Haiti Essays
Haiti: A Case Study
Essay On Haitian Culture
Haiti: A Place To Travel Around The World
Haiti Earthquake Essay
Research on Haiti Essay
The Hardship of Haiti Essay
Haiti Research Paper
Argumentative Essay On Haiti
Education In Haiti Essay
Essay on Haiti
Haiti Essay
America and Haiti Essay
Haiti : An Island Country
Background Paper On Haiti
My Life In Haiti
Haiti Education In Haiti
Reflection On Haiti
Haiti : A Country Of Haiti
Haiti Earthquake Essay
1. Haiti Essays
Haiti
Haiti has long been known for its major export of Haitian migrants in search of a better way of
life. It is an exodus that goes back several decades, however with recent times the numbers have
increased dramatically. In fact, that numbers of Haitians fleeing Haiti in the early 1990's far
exceeds the numbers recorded in earlier years. Between 1972– 1979, some 8,000– 10,000 Haitians
arrived in the United States. Compare this number with the 14,443 Haitians interdicted between
September 30, 1991 – January 1, 1992. By early 1994, this number totaled over 41,000 (Report on
the Situation of Human Rights in Haiti, 1994). Economic deprivation has always been the
predominant influence for the migrating of Haitians, yet in the...show more content...
After the coup d' etat, thousands upon thousands of Haitians set forth on a long journey with hopes
of seeking refuge in the United States, "the land of opportunity", via Florida. From the very
beginnings of the crisis in Haiti, we can see the various policies adapted by the three different
presidents who held office in the U.S. Through the Reagan, Bush, and finally Clinton
administrations, there is an evolution of policy from that of silence, to a gradual increase of concern,
and ultimately an objective of restoring democracy in Haiti. However, the one thing that remained
constant throughout each administration was the U.S. policy and practice of interdiction and
repatriation of Haitian refugees. This policy was indeed successful in curtailing the influx of
Haitians into the U.S. (Report on the Situation of Human Rights in Haiti, 1994). The theory of
normative liberalism can be seen as an explanation for the U.S. policy in dealing with the Haitian
refugees. The theory assumes that democratic societies have certain democratic norms translate into
international non–violence. However, any state that violates these norms will be subject to
punishment. The essential norm that identifies liberalism is the right to individual freedoms, which
above all is the idea of moral freedom. Liberalism calls for freedom from subjective authority or
"negative freedoms", and the right to democratic participation or
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2. Haiti: A Case Study
Over a period of decades and several billion dollars of aid, Haiti remained in a dire state, with a very
bleak outlook as a fragile state. Reform conditions that accompanied the aid were oft short–sighted
and did not work to improving the situation – sometimes even doing harm, for example, failed trade
liberalization, which all but destroyed local rice farming (Phillips, E., Watson, D.D., II, 2011).
Focusing on the assembly sector and export markets had the undesirable effect of bringing many
from the rural areas into the city, the effects of which were serious overcrowding and resultant
slums, and the call for reduction of state employment rather than looking to expand its reach and
basic services outwards to better include rural areas (Mobekk, E., Spyrou, S.I., 2002)....show more
content...
Privatization reform was demonstrated against by Haitian groups, and this political sensitivity
among the people to it went ignored by the IMF, even resulting in aid being withheld when
government took on board the concerns of the people. Many of these introduced problems could
have been avoided if a better understanding of the problem was achieved before policy made; and
then have those amenable to change according to the feedback of their
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3. Essay On Haitian Culture
The Haitian Culture is in the mix with African and European culture just because of the French.
Haitian music, art, language and religion are the big topics in their population. As I read and did
research on Haitian's culture I noticed that they are into a lot of music and celebrations a long
with a lot of art. Kids in Haiti do a lot of painting and enjoy a lot of music but what do they make
art with? What do they make music with? What makes these celebrations so big? Donations from
all over the world have made these kids have so much more art work and music compared to what
they have had before, they would use they fingers or stick to make their paint brushes, they would
use bowls, pots, and pans to make music or anything that made a beat.
