The International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks (IJWMN) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced wireless & mobile networking concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.

1. August 2021: Top Ten Cited Article in Wireless&
Mobile Networks
International Journal of Wireless & Mobile
Networks (IJWMN)
ISSN: 0975-3834 [Online]; 0975-4679 [Print]
http://airccse.org/journal/ijwmn.html
Google Scholar Citation

2. Citation Count – 390
A Wireless Sensor Network Air Pollution Monitoring System
Kavi K. Khedo1
, Rajiv Perseedoss2
and Avinash Mungur3
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Mauritius,
Reduit, Mauritius
ABSTRACT
Sensor networks are currently an active research area mainly due to the potential of their
applications. In this paper we investigate the use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for air
pollution monitoring in Mauritius. With the fast growing industrial activities on the island,
the problem of air pollution is becoming a major concern for the health of the population. We
proposed an innovative system named Wireless Sensor Network Air Pollution Monitoring
System (WAPMS) to monitor air pollution in Mauritius through the use of wireless sensors
deployed in huge numbers around the island. The proposed system makes use of an Air
Quality Index (AQI) which is presently not available in Mauritius. In order to improve the
efficiency of WAPMS, we have designed and implemented a new data aggregation algorithm
named Recursive Converging Quartiles (RCQ). The algorithm is used to merge data to
eliminate duplicates, filter out invalid readings and summarise them into a simpler form
which significantly reduce the amount of data to be transmitted to the sink and thus saving
energy. For better power management we used a hierarchical routing protocol in WAPMS
and caused the motes to sleep during idle time.
KEYWORDS
Sensor Networks, Routing Protocol, Data Aggregation, Air Pollution Monitoring, Data
Fusion
For More Details : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn/0510ijwmn03.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current10.html

3. REFERENCES
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Wesley, 2001.

5. Citation Count – 273
APPLICATION OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS FOR
GREENHOUSE PARAMETER CONTROL IN PRECISION
AGRICULTURE
D.D.Chaudhary1
, S.P.Nayse2
, L.M.Waghmare3
1
Sinhgad Institute of Technology, Lonavala, Dist. Pune. MS. India
2
Ph.D. Scholar, Sant Gadgebaba University of Amravati. MS. India
3
Shri Guru Govind Singh Institute of Technology, Nanded. MS. India
ABSTRACT
The technological development in Wireless Sensor Networks made it possible to use in
monitoring and control of greenhouse parameter in precision agriculture. In last decades
there have been tremendous advancements in technology for agriculture and growth of final
yield. Due to uneven natural distribution of rain water it is very crucial for farmers to monitor
and control the equal distribution of water to all crops in the whole farm or as per the
requirement of the crop. There is no ideal irrigation method available which may be suitable
for all weather conditions, soil structure and variety of crops cultures. Green house
technology may be the best solution for this solution. All the parameters of greenhouse
require a detailed analysis in order to choose the correct method. It is observed that farmers
have to bear huge financial loss because of wrong prediction of weather and incorrect
irrigation method to crops. In this contest with the evolution in wireless sensor technologies
and miniaturized sensor devices, it is possible to uses them for automatic environment
monitoring and controlling the parameters of greenhouse, for Precision Agriculture (PA)
application. In this paper, we have proposed and analyse the use of Programmable System on
Chip Technology (PSoC) as a part of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) to monitor and
control various parameter of green house.
KEYWORDS
Greenhouse, Precision Agriculture, Programmable system on chip, Wireless sensor networks
For More Details : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn/0211ijwmn13.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current11.html

6. REFERENCES
[1] J. Burrell et al. Vineyard computing: sensor networks in agricultural production. IEEE
Pervasive Computing, 3(1):38–45, Jan-Mar 2004.
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4, 275-280.
[3] Ning Wang, Naiqian Zhang, Maohua Wang, ―Wireless sensors in agriculture and food
Industry —Recent development and future perspective, published in Computers and Electronics
in Agriculture 50 (2006) 1–14.
[4] R. Beckwith, D. Teibel, and P. Bowen, "Unwired wine: sensor networks in vineyards,"
2004, pp. 561- 564.
[5] A. Baggio, "Wireless Sensor Networks in Precision Agriculture," 2005
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[17] http://internetjournals.net

8. Citation Count – 141
PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN
MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS
P. Manickam1
, T. Guru Baskar2
, M.Girija3
, Dr.D.Manimegalai4
1,2
Department of Applied Sciences, Sethu Institute of Technology, India
3
Department of Computer Science, The American College, India
4
Department of Information Technology, National Engineering College, India
ABSTRACT
Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that dynamically
form a network temporarily without any support of central administration. Moreover, Every
node in MANET moves arbitrarily making the multi-hop network topology to change
randomly at unpredictable times. There are several familiar routing protocols like DSDV,
AODV, DSR, etc… which have been proposed for providing communication among all the
nodes in the network. This paper presents a performance comparison of proactive and
reactive protocols DSDV, AODV and DSR based on metrics such as throughput, packet
delivery ratio and average end-to-end delay by using the NS-2 simulator.
KEYWORDS
MANET, DSDV, AODV, DSR, Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio, Average End-to-End
delay
For More Details : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn/0211ijwmn09.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current11.html

