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What is the difference between climate and weather?
Select one:
a. Weather and climate are the same.
b. Weather only occurs in the northern hemisphere.
c. Climate is the long range conditions of an area, while weather
changes daily.
d. Climate changes frequently while weather changes slowly.
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How is the Koppen Classification System catergorized?
Select one:
a. type of animals and rainfall
b. temperature and precipitation
c. elavation and rainfall
d. temperature and humidity
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Choose the five catergories of the Koppen Classification
System.
Select one or more:

a. Polar
b. Tropical
c. Humid Mid Latitude
d. Taiga
e. Dry Climates
f. Humid Sub Tropical
g. Tundra
h. Highland
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Choose 3 characteristics of Humid Tropical Climates.
Select one or more:
a. High elevation.
b. Near the equator.
c. Found on the Northern edge of continents.
d. Temperature range 50 degrees to 90 degrees
e. Ranifall average 48 inches per year.
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Choose 3 characteristics of dry climates.
Select one or more:
a. Covers 12 percent of the continents.
b. Usually found on the southeast of continents.
c. Extreme temperatre range from freezing to 120 degrees.
d. Most biodiversity of all the biomes.
e. Rainfall less than 20 inches per year.
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Choose 3 characteristics of Humid Mid Latitude climates.
Select one or more:
a. Mild summers and severe winters.
b. Hot humid summers, mild winters.
c. Heavy rainfall during mild winters.
d. Heavy rainfall during mild summers.
e. Found only in the Southern Hemisphere.
f. 30 to 50 degrees above or below the equator.
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Choose 2 characteristics of Highland climates.
Select one or more:
a. Great temperatre range from 0 degrees to 90 degrees.
b. Found only in high mountain ranges.
c. Temperature never gets above 50 degrees.
d. Found only on one continent.
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The biosphere includes all living things.
Select one:
True
False
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Choose ALL the factors below that are abiotic
Select one or more:

a. Sunlight
b. Mosses
c. Bacteria
d. Rain
e. Air
f. Minerals
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Choose all the factors below that are biotic factors.
Select one or more:
a. Deer
b. Earthworms
c. Bacteria
d. Rocks
e. Grasses
f. Mushrooms
g. Humans
h. Water
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Biotic and Abiotic factors interact to form a biome.
Select one:
True
False
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Choose the BEST answer to describe biodiversity.

Select one:
a. All life on the planet.
b. The variety of life in a biome.
c. All life in the oceans.
d. All living and nonliving factors in a biome.
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Why is every living thing important in a ecosystem?
Select one:
a. Because the dominant species depends on one other species.
b. Because rain forests have such a high biodiversity.
c. Because snakes eat mice.
d. Because all living things play a role in an ecosystem no
matter how big or how small.
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The less biodiversity, the healthier an ecosystem is.
Select one:
True
False
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Biomes are determined by the following 2 factors.
Select one:
a. temperature and rainfall
b. animals and rainfall
c. vegetation and climate

d. fungi and bacteria
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The BEST description of an ecosystem is:
Select one:
a. The interaction of organisms with their environment.
b. The food chain.
c. Many different biomes.
d. The biodiversity of a biome.
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The difference between a population and a community is:
Select one:
a. A population is all the different species in a community.
b. A population is one specific group of species in a community.
c. A community is all one species.
d. A community is all the species of a population.
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Globally, North Carolina fits into which biome?
Select one:
a. Tundra
b. Taiga
c. Tropical Rain Forest
d. Temperate Deciduous Forest
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Which sub biome in NC has clay soils?
Select one:
a. Coastal Plains
b. Piedmont
c. Mountains
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Which NC biome covers 45 percent of the state?
Select one:
a. Coastal Plains
b. Piedmont
c. Mountains
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Which NC biome has the most wetlands?
Select one:
a. Coastal Plains
b. Piedmont
c. Mountains
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Which NC Biome is home to the Brook Trout?
Select one:
a. Coastal Plains

b. Piedmont
c. Mountains
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Why are invasive species so dangerous?
Select one:
a. Because it lowers their poplutions from their native lands.
b. Because they die out quickly.
c. Because they compete with native species causing the native
species to become stronger.
d. Because they have no natural predators and take over the
habitats of native species.
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Invasive species threaten biodiversity.
Select one:
True
False
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Choose 3 characteristics of Polar climates.
Select one or more:
a. Temperatures never reach above 50 degrees.
b. Found in the Northern Hemisphere only.
c. Found at both the South and North poles.
d. Lichens are found there.
e. Has the greatest biodiversity on the planet.

