? The children today have a problem with their
eating habits. In most cases, children are addicted to high-sugar
foods (Swist et al. 2015). Social media is recorded as the
highest consumer of children's free time. An averagespends
approximately a third of day on social media platforms. The
other major time consumer is sleep. A combination of high-
sugar foods and lack of physical exercise is synonymous with
obesity — adverts on social media platforms fuel consumption
of such food. There is a need to increase their ??involvement in
physical activities (Hamm et al. 2015). Children should be
encouraged to embrace dynamic behaviors such as…that
supplement their addiction to media. Children are continuously
exposed to internet advertisements advocating for unhealthy
food. Adverts sp. on social media seek to satisfy hunger on an
emotional angle rather than health needs. The child’s
developmental process is, therefore, affected immensely.
Vague…
It is also imperative to consider the effects of social media
on social-emotional growth. The three fundamental types of
learning are affected by social media (observational learning,
classical, and operant conditioning). Children can learn from
social media how to associate with certain events,--such as…
which may lead the children to being conditioned by social
media, unaware that the information might be false.
Additionally, children observe behavior on social media and end
up copying adverse reactions.--reactions to what?? Social media

12. is turning out to be a forum for bullying (Swist et al. 2015).
Through cyberbullying, victims suffer emotional and social
setbacks. Further, social media can fuel children into indulging
in risky behavior.--such as… It is not in contention that social
media benefits children; however, it is imperative repetitive
term- choose another term to carry out an intensive study on the
use of social media in society. In particular, this research shall
seek to critically analyze the impacts of social media on
children's developmental stages and learning process.
How Young Social Media Use Starts--- Awkwardly stated:
maybe you want to say ‘at what age do children start using
social media ?’
Influence central ?? has reported that an average in the United
States gets first smartphone at the age of ten . , they also open
up their first social media account at the age of eleven. It is
estimated that by the age of twelve, fifty percent of all the
children use at least one social media platform. This then begs
the question of how these children manage to log on to these
platforms given that there is an age limit for these sites
(Griffiths, 2000). Notably, these children lie about their age
especially for sites such as Instagram, Tiktok, Snapchap and
Facebook all of which have set their age limit to be thirteen as
dictated by the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act.
Recently, Facebook launched a social media for children (stop
using the word kids- it’s slang…does not look professional in
this type of work)that dubbed “Messenger for Kids.” The launch
of this app reignited major debates --this is vague, what were
the major points of the debate? on how young is too young for
children to use mobile apps Common Sense reported in 2016,
that up to fifty-six percent of both teens and tweens have their
own social media accounts. Most of the parents who were
subjects of this study pointed out that they have been dependent
on the Children’s Online Privacy Act to come up with stringent
measure to ensure that the companies creating these platforms
come up with more age limiting restrictions which their children
cannot bypass (Desmottes, 2016). It is prudent to note that

13. while some of them considered twelve to be a young age for
children to be using social media, most of them postulated ?? or
felt? that they were okay to sit down with their children and talk
about the privacy concerns of Social media use (Akram &
Kumar, 2017). However, the menace still looms with children
under the age of five becoming addicted to the internet. This
implies that children’s developmental stages are impeded from
such an early age.---this is vague! Which developmental stages
are you talking about? Specify.
According to the report by Common Sense, most of the parents
objecting to thirteen year olds using social media were not
concerned with the detriment to the children’s developmental
stages as well as the learning stages, they were concerned with
the amount of time that was spent on the media platforms
(Akram & Kumar, 2017). This was an intriguing concern, as it
could be aligned with topic in respect to the impediment to the
learning stages that is associated with the increased use of
social media platforms. --how so? Explain!
Effects of Social Media in Young Children
The effect that social media has in young children with regards
to the learning stages is immense. The effects range from
affected communication and social skills to failure to have an
identity as well as lack of self-esteem. --expand
Firstly, internet use can be very addictive to children and as
such most children will spend most of their time on social
media. This will mean that they will stop to have relationships
or interactions with people around them. Studies reveal that the
engrossment to internet in people is so great that people become
detached from real life (Best et al. 2015). The report specify the
name of the report suggested that s most children under the age
of five develop communication skills from continuous
interaction with the people around them, failure to have these
interactions will impede their communication skills (Sampasa-
Kanyinga & Lewis, 2015). the learning of interpersonal