9. REFERENCES
[1] C.Sivaram murthy, B.S.Manoj, Adhoc wireless networks:Architectures, and protocols,
Pearson Education, 2004.
[2] Mohammed Bouhorma, H.Bentaouit and A.Boudhir, “Performance comparison of Ad
hocRouting protocols AODV and DSR” ,IEEE 2009.
[3] Tao Lin, Scott F.Midkiff and Jahng S.Park ,”A framework for Wireless Ad hoc
RoutingProtcols”, IEEE 2003.
[4] Zuraida Binti Abdullah Hani and Mohd. Dani Bin Baba, “Designing Routing protocolsfor
Mobile Ad hoc networks”,IEEE 2003.
[5] Mehran Abolhasan, Tadeusz Wysocki and Eryk Dutkiewicz ,” A review of routing protocols
for mobile ad hoc networks”, Elsevier 2003.
[6] Tracy Camp, Jeff Boleng and Vanessa Davies, “ A Survey of Mobility Models for AdHoc
Networks Research”, Wireless communiaion & Mobile Computing (WCMC) 2002.
[7] Yih-Chun Hu and David B.Johnson “,Caching Strategies in On-Demand Routing Protocols
for Wireless Ad hoc Networks”,ACM 2000.
[8] H.M. El-Sayed,O.Bazon and U.Qureshi and M.Jaseemuddin “Performance Evaluation
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2004.
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Hoc Network”, INFOCOM 2002.”
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[13] D.Johnson, “The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (DSR)”, RFC4728, Feb 2007.
[14] C.Perkins ,Praving Bhagwat, “Highly dynamic destination sequenced distance vector
routing (DSDV) for Mobile computers”.
[15] Dhiraj Nitnaware, Ajay Verma, “Energy constraint Node cache based routing protocol for
Adhoc Network”, IJWMN, Feb. 2010.

10. [16] Mehran Abolhasan, Tadeusz Wysoci, Eryk Dutkiewicz, “A review of routing protocols for
mobile ad hoc networks”, ELSEVIER , 2003.
[17] Changling Liu, Jorg Kaiser, “A survey of Mobile Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols”,
University of Magdeburg, 2005.
[18] Md. Golam Kaosar, Hafiz M. Asif, Tarek R. Sheltami, Ashraf s. Hasan Mahmoud,
“SimulationBased Comparative Study of On-Demand Routing Protocols for MANET”.
[19] Thomas Heide Clausen, Phillippe Jacquet and Laurent Viennot, “Comparative Study of
Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks”.
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Proactive and Reactive Routing protocols of Mobile Ad hoc Networks(MANET))”, Journal of
Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2007.
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using Routing protocols for Performance comparisons”, Proceedings of the world congress on
Engineering, WCE, VOL I, 2008.
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2009.
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protocols performance in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks”, AINAW-IEEE, 2007.

11. Citation Count – 111
SINR, RSRP, RSSI AND RSRQ MEASUREMENTS IN LONG TERM
EVOLUTION NETWORKS
1
Farhana Afroz, 1
Ramprasad Subramanian, 1
Roshanak Heidary, 1
Kumbesan Sandrasegaran
and 2
Solaiman Ahmed
1
Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney,
Australia
2
Department ofElectrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
ABSTRACT
The four basic Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements in Long Term Evolution
(LTE) system are Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Reference Signal Received Power
(RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and Carrier Received Signal Strength
Indicator (RSSI). A measurement of channel quality represented by Signal to Interference
plus Noise Ratio (SINR) is used for link adaptation along with packet scheduling, whereas
RSRP and RSRQ are needed for making handover decision during intra-eUTRAN (evolved
Universal Terrestrial Random Access Network) handover in LTE. In this paper, some
practical measurement results recorded from a live LTE network of Australia using a
commercial measurement tool namely NEMO Handy are analysed to verify the possible
relationships among SINR, RSRP, RSSI and RSRQ as well as to evaluate the effects of SNR
on throughput. In addition, the intraeUTRAN handover events occurred during the test period
within the test area are studied. The analysis yields some useful information such as: if the
SINR is good for a measurement slot, higher throughput is achieved; RSRP and SNR are
proportional to each other on average; and lesser is the difference between RSSI and RSRP,
better is the RSRQ – each of which is consistent with theory. All the measurement results are
evaluated using computer programs built on MATLAB platform.
KEYWORDS
RRM, SINR, RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, Link Adaptation, Packet Scheduling, Throughput,
Handover
For More Details : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn/7415ijwmn09.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current15.html