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4. Haiti: A Place To Travel Around The World
Travel around the world? Wow! There are so many places to choose from, all that are in need of
Christian love and service. One place that really stands out to me, however, is Haiti. I would love
to visit our sister school and visit our extended sisters of Mercy. With Haiti's high poverty rates
and large number of orphaned children, I feel that I would do the most good in this small,
tropical country. In researching, I found that there is a strong need for food assistance as well as
clean water, health care, education and other important projects. While I may not be able fix all of
Haiti's problems in one visit, I plan to at least try to make a difference to a few people. Joining me
will be my mom and my big sister. I have known my Mercy big
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5. Haiti Earthquake Essay
The January 12, 2010 Haiti Earthquake caused an enormous destruction in the Caribbean nation.
Hospitals and government buildings collapsed along with an unbelievable amount of homes. Tens
of thousands of people were killed, and many more were wounded. The disaster added more misery
to people already struggling to get by with everyday life. Haiti is one of the poorest nations in the
world. The January 12 quake demolished almost every major building in Port–au–Prince, Haiti's
capital. About 5,000 schools in the city were destroyed or damaged. Throughout Haiti, more than
220,000 people were killed, and more than 1 million were left homeless. A few days after the
quake, the number of survivors stood at 121 as hopes of finding more became...show more content...
The most recent cyclones to hit the island before the earthquake were Tropical Storm Fay and
Hurricanes Gustav, Hanna and Ike, all in the summer of 2008, causing nearly 800 deaths.[27]
Geology
USGS intensity map
Map showing regional tectonic setting of the Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone
Tiny dots of white against the plant–covered landscape (red in this image) are possible landslides, a
common occurrence in mountainous terrain after large earthquakes. The Enriquillo–Plantain Garden
fault zone runs along the two linear valleys at the top of the imageThe magnitude 7.0 Mw
earthquake occurred inland,
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6. Research on Haiti Essay
HAITI: IT'S PAST AND PRESENT Haiti is the second largest Caribbean Island. It occupies a third
of the western part of the island it shares with the Dominican Republic. Haiti is also made up of
several islands that surround the main territory. The capital is Port–au–Prince. It rains between
November and March in the North of the island and between May and October in the South. "Once
covered by forest, the country has been heavily logged for wood and fuel and to clear land for
farming, and is now largely deforested." Haiti is divided into "nine administrative departments."
Besides the capital, other important cities are Cap–Haitien and Gonaives. "Haiti is the most densely
populated country in Latin America and has the lowest per...show more content...
Before the war, the whole island of Hispaniola had belonged to Haiti for 22 years. The Dominican
War of Independence of 1844 was led by twenty year old Juan Pablo Duarte. Duarte along with
Matias Ramon Mella and Francisco del Rosario Sanchez formed a group they called La Trinitaria
or the Trinity. They recruited many people and kept their actions very secret to avoid detection by
any Haitian authorities. The group was eventually discovered and it was forced to change its name
to La Filantropica or The Philanthropic. The group continued to make trouble for the Haitians. In
1843 the group had a break as it worked with a "liberal Haitian party" they were able to overthrow
the president. Their success continued and on February 27, 1844, Dominican rebels seized the
Fortaleza Ozama in Santo Domingo. Within days all Haitian officials left Santo Domingo. The war
continued and the Dominican Republic continued to defend against Haitian attacks. The Republic
went on to win more wars against Haiti's attacks. "In November 6, 1844 a Constituent assembly
drafted a constitution, based on the Haitian and United States models, which established separation
of powers and legislative checks on the executive." The war continued throughout September and
November of 1845. The war for independence was foreseeable as tensions built over the twenty two
years in which Haiti had control of the island. The relationship between
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7. The Hardship of Haiti Essay
Haiti is a beautiful Caribbean country that has had more than its fair share of hardship. A culture of
strength and perseverance is evident from the moment one arrives and it only feels stronger the
further one travels from Port au Prince. The people are of African descent, with a strong French
influence creating a uniquely mixed culture that is rare in the western hemisphere. The business
climate is such that there are very few foreign businesses or joint ventures in Haiti and although there
are many historic reasons for that, there now sits immense opportunity. First–mover advantage is
only an advantage if the first–mover is successful. A firm in the initial stages of market research into
Haiti will be drawn to the dream of...show more content...