14. communication is achieved at a very young age, and when
children under the age of five years spend most of their time on
social media then they fail to learn the verbal and nonverbal
cues which are necessary for the development of interpersonal
communications.
Secondly, social media affects the self-esteem and self-
confidence in young children. adolescence is the time when a
becomes aware of whom are since the body experiences some
changes during puberty. It is at this stage that they become
aware of their identity. Social media exposes adolescents, to
cyber bullying as well as unrealistic expectations --expecta
tions of what??(Lewis & Greenshow, 2016). A perfect exempl is
a girl whose body does not conform to models as well as other
children of own age, such a child will ?? to achieve such looks
to no avail and will consequently realize that they cannot
achieve it. This will leave them with negative feelings about
themselves thus affecting their self-esteem (Dorfberger et al.
2007). Notably, the constant trying to emulate people in the
media will mean that they will not have time to discover
themselves and accept who they are. This translates to an
affected self-confidence.
The young age is the appropriate time when children learn skills
such as --no they don’t learn to research, they learn to search!
and critical thinking. Children develop critical thinking skills
at the age of eight. However, it has been suggested that as soon
as children are able to speak in sentences, they are ready to
engage in critical thinking skills (Lewis & Greenshow, 2016).
Research vague..shows that constant interactions with people
around children augment their skills to critically analyze
situations. Excessive use of social media affects and impedes
communication skills and the development of critical thinking
skills(Lewis & Greenshow, 2016). Additionally, the internet
provides most answers with just a click of the button, which
means that children will be dependent on the internet for
answers which they could have gotten through critical analysis
of the questions.

15. Addiction to Social Media in Children
Social Media Addiction is considered to be a behavioral
addiction. It is defined by an over concern on what is happening
on social media. It is driven by an uncontrollable urge of a
person to log on to a social media site. Additionally, it is also
defined by the devotion of so much time as well as effort to
social media in a manner that impairs other important areas of
life (Schweddler & Trude, 2018). Research has shown that
children under the age of five when exposed to social media
excessively to the point of addiction will have difficult time in
adjusting to the social norms. --how so? (how often do you
have to use the same words in this research? You’ve already
said it too many times…)that with the social media platforms,
likes ??for these children is enough to cause their bodies to
release dopamine, which is a hormone that is released when the
body wants to “reward” itself. Consistent “Reward system” will
program their lives to such a system--system? Explain which
will mean that they will cease to engage in activities which they
consider less rewarding, for example, social interaction and
engage in harmful activities which they think may be more
rewarding such as cyber-bullying. Citation?
Effects of Addiction to Social Media to the Learning Process of
Young Children
There are different learning stages in a child which are
influenced by addiction. ?? are you describing the stages or
trying to make a connection between the stages and addiction?
This connection is not clear particularly if you are trying to
apply it to the early stages of development. Firstly, there is the
sensorimotor stage which begins from birth through to two
years and it is during this stage that children become aware of
the world through their senses as well as manipulation of
objects. There is not much effect at this stage of social media on
the children. The next stage is the preoperational stage and the
first effects of social media addiction are evidenced during this
stage. It is during this stage that memory and imagination is
augmented in the children (Duddai et al. 2015). The children at

16. this age specify the age…are able to understand things
symbolically and also become cognizant of the ideas of the past
and future. Social media addiction at this age will limit their
perception of things to the things present in the social media
platforms and hence deny their minds from developing their
own thinking skills.
At the age of seven through to eleven years of age, the children
are at the concrete operational stage. It is at this stage where
they become aware of the external events as well as the feelings
of other people. With the upsurge in social media use, it is quite
evident that cyber-bullying becomes an apparent behavior of
children as they develop the confidence to shame other people
over this platform (Raut & Patil, 2016). Lastly, there is the
formal operational stage that starts at the age of twelve through
to the teenage years. This developmental stage offers the
children the ability to be able to solve problems using critical
analysis (O’Keffe & Clark-Pearson, 2011). Social media limits
the ability of children to think critically by offering answers to
their problems by just a click of the button. In light of this,
therefore, an addiction will limit development at this stage.
Generation Z and Generation Y with regards to Social Media
Different generations use social media differently. While one
generation tends to extensively use social media, another
generation tends to limit their use of social media.
Generation Y are referred to as digital natives. This name can
be attributed to their usage of social media. Research-- whose
research? Specify has shown that this is the largest of the
generations and the fact that they have access to the social
networks gives them an upper hand with regards to a voice that
is impactful (Aksoy et al. 2013). A millennial child is prone to
oversharing, and the fact that they have access to technology
allows them the audience and liberty to share and makes them
ardent users of the technology. t this generation of users are the
most outspoken on social media and are therefore used to push
brands ?--unclear as stated(Coombes, 2009). The use of social

17. media to this generation is motivated by the fact that they like
something and not because they have been forced or pressured
to.?
On the other hand, a study by Pew Research has revealed that
only fourteen percent of adults in 1995 had access to the
internet. There has been a consistent upsurge to eighty-seven
percent by 2014. The use of social media by generation Z
includes the fact that seventy-two percent of generation Z ‘ers
have access to all mobile wireless services including data and
applications which can grant them the use of social media
(Turner, 2015). The time spent on social media by this
generation is an average of three hours and thirty-eight minutes
per day?. This amounts for nearly an excess of fifty minutes to
the amount of time spent online by the average social media
user (Hutter et al. 2013). most of the …