12. REFERENCES
[1] A. Ghosh and R. Ratasuk (2011), Essentials of LTE and LTE-A, Cambridge UK, New York:
Cambridge University Press.
[2] F. Afroz, K. Sandrasegaran and P. Ghoshal (2014), “Performance Analysis of PF, M-
LWDF and EXP/PF Packet Scheduling Algorithms in 3GPP LTE Downlink,” Australasian
Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ATNAC), November 2014, pp.
87-92.
[3] F. Afroz (2014), Research in 4G Mobile Network, MES Project, University of Technology,
Sydney.
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Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer; Measurements”. Available: http://www.etsi.org

13. Citation Count – 101
SMART LIVING USING BLUETOOTHBASED ANDROID SMARTPHONE
Ming Yan and Hao Shi
College ofEngineering and Science, VictoriaUniversity, Melbourne, Australia
ABSTRACT
With the development of modern technology and Android Smartphone, Smart Living is
gradually changing people’s life. Bluetooth technology, which aims to exchange data
wirelessly in a short distance using short-wavelength radio transmissions, is providing a
necessary technology to create convenience, intelligence and controllability. In this paper, a
new Smart Living system called home lighting control system using Bluetooth-based
Android Smartphone is proposed and prototyped. First Smartphone, Smart Living and
Bluetooth technology are reviewed. Second the system architecture, communication protocol
and hardware design aredescribed. Then the design of a Bluetooth-based Smartphone
application and the prototype are presented. It is shown that Android Smartphone can provide
a platform to implement Bluetooth-based application for Smart Living.
KEYWORDS
Android smartphone, Smart Living, Bluetooth module, single chip microcomputer, home
automation
For More Details : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn/0213wmn05.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current13.html

14. REFERENCES
[1] Heidi Monson (1999)Bluetooth Technology and Implications, John Wiley & Sons.
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16. Citation Count – 95
EFFICIENT MULTI-PATH PROTOCOL FOR WIRELESS SENSOR
NETWORKS
Shuang Li1
, Raghu Kisore Neelisetti2
, Cong Liu3
, and Alvin Lim2
1
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus,
Ohio, USA
2
Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Auburn, Alabama, USA
3
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
ABSTRACT
Wireless sensor networks are useful for streaming multimedia in infrastructure-free and
hazardous environments. However, these networks are quite different from their wired
counterpart and are composed of nodes with constrained bandwidth and energy. Multiple-
path transmission is one of the methods for ensuring QoS routing in both wired and wireless
environment. Directed diffusion, a well known wireless sensor network protocol, only routes
packets through a single path, which barely meets the throughput requirement of multimedia
data. Instead, we propose a multipath algorithm based on directed diffusion that reinforces
multiple routes with high link quality and low latency. This algorithm retains the merits of the
original directed diffusion algorithms, including its energy efficiency and scalability. A
hybrid metric of link quality and latency is used as the criterion for path selection. In order to
select disjoint paths, we propose a scheme for reinforced nodes to respond negatively to
multiple reinforcement messages. We use the NS-2 simulation tool with video trace
generated by Multiple Description Coding (MDC) to evaluate the performance. The results
show that our algorithm gives better throughput and delay performance, i.e higher video
quality, than standard directed diffusion that transmits over a single path, with low overheads
and energy consumption.
KEYWORDS
Wireless Multimedia Sensor networks, QoS, real-time, throughput, delay
For More Details : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn/0210s9.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current10.html

17. REFERENCES
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20. Citation Count – 87
EMERGING WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES IN THE INTERNET OF
THINGS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Mahmoud Elkhodr, Seyed Shahrestani and Hon Cheung
School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Sydney,
Australia
ABSTRACT
The Internet of Things (IoT) incorporates multiple long-range, short-range, and personal area
wireless networks and technologies into the designs of IoT applications. This enables
numerous business opportunities in fields as diverse as e-health, smart cities, smart homes,
among many others. This research analyses some of the major evolving and enabling wireless
technologies in the IoT. Particularly, it focuses on ZigBee, 6LoWPAN, Bluetooth Low
Energy, LoRa, and the different versions of Wi-Fi including the recent IEEE 802.11ah
protocol. The studies evaluate the capabilities and behaviours of these technologies regarding
various metrics including the data range and rate, network size, RF Channels and Bandwidth,
and power consumption. It is concluded that there is a need to develop a multifaceted
technology approach to enable interoperable and secure communications in the IoT.
KEYWORDS
Internet of Things, Wireless Technologies, Low-power, M2M Communications.
For More Details : https://aircconline.com/ijwmn/V8N5/8516ijwmn05.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current16.html