Safety and security is a big risk in most underdeveloped nations, and Haiti is riskier than most.
Finally, the provision of broad based orientation to this new market as it applies directly to business
operations in this new market.
History
Understanding Haiti's past will grant an ideal window into the cultural soul of this nation and may
aid in a deeper realization of why many things appear as they do in this country. Cultural
intelligence is defined as "an individual's capability to function and manage effectively in culturally
diverse setting" (Ahn & Ettner, 2013). This is a highly sought after skill in the interconnected world
of globalization where this individual appears to hold a "seemingly natural ability to interpret
someone's unfamiliar and ambiguous gestures in just the way that person's compatriots and
colleagues would" (Ahn & Ettner, 2013). Having an individual with these skills in a firm would
reduce the likelihood of communicating a cultural faux pas that would inadvertently hinder business
relations. Gaining knowledge will greatly contribute to the competitive advantage of a firm. To
understand Haiti, one must start in 1492, when the Island of Hispaniola was first discovered by
Christopher Columbus (Central, n.d.). In the initial 25 years of Spanish control of the island the
Spanish settlers killed off almost all of the indigenous people who had originally occupied the island
(Central, n.d.). "In 1697, Spain ceded to
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8. Haiti Research Paper
The country that I chose to research for my paper is Haiti. Haiti is located in Cuba and Puerto
Rico. Haiti shares the Island of Hispaniola with the Dominican Republic. The capital of Haiti is
Port–au–Prince, and the population is 9,996,731. Haiti has two official languages French and
Haitian Creole. About 2.1 million people of the population live in Port–Au–Prince, which makes the
capital an extremely congested city. Haiti is shared by the Caribbean island of Hispaniola with the
Dominican Republic. The total area of Haiti is 27,700 square kilometers. About 95 percent of the
Haitian population consist of African descent. The two official languages are French and Creole.
Haiti has seen a large amount of emigration...show more content...
Farmers in Haiti grow various produce such as; rice, beans, corn, sorghum, bananas, and coffee. In
1994, President Jean–Bertrand Aristide's government adopted a policy that eliminated subsidies in
fertilizers and other inputs that brought down the protected tariffs on grain down to between zero
and five percent. The zero tariff policy brought devastating effects. This causes their products to be
undersold and too much for Haitians to purchase. On January 2010 a devastating thing happened
that lasted approximately 90 seconds but forever changed Haiti. January 12 a devastating
earthquake struck their country leaving behind a wrath of destruction. The earthquake measured
out at 7.0 on the rector scale. Sadly, up 200,000 people were lost to the deadly earthquake. Over
1.5 million people were left homeless and after 5 years over 80,000 Haitians are still living in
makeshift shelters and tents in Port–au
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10. Education In Haiti Essay
Haiti is a country on the island Hispaniola which is in the Caribbean Sea. Haiti makes up about 1/3
of the island and the other two thirds is the Dominican Republic. Haiti is primarily populated by
African–Caribbean people with a history of French colonialism. Haiti is about the size of Maryland,
just over 10,000 square miles. The current population is roughly 9 million. Haiti was the first black
nation to win its independence in 1804.Haiti's history has a uniquely tragic history with natural
disasters, poverty, racial discord, and political instability have destroyed the country throughout its
history. Before the arrival of the Europeans, Arawak and Carib indians lived on the island. In 1697
Spain ceded the western third of the island to France....show more content...