10.5.docx
Question 1
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Which of the following are parts of the water
cycle? condensation precipitation evapotranspiration all
of the above
Select one:
a. all of the above
b. condensation
c. evapotranspiration
d. precipitation
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The layer of an aquifer in which the pore space is completely
filled with water is called the zone
of: aeration saturation capillaries porosity
Select one:
a. saturation
b. capillaries
c. aeration
d. porosity
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Which of the following is NOT a way to ensure the water supply

for the future?
Select one:
a. limit use by individuals
b. enforce antipollution laws
c. enforce conservation laws
d. increase industrial wastewater
Question 4
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The aquifer layer in which all pores are filled with air is called
the
Select one:
a. zone of aeration
b. zone of saturation
c. groundwater
d. geyser
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Various forms of water that return to earth's surface from the
atmosphere are called
Select one:
a. evapotranspiration
b. precipitation
c. surface runoff
d. infiltration
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From bottom to top, the zones of an aquifer are:

Select one:
a. zone of saturation, zone of aeration, water table
b. zone of saturation, water table, zone of aeration
c. water table, zone of saturation, zone of aeration
d. zone of aeration, water table, zone of saturation
Question 7
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When water changes state from a gas to a liquid, the process is
called
Select one:
a. condensation
b. runoff
c. evapotranspiration
d. precipitation
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What are two ways that fresh water supplies can be maintained?
Select one:
a. conservation and condensation
b. conversation and declassification
c. conservation and evapotranspiration
d. conservation and alternative methods of obtaining fresh water
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An artesian well differs from an ordinary well in that

Select one:
a. water flows more freely in an ordinary well
b. artesian wells do not benefit from gravity
c. water is under pressure in an artesian well, and does not need
to be pumped out.
d. groundwater dips below the water table in an artesian well
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97% of the water on the earth’s surface is found in: rivers and
lakes underground wells Oceans
Select one:
a. rivers and lakes
b. underground
c. oceans
d. wells
Question 11
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Which of the following always erupts above land?
Select one:
a. spring
b. hot spring
c. well
d. geyser
Question 12
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Water that fills spaces in rock and sediments is called
Select one:

a. water table
b. spring
c. aquifer
d. groundwater
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How much of the Earth’s surface is covered by water?
Select one:
a. 70%
b. 50%
c. 90%
d. 20%
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The process by which plants and animals release water vapor
into the atmosphere is called.
Select one:
a. runoff
b. condensation
c. transpiration
d. infiltration
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The process of removing salt from ocean water is called
Select one:
a. aquifers
b. desalination

c. water budget
d. transpiration
9.2.docxNAME:Save as and name file yourname_9.2. Submit
for a grade.
9.2 The Shell Island Dilemma
A) Define each vocab word in the boxes prior to completing the
summary.
B) Use ALL 10 vocabulary words to describe the issue with
Shell Island. Highlight the words in your summary. This should
be a paragraph.
http://www.ncsu.edu/coast/shell/index.html
http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/islands01/backgroun
d/bight/bight.html
Definitions:
1. Barrier Island
2. Spit
3. Seawall
4. Groin
5. Sediments
6. Overwash (fans)
7. Revetment
8. Erosion
9. Jetty
10. Beach re-nourishment
Summary (Use all ten of the words from the boxes to describe
the problems with the Shell Island Dilemma.)
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__

Barrier Island
Spit
Seawall
Groin
Sediments
Overwash (fans)
Revetment
Erosion
Jetty
Beach re-nourishment
C) Who should pay for beach erosion… the property owners or
the tourists? Justify your answer.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
___________________________
9.8.docx
Name: ______________________________________ Date:
________________________
Student Exploration: Coastal Winds and Clouds
Vocabulary: condensation, convection, convection current, land
breeze, sea breeze
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the
Gizmo.)

