This document summarizes a methodology for analyzing conflicts or "tussles" between stakeholders that may arise from the introduction of new Internet technologies. The methodology involves identifying stakeholders, potential areas of conflict between their interests, and how these conflicts may evolve over time as technologies change. It also discusses how analyzing tussles can provide insights into how to design more balanced technologies that incentivize adoption.

1. SESERV
Socio-Economic Services for European Research Projects
http://www.seserv.org
European Seventh Framework CSA FP7-2010-ICT-258138
Socioeconomic Tussles Analysis of the
ETICS Approach for Providing QoS-
enabled Inter-domain Services
Costas Kalogiros, Costas Courcoubetis,
George Stamoulis, Manos Dramitinos,
Olivier Dugeon
FuNeMS,
Berlin, Germany, July 4, 2012
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 1

2. A tussle analysis methodology
Functionality I Functionality II
Iteration A: Iteration B: Iteration A:
technology set S technology set S’ technology set S’’
(existing technologies) (S + new technology T) (existing technologies + T)
Step 1: Identify all
primary stakeholder Understand
Understand Understand
Understand Understand
Understand
roles and their stakeholders’
stakeholders’ stakeholders’
stakeholders’ stakeholders’
stakeholders’
interests in
interests in policies policy
characteristics for the interests in new
interests in new interests in
interests in
functionality under current
current ecosystem
ecosystem new ecosystem
new ecosystem
ecosystem
ecosystem
iteration due to new technology T or new
investigation
introduction of a new technology T or a new
Step 2: Identify tussles Identify
Identify Identify
Identify Identify
Identify
among identified policies in
policies in policies in
policies in policies in
policies in
stakeholders current
current new
new new
new
ecosystem
ecosystem ecosystem
ecosystem ecosystem
ecosystem
Step 3: For each tussle
assess the impact to Assess Next
Assess Assess new
Assess new Assess new
Assess new
each stakeholder and current
current ecosystem
ecosystem ecosystem
ecosystem
potential spillovers ecosystem
ecosystem
Spillover to ‘Functionality II’ due to the
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 2

3. Collaborative Network Service composition
between competing ISPs
congestion! Content
Provider
Peering
ISP 2 ISP 1
Peering
Transit
ISP 3
What are the necessary
business conditions for QoS-
aware interconnection?
Allowing the control of major parameters of interconnection is
important for promoting collaboration that is mutually beneficial
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 3

4. Tussle evolution of service
composition between competing ISPs
Iteration 2a:
What if an ASQ good is ISP-1 feels unfair
ISP-2
used by ISP-2 to bypass the
strategies/policies
Best-Effort peering link for
Tussle outcome
Stakeholders’
all traffic? Iteration 3:
What if ISP-1 stopped ?
offering that ASQ?
Iteration 2b:
What if ISPs could control major ?
Iteration 1: properties of ASQ goods?
Support for
best-effort
ISP-1 ISP-2 feels unfair
connectivity Functionality: Network Service composition
only
time
Traffic is
strategies/policies
ISP-2 optimized
Tussle outcome
Stakeholders’
selfishly
ISPs perform
traffic Stable
engineering Introduction of ASQ routing
for optimizing goods make routing
network more stable and simpler Traffic is
usage
ISP-1 optimized
Functionality: Routing & Traffic Engineering selfishly
Functionality Stable outcome Evolves
Legend
Initial state Unstable outcome Affects
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 4

5. Service delivery with assured quality
between multiple ISPsRouter D
ETICS Broker suddenly fails!
Customer Content
H Provider
F ISP-3
A D
B C ISP-2
X G
router/
probe
ISP-1 E proxy
collector
Transit Iteration 2: Iteration 3a: Transit ISPs
ISP Destination ISP What if (sampled) monitored packets contribute less
strategies/policies
are known in advance ?
Tussle outcome
under provisions to SLA penalties
?
Stakeholders’
backup ASQ goods
Fair
Iteration 3b: penalties
What if Broker ?
Broker signals to all ISPs which
Iteration 1: Source &
packets to probe during
Source Introduction of inter-domain Destination ISPs
ISP service provisioning?
ASQ goods with no adequate contribute less to
Dest.
ISP
monitoring of individual ISPs Functionality: SLA Monitoring SLA penalties
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 5

6. Concluding remarks
• Internet technologies can have impact on:
• stakeholders by triggering establishment of new
strategies / business models
• other technologies (functionalities) by triggering
creation of new technologies
• “Tussles friendly” technologies allow for
balanced control between stakeholders
• Better incentives for adoption in the long-run
• … but, requires significant effort from technology
designers for understanding the ecosystem
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 6

7. More Information
Stay tuned for latest SESERV WS
results and upcoming deliverables
• http://www.seserv.org on socioeconomic priorities for the
Future Internet!
• getinvolved@seserv.org
• http://www.linkedin.com/groups?about=&gid=3870856
• http://www.twitter.com/seserv
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 7

8. Thank you for your attention!
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 8

9. Support Slides
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 9

10. Internet as a platform for stakeholders’ interactions
… Stakeholders with varying
End-users ISPs Regulators ASPs
socio-economic interests
Out of network socio-
economic transactions
Technology
Internet Socio- choices(including
investments,
Economic layer configurations)
Internet Technology outputs
Technology layer (connectivity, QoS, mobility,
security, etc.)
Internet middle
applications Technology components
boxes Firewalls
Internet protocols
links routers switches servers 3G towers
Socio-Economic layer is governed by laws of socio-economics,
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium
while technology layer by laws of physics 10

11. Basic Socio-economic Technology Cycle
Longer
Internet Socio- Adopt technology
Economic layer
ISP
Dimension resources
Adaptation timescale
Feedback
Stakeholders’ strategies Configure technology
/ policies with respect to
a specific technology
(functionality)
Use technology
Shorter
tussle outcome
• At each stage conflicts of interest (incentives) arise
at the socio-economic layer.
• The combination of actors’ strategies lead to a tussle outcome,
characterized by stakeholders benefits.
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 11

12. A tussle analysis methodology
Functionality I Functionality II
Step 1: Identify all primary stakeholder roles and their
characteristics for the functionality under investigation
new iteration spillover
Step 2: Identify tussles among involved stakeholders
tussle tussle tussle tussle
Step 3: For each tussle assess the impact of a technology to
each stakeholder and potential spillovers
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 12

13. Comparison of system modeling
approaches
© 2011 The SESERV Consortium 13