even after improvement in enrollment and the commitment of the government to build up public
education. They have challenges in funding and finding teachers that are trained. These problems
put a generation of youth at risk of not getting the knowledge and basic skills necessary to
succeed in the labor force. To fix the education issues facing the country , the government has
made dree education a priority and during the fall of 2011 they began to the rollout of an plan to
enroll 1.5 million student in its education system by 2016. More than 80% of the schools are
private which makes it very hard for parents to send their children to school. About 1.5 million
children which is about half the children in haiti don't go to school. About 50% of the rural kids
ages 6 – 11 will never go to school and only 35% make it to 6th grade and the rest drop out because
of financial problems. Less than 1% high school graduates attend post–secondary education. More
than 80% of the population is unemployed. Both public and private suffer do to a lake in materials,
expertise, management, and organization that has been do to natural disasters, diseases and regional
conflicts, and lack of funds. By making them use of French rather than Haitian Creole in the
classroom, the current Haitian education discriminates against students of lower class status, the
majority of whom are not good at speaking French, the legal and
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11. Essay on Haiti
Haiti was once the first black independent republic in the world and the richest island in the
Caribbean. Today Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and one of the poorest
countries in the world. What could have happened to Haiti in almost two hundred years of history?
The country experienced repeated civil war and foreign intervention. Haiti is not isolated from the
international world. Thus, it was not out of concern for ordinary Haitians that the United States
intervened in Haiti. It was out of concern for profit and stability within the United States' own
backyard. The purpose of this paper is to show the negative aspect that the United States had played
in the government of Haiti.
The situation in Haiti was...show more content...
Over one thousand miles of roads and two hundred bridges were built. The occupiers reconstructed
the French irrigation system that Haiti had, new wharves and acetylene lighthouses were built.
Theaters and parks were restored or built from the ground up. The public health systems were
enlarged; hospitals and clinics were set up across the country. Even American doctors came to train
Haitian doctors, and some Haitian doctors went to the U.S. to study (Thomas Smith: 291, video).
These are the only things that Haiti benefited from this intervention.
Another achievement made during this transition was that the Marines from the US established
reformation of the Haitian army. They replaced it by a National Police Force (La Garde d'Haiti)
that dominated Haitian politics ever since. This army had been conceived as a nonpartisan
peacekeeping force that would help ensure the right kind of political stability. During the occupation
it did so. Afterward, however the existence of such a force ended by helping political strongmen stay
in power.
"The Haitian Garde was especially created to fight against other Haitians. It received its baptism of
fire in combat against its countrymen. And the Garde, like the army it was to sire, has indeed never
fought anyone but Haitians. Its most important campaign was its participation alongside the Marines
in the war against the peasant nationalists led by Charlemagne Peralte and Benoit Battraville, when
Marines and Garde together
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12. Haiti Essay
Voodoo in Haiti A typical ceremony begins with a Roman Catholic prayer. Then three drummers
begin to play syncopated rhythms. The attendees begin to dance around a tree in the center of the
yard, moving faster and harder with the rising pulse of the beat. The priest draws sacred symbols
in the dust with cornmeal, and rum is poured on the ground to honor the spirits. One woman falls
to the ground, convulsing for a moment before she is helped back to her feet. She resumes the
dance, moving differently now, and continues dancing for hours. It is perhaps no longer she who is
dancing: She is in a trance, apparently possessed by voodoo spirits. Voodoo is the dominant religion
of Haiti it is said that Haitians are seventy percent catholic,...show more content...
They can be good, evil, capricious, or demanding. Loua show their displeasure by making people
sick, and voodoo is used to diagnose and treat illnesses. Loua are not nature's spirits, and they do
not make crops grow or bring rain. The loua of one family have no claim over members of other
families, and they cannot protect or harm them. Voodooists are therefore not interested in the loua of
other families Loua appear to family members in dreams which enter through trances. Many Haitians
believe that loua are capable of temporarily taking over the bodies of children. Men and women
enter trances when they assume the traits of a particular loua. People in a trance feel giddy and
usually remember nothing after they return to a normal state of consciousness. Voodoo experts say
that the spirit temporarily replaces the human personality. Possession trances occur usually during
rituals such as services for loua or a vodoun dance in honor of the loua. Loua appear to entranced
people, they may bring warnings or explanations for the causes of illnesses or misfortune. Loua often
engage the crowd around them through flirtation, jokes, or accusations Ancestors are associated with
family loua as the most important spiritual entities in voodoo. Elaborate funeral and mourning rites
reflect the important
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13. America and Haiti Essay
America and Haiti
The United States interest in Haiti, as mentioned above, began a huge increase in the first decade of
the twentieth century. The extent of U. S. economic penetration was not as great as that of France
and Germany, but by 1910 it controlled sixty percent of Haiti's import industry. Unfortunately, the
Haitian banking system did not follow this path and was, at this time, "perilously close to
domination by European interests." (Langley, 1982, 70) In an effort to gain more control over
Haitian economic affairs, the United States engaged in a battle with France and Germany over the
Banque Nationale. Two banks from the U. S. attempted to obtain control of the bank but lost out to a
German bank, which proceeded to ally itself...show more content...