A hot-air balloon contains a propane burner that directs hot air
into the interior of the balloon. You can see the flames in the
photo at left.
1. What happens when the air inside the balloon is heated?
___________
_____________________________________________________
____
2. What might happen if the burner was turned off?
__________________
_____________________________________________________
____
Gizmo Warm-up
Have you ever taken a walk along an ocean beach and noticed a
refreshing breeze blowing in from the water? The cause of this
breeze, called a sea breeze, is related to the reason that a hot-air
balloon is able to fly high in the sky. The Coastal Winds and
Clouds Gizmo™ allows you to explore how daily temperature
variations are related to sea breezes and other weather
phenomena.
Click Play (), and watch the Gizmo for 24 simulated hours,
focusing on the sailboat.
1. Click Pause () when the sailboat starts moving towards the
shore. This represents the start of the sea breeze. What time is
it? _________________________
2. Click Play, and then click Pause when the sailboat starts
moving out to sea again. This represents the start of the land

breeze. What time is it now? _________________________
3. Click Play, and now observe the clouds for a day. What do
you notice? ________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
Activity A:
Temperature and wind
Get the Gizmo ready:
· Click Reset ().
· Turn on the Weather probe.
Question: How is wind speed and direction related to air
temperature?
1. Think about it: Imagine a pocket of air over the land (“land
air”), and another pocket of air over the ocean (“ocean air”).
A. Which air pocket would you expect to heat up more during
the day? _____________
Why?
_____________________________________________________
_________

B. Which air pocket would you expect to cool down more at
night? ________________
Why?
_____________________________________________________
_________
2. Gather data: Check that the time is 6:00 a.m. Drag the
Weather probe so that it is on the ocean’s surface (Alt. 0 ft) on
the left side of the Gizmo, and record the air temperature. Then,
repeat with the probe on the land on the right side of the Gizmo.
Finally, move the probe to the land-sea boundary and record the
type of breeze (sea or land breeze) and wind speed. Record data
for each time listed in the table below.
Time
Ocean air temperature (°F)
Land air temperature (°F)
Sea breeze or land breeze?
Wind speed (mph)
6:00 a.m.
9:00 a.m.
12:00 p.m.

3:00 p.m.
6:00 p.m.
9:00 p.m.
12:00 a.m.
3:00 a.m.
3. Calculate: For both the ocean air temperature column and
land air temperature column, find the temperature range by
subtracting the lowest temperature from the highest.
A. How much does the temperature over the ocean change in
one day? ____________
B. How much does the temperature over the land change in one

day? ____________
(Activity A continued on next page)
Activity A (continued from previous page)
4. Analyze: Compare the air temperatures to the breezes.
A. At 6:00 a.m., where was the warmest air?
__________________________________
B. At 6:00 a.m., in which direction did the breeze blow?
_________________________
C. At 3:00 p.m., where was the warmest air?
__________________________________
D. At 3:00 p.m., in which direction did the breeze blow?
_________________________
5. Summarize: What is always true when there is a land breeze?
_______________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
What is always true when there is a sea breeze?
__________________________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
6. Draw conclusions: In general, the land changes temperature
much more rapidly than the ocean. How does this fact explain
the existence of land breezes and sea breezes?

_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
7. Extend your thinking: With the probe placed on the land-sea
boundary, monitor the wind speed. Click Pause when the
strength of the sea breeze is at a maximum.
A. At what time of day is the sea breeze strongest?
____________________________
B. Use the Weather probe to measure the land-air and ocean-air
temperatures. What are these temperatures at this time?
______________________________________
C. Click Play, and then click Pause when the strength of the
land breeze is at a maximum. What is the time?
____________________________________________
D. What are the land- and ocean-air temperatures now?
________________________
E. The wind changes direction at approximately 9:10 a.m. and
12:10 a.m. What is true about each of these times?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
______________
Activity B:
Convection currents
· Click Reset.
· Turn on the Drifting balloon.

Question: Why do land breezes and sea breezes occur?
1. Observe: Click Play, and observe the balloon for a period of
48 hours. Pause the simulation whenever the balloon changes
direction. Describe what you see in the space below.
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
2. Analyze: During what time period does the balloon drift in a
clockwise direction? _________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
During what time period does the balloon drift in a
counterclockwise direction? __________
________________________________________________
_________________________
3. Gather data: The diagram at right shows the scene at 6:00
a.m. Use the Weather probe to find and label the temperature at
each of the numbered locations.
Next, find the wind direction between the points on the
diagram. Draw arrows to represent the movement of air.

Which points represent the lowest and highest
temperatures on the diagram?
Lowest: _________ Highest: _________
4. Analyze: In which direction is the hottest air in the diagram
moving? ___________________
In which direction is the coldest air in the diagram moving?
___________________
This pattern—in which low-density, hot air rises while high-
density, cold air sinks—is an example of convection. The
resulting circular flow of air is called a convection current.
(Activity B continued on next page)
Activity B (continued from previous page)
5. Gather data: Click Play, and then click Pause at 3:00 p.m.
Use the Weather probe to find and label the temperature at each
of the numbered locations.
Find the wind direction between the points as you did before.
Draw arrows to represent the movement of air.
Which points represent the lowest and highest
temperatures on the diagram?
Lowest: _________ Highest: _________
6. Analyze: In which direction is the hottest air in the diagram
moving? ___________________

In which direction is the coldest air in the diagram moving?
___________________
7. Explain: What causes the counterclockwise flow of air in the
afternoon? ________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
8. Observe: Place the Weather probe at the land-sea boundary,
and click Pause when the sea breeze is strongest.
A. What do you notice in the sky at this time?
_________________________________
B. Click Play, and then pause the simulation when the land
breeze is strongest. What do you notice in the sky now?
___________________________________________
9. Explain: Clouds often form when a large mass of warm, moist
air rises quickly and cools, resulting in condensation of the
water vapor.
Based on this statement, why do clouds tend to form around
3:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m.?
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________

____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
HurricaneMotionSE.docx
Name: ______________________________________ Date:
________________________
Student Exploration: Hurricane Motion
Vocabulary: air pressure, Coriolis effect, eye, hurricane, knot,
meteorologist, precipitation
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the
Gizmo.)
A hurricane is a large, rotating tropical storm with wind speeds
of at least 74 miles per hour. Since 1990, meteorologists have
regularly used satellite images to track hurricanes.
1. The satellite image at right shows Hurricane Katrina just
before it hit New Orleans in 2005. Label the hurricane on the
image.
2. How do you think meteorologists predicted the arrival of a
hurricane before the 1990s?

_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Gizmo Warm-up
You can use data collected from weather stations to study the
characteristics of hurricanes. The Hurricane Motion Gizmo™
has three simulated weather stations. Turn on Show weather
station data. Make sure Wind, Cloud cover, and Pressure are all
checked.
The tails on each station symbol point in the direction the wind
is coming from. The flags on the tail indicate wind speed,
measured in knots. (One knot is equal to 1.151 mph.) A short
line extending from the tail indicates 5 knots of wind. A longer
line indicates 10 knots. A triangular flag indicates 50 knots.
Add all the flags together to get the wind speed.
The number in the station’s upper right is the air pressure,
which is measured in millibars (mb).
The circle symbol indicates the percentage of cloud cover, as
shown in the table at right.
Use the information above to complete this table for station A
on the Gizmo.
Wind speed (knots)
Wind from
Cloud cover
Pressure (mb)

Activity A:
Hurricane characteristics
· Make sure Practice, Show hurricane, and Show weather station
data are selected.
Introduction: Hurricanes form when an area of low pressure
forms over warm water. Winds blow toward the low pressure,
but are deflected by Earth’s rotation. The Coriolis effect causes
winds to curve to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to
the left in the Southern Hemisphere. This results in a
counterclockwise rotation for Northern Hemisphere hurricanes
and a clockwise rotation for Southern Hemisphere hurricanes.
Question: What are some characteristics of hurricanes?
1. Observe: In which hemisphere is the hurricane shown on the
Gizmo? __________________
How do you know?
_____________________________________________________
____
2. Describe patterns: Under Show hurricane, make sure Radar is
selected. Radar is used to determine where precipitation, such
as rain, is falling. Blue indicates light rainfall. Heavier rain is
shown with yellow and then orange. Red indicates the heaviest
rainfall.

A. Where within the hurricane is the lightest rainfall?
___________________________
B. Where within the hurricane is the heaviest rainfall?
__________________________
C. Describe any patterns you see in the distribution of a
hurricane’s rain. ____________
_____________________________________________________
______________
3. Observe: Under Show hurricane, select Satellite. Satellite
images are taken from cameras built into satellites orbiting
Earth. These images are used to study cloud coverage over large
areas, including the clouds associated with a hurricane.
A. Which is larger, the area of rainfall or the area of cloud
cover? __________________
B. Where is the cloud cover most dense?
____________________________________
C. Where is the cloud cover least dense?
____________________________________
4. Identify: The center of rotation of a hurricane is called the
eye. The eye of a hurricane is a core of warm, relatively calm
air with low pressure and light winds. Label the eye on the
hurricane at right.
(Activity A continued on next page)
Activity A (continued from previous page)
(

Category
Wind speed (mph)
1
74-95
mph
2
96-110
mph
3
111-130
mph
4
131-155
mph
5
greater than 155
mph
)
5. Classify: Hurricanes are categorized based on their wind
speeds. The chart at right shows the five categories used to
classify hurricanes.
Move the hurricane so that the center of the storm is directly
over one of the weather stations.
A. Remember one knot is equal to 1.151 miles per hour. What is
the hurricane’s highest wind speed in miles per hour?
___________________________________________
B. What category is this hurricane?
_________________________________________
6. Observe: Move the hurricane towards another weather
station. As you do this, observe the cloud cover, wind speed,
and air pressure at the station.

A. How does the cloud cover change?
_______________________________________
B. How does the wind speed change?
_______________________________________
C. How does the air pressure change?
______________________________________
7. Collect data: Move a hurricane north, east, south, and west of
a weather station. In the table below, record the wind direction
in each case.
Hurricane position in relation to weather station
Wind direction at weather station
North
East
South
West
8. Analyze: How can you tell the location of the hurricane
relative to a weather station based on this information?
_____________________________________________________
____
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________

_____________________________________________________
____________________
Activity B:
Predict hurricanes
· Select Experiment and click Pause ().
Question: How can you predict the location and path of a
hurricane?
1. Observe: Click Play (), and wait until you see a hurricane
approaching one of the weather stations. Click Pause. What
changes indicate a hurricane is approaching?
Cloud cover: _________________________ Air pressure:
_________________________
Wind speed: _________________________
2. Observe: Click Play, and wait for the hurricane to go over the
land. What happens in the hours after landfall?
_____________________________________________________
____
3. Collect data: Click Reset (). Turn off Show hurricane. Click
Play. When the simulation reads Day 1, 3:00 PM, click Pause
and record the data from each weather station.
Station
Wind speed (knots)
Wind from
Cloud cover

Pressure (mb)
A
B
C
4. Interpret: Using the readings above, do you think a hurricane
is nearby? Explain.
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
5. Run Gizmo: Allow the Gizmo to run until the weather station
data indicates a hurricane is nearby and will soon make landfall.
Click Pause.
A. What weather station data indicated a hurricane would soon
make landfall?
________________________________________________

___________________
________________________________________________
___________________
B. Turn on Show hurricane. Was your prediction correct?
Explain. _______________
________________________________________________
___________________
(Activity B continued on next page)
Activity B (continued from previous page)
6. Gather data: Turn off Show hurricane, and click Reset. Click
Play. At 12:00 p.m. of day 1, click Pause. Drag a pointer to the
predicted position of the eye of the hurricane, and draw an
arrow in the diagram below. Label this arrow “1.”

Turn on Show hurricane, and mark a circle where the
actual eye is located. Label this circle “1.” Turn off Show
hurricane, and then repeat this procedure every 12 hours to
mark the predicted and actual path of the hurricane.
7. On your own: Practice predicting the current and future
positions of hurricanes. You can click the POINTER button at
the bottom of the Gizmo and drag an arrow to where you think
the eye of the hurricane is located. Turn on Show hurricane to
check your prediction. Click COPY SCREEN to take a snapshot
of the predicted and actual positions of the hurricane.
Paste your snapshots into a black document. Label each
snapshot. Turn in your hurricane tracking document with this
worksheet.
8. Make connections: As warm, moist air rises, water vapor in
the air condenses and releases a great deal of heat energy. This
energy powers a hurricane. How does this information explain
what happens to hurricanes after they make landfall?
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________

WaterCycleSE.docx
Name: ______________________________________ Date:
________________________
Student Exploration: Water Cycle
Vocabulary: aquifer, condensation, evaporation, freezing,
glacier, melting, phase change, precipitation, reservoir, runoff,
transpiration, water cycle
Prior Knowledge Question (Do this BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
The water that comes out of your faucet at home used to be in
the ocean. How did water get from the ocean to your water
faucet? ______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_______________________
_____________________________________________________
_______________________
Gizmo Warm-up
Water on Earth is always in motion. These motions form a
repeating circuit called the water cycle. The Water Cycle
Gizmo™ allows you to explore the different paths water takes
as it moves from Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back.
1. Click Oceans. What percentage of Earth’s water is found in
the oceans? _______________________
1. Click Atmosphere. How does the Sun cause water to move

from the oceans to the atmosphere?
_____________________________________________________
_________
1. Click Clouds. How do clouds form?
____________________________________________
1. Click Precip (rain). (“Precip” is short for precipitation, or
water falling to Earth’s surface.)
What causes it to rain?
_____________________________________________________
_
1. Click Oceans again, and then choose the PATH tab. Because
it has the same beginning and end, the path is a complete cycle.
How many steps does this cycle have? ___________
Activity:
The water cycle
1. Select the SIMULATION tab, and click Reset.
Question: What are the parts of the water cycle?
1. Collect data: Create two water cycles using the Gizmo. Each
cycle should have at least four steps and should begin and end
at the same location. Choose any starting point from the list on
the right. When the cycle is complete, choose the PATH tab and
write the steps below.
Cycle 1:
________________________________________________

________________
_____________________________________________________
___________
Cycle 2:
________________________________________________
________________
_____________________________________________________
___________
1. Analyze: Use the information presented in the Gizmo to
answer the following questions.
0. What percentage of Earth’s water can be found in soil?
_______________________
0. What percentage of Earth’s water is stored in ice and snow?
___________________
0. What percentage of Earth’s fresh water is stored in ice and
snow? ______________
0. What percentage of Earth’s water is found in lakes?
_________________________
0. What is transpiration? (Hint: Click the Vegetation button.)
____________________
_____________________________________________________
______________
0. What human activity uses the most water worldwide?
________________________

0. What human activity uses the most water in the United
States? _________________
0. What organisms break down chemical wastes in a treatment
plant? _____________
0. What is an aquifer?
___________________________________________________
0. What is a reservoir?
__________________________________________________
0. In what ways can runoff be a problem?
___________________________________
_____________________________________________________
______________
(Activity continued on next page)Activity (continued from
previous page)
1. Define: A phase change is a change from one state to another,
such as from a liquid to a gas. Based on what you have read in
the Gizmo, fill in the blanks with the words “liquid,” “gas,” or
“solid” to define each change.
Evaporation: Change from a _______________ to a
_______________.
Condensation: Change from a _______________ to a
_______________.
Melting: Change from a _______________ to a
_______________.

Freezing: Change from a _______________ to a
_______________.
1. Practice: Fill in the process that causes each transition. Your
choices are evaporation, condensation, precipitation, melting,
and freezing.
0. Ocean Atmosphere
_______________________
0. Atmosphere Clouds
_______________________
0. Cloud Snow
_______________________
0. Glacier (river of ice) River
_______________________
0. Cloud Soil
_______________________
1. Practice: Fill in the two processes that cause each of the
following transitions.
0. Ocean Cloud _______________________,
_______________________
0. Cloud Glacier _______________________,
_______________________
1. Think and discuss: Water covers over two-thirds of Earth’s

surface. Yet water shortages are a major problem for many
people around the world. Why do you think this is the case?
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________

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