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24. Citation Count – 79
NETWORK EVOLUTION AND QOS PROVISIONING FOR
INTEGRATED FEMTOCELL/MACROCELL NETWORKS
Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury1
, Yeong Min Jang2
, and Zygmunt J. Haas3
1,2
Department of Electronics Engineering, Wireless Networks and Communications Lab
Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea
3
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wireless Networks Lab Cornell
University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
ABSTRACT
Integrated femtocell/macrocell networks, comprising a conventional cellular network
overlaid with femtocells, offer an economically appealing way to improve coverage, quality
of service, and access network capacity. The key element to successful femtocells/macrocell
integration lies in its selforganizing capability. Provisioning of quality of service is the main
technical challenge of the femtocell/macrocell integrated networks, while the main
administrative challenge is the choice of the proper evolutionary path from the existing
macrocellular networks to the integrated network. In this article, we introduce three
integrated network architectures which, while increasing the access capacity, they also reduce
the deployment and operational costs. Then, we discuss a number of technical issues, which
are key to making such integration a reality, and we offer possible approaches to their
solution. These issues include efficient frequency and interference management, quality of
service provisioning of the xDSL-based backhaul networks, and intelligent handover control.
KEYWORDS
Femtocells, Femtocellular Network Architecture, Femtocell/Macrocell Integration, Integrated
Network Architecture, Indoor Wireless Coverage, Self-Organizing Capability
For More Details : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn/0203ijwmn01.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current10.html

25. REFERENCES
[1] D. Lopez-Perez, G. de la Roche, A. Valcarce, A. Juttner, and J. Zhang, “Interference
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28. Citation Count – 66
REQUIREMENTS OF VERTICAL HANDOFF MECHANISM IN 4G
WIRELESS NETWORKS
Mandeep Kaur Gondara1
and Dr. Sanjay Kadam2
1
Ph. D Student, Computer Science Department, University of Pune, Pune
2
Research Guide, Computer Science Department, University of Pune, Pune
ABSTRACT
The importance of wireless communication is increasing day by day throughout the world
due to cellular and broadband technologies. Everyone around the world would like to be
connected seamlessly anytime anywhere through the best network. The 4G wireless system
must have the capability to provide high data transfer rates, quality of services and seamless
mobility. In 4G, there are a large variety of heterogeneous networks. The users for variety of
applications would like to utilize heterogeneous networks on the basis of their preferences
such as real time, high availability and high bandwidth. When connections have to switch
between heterogeneous networks for performance and high availability reasons, seamless
vertical handoff is necessary. The requirements like capability of the network, handoff
latency, network cost, network conditions, power consumption and user’s preferences must
be taken into consideration during vertical handoff. In this paper, we have extracted the
requirements of a vertical handoff from the literature surveyed. The evaluation of the existing
work is also being done on the basis of required parameters for vertical handoff. A
sophisticated, adaptive and intelligent approach is required to implement the vertical handoff
mechanism in 4G wireless networks to produce an effective service for the user by
considering dynamic and non dynamic parameters.
KEYWORDS
4G wireless networks, VHO, Requirements, RSS, Parameters, Performance
For More Details : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn/0411wmn02.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current11.html

29. REFERENCES
[1] Qing-An Zeng & Dharma P. Agrawal, (2002) "Handbook of Wireless Networks and Mobile
Computing", John Wiley & Sons Publishers.
[2] James Won-ki Hong & Alberto Leon-Garcia, (2005) “Requirements for the Operations and
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31. Citation Count – 65
A self-managing fault management mechanism for wireless sensor networks
Muhammad Asim1
and Hala Mokhtar2
and Madjid Merabti3
1
School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University
2
School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University
3
Schoolof Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University
ABSTRACT
A sensor network can be described as a collection of sensor nodes which co-ordinate with
each other to perform some specific function. These sensor nodes are mainly in large
numbers and are densely deployed either inside the phenomenon or very close to it. They can
be used for various application areas (e.g. health, military, home). Failures are inevitable in
wireless sensor networks due to inhospitable environment and unattended deployment.
Therefore, it is necessary that network failures are detected in advance and appropriate
measures are taken to sustain network operation. We previously proposed a cellular approach
for fault detection and recovery. In this paper we extend the cellular approach and propose a
new fault management mechanism to deal with fault detection and recovery. We propose a
hierarchical structure to properly distribute fault management tasks among sensor nodes by
introducing more ‘self-managing’ functions. The proposed failure detection and recovery
algorithm has been compared with some existing related work and proven to be more energy
efficient.
KEYWORDS
Sensor Networks, Fault Management, Fault Detection & Fault Recovery
For More Details : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn/1110ijwmn15.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current10.html

32. REFERENCES
[1] M. Z. Khan, M. Merabti, and B. Askwith, "Design Considerations for Fault Management in
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