As U. S. Secretary of State Philander Knox stated, "If hostilities between rival factions become
imminent, define neutral zone and prevent fighting in the city. Land forces if necessary, safeguard
American interests, and in general prevent any action detrimental to foreign interests." (Challener,
333) However, the predicted time bomb of Haiti never went off, and the situation was left for Taft's
successor Woodrow Wilson to deal with.
The Wilson Administration also saw political instability as Haiti's primary and immediate problem.
Between 1911 and U. S. military intervention in 1915, seven Haitian presidents had either been
assassinated or removed from office by force. This lack of stability gave the United States yet one
more excuse to get involved in Haitian matters – in order to keep European powers at bay and from
taking advantage of the politically vulnerable state. In creating his Haitian political agenda, Wilson
relied–to a great extent–on the advice of Banque Nationale's American manager Roger Farnham. As
stated above, Farnham and the Banque had a great deal of power over the Haitian executives. When
consulted by Wilson, Farnham deduced that "American business would leave the republic unless the
United States intervened to protect it." (Langley, 1982, 71) Though this was certainly not the
deciding factor in the intervention of the U. S., it certainly helped direct American policy down that
particular path, making intervention increasingly
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14. Haiti : An Island Country
Haiti is an island country that borders the Dominican Republic and is also close in region to the
islands of Jamaica, Cuba, and Puerto Rico. This country of Haiti has French as its national tongue,
due to European colonization, however, the country is dominantly and significantly of African
descent. Also, the nation's official language is French and the native sport in Haiti is soccer. One of
my good friends, Pierre Gaston, who claims the "mountainous country"(as it is translated in English)
as his original home, was delighted to recall the impactful memories that living in Haiti granted him
before later moving to the United States of America.
Before the interview, me and Pierre took a walk and he told me that his older sisters were coming
to visit Murfreesboro from Antioch, and that they were going to make him a traditional Haitian dish
involving fried plantains that he couldn't wait for. Pierre, his sisters, and his parents all packed their
things and flew to the United States of America when Pierre was 9–years–old. When asked about his
overall experience as a child in Haiti, the thing that stuck out initially to Pierre was the difference
between how media was available to more people in America as opposed to Haiti. "There are TVs
and computers there just like in the United States, but not so much with regular population as with
those who could afford them. I knew a lot of people who didn't have access to those things." said
Pierre. Pierre then noted how active
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15. Background Paper On Haiti
BACKGROUND PAPER
ON
HAITI
1. The purpose of this background paper is to address the current economic, health, and sustenance
levels of Haiti. The importance and degree to which the United States of America has impacted these
conditions will also be discussed.
2. Haiti, especially in the past ten years, has been subject to tremendous adversity that has greatly
affected their economic and resource growth. With nearly 80% of the Haitian population living
under the poverty line, Haiti is currently the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere.1 The 7.0
magnitude earthquake that occurred in January of 2010, destroying much of Port–au–Prince,
proximal cities, and inflicting $7.8 billion in damages further wreaked havoc on an already suffering
...show more content...
There is a significant Haitian diaspora in the United States creating new business opportunities and
fostering valuable ties to our close neighbor. Started in 2008, The Hemispheric Opportunity Through
Partnership Encouragement (HOPE) Act and the 2010 Haiti Economic Lift Program (HELP) are
examples of such ties that provide manufacturing products in Haiti, such as textile and apparel
products. Haiti's apparel industