gene transfer to plants

1. ‫گياهان‬‫به‬ ‫ژن‬ ‫انتقال‬ ‫روشهای‬

2. ‫قارچهای‬ ‫به‬ ‫گياهان‬ ‫مقاومت‬ ‫مکانيسم‬
‫بيماريزا‬

3. ‫ژن‬ ‫انتقال‬ ‫روشهای‬

4. Microinjection

5. Microinjection

6. Liposome fusion

7. Gene gun

8. Schematic gene gun

9. Agrobacterium tumefaciens

10. Agrobacterium tumefaciens system

11. The basis of Agrobacterium-
mediated genetic engineering
 T-DNA of A. tumefaciens is excised and
integrates into the plant genome as part of the
natural infection process.
 Any foreign DNA inserted into the T-DNA will
also be integrated.

13. Tissue culture is a process that involves exposing plant
tissue to a specific regimen of nutrients, hormones, and
light under sterile, in vitro conditions to produce many
new plants, each a clone of the original mother plant,
over a very short period of time

15. Transformation
Definition:
Gene
transfer
resulting
from the
uptake of
DNA from a
donor.

16. Transformation

17. Transduction
Definition: Gene transfer from a
donor to a recipient by way of a
bacteriophage
Bacteriophage (phage): A virus that
infects bcteria

18. Phage Composition and Structure
 Composition
– Nucleic acid
• Genome
size
• Modified
bases
– Protein
• Protection
• Infection
 Structure
– Head or capsid
– Tail
Tail
Tail Fibers
Base Plate
Head/Capsid
Contractile
Sheath

19. Generalized Transduction
Potentially any donor gene can be transferred
• Infection of Donor
• Phage replication and degradation of host DNA
•Assembly of phages particles
•Release of phage
•Infection of recipient
•Homologous recombination

20. Conjugation
 Definition: Gene transfer from a
donor to a recipient by direct
physical contact between cells
 Mating types in bacteria
– Donor
• F factor (Fertility factor)
– F (sex) pilus
Donor
Recipient
– Recipient
• Lacks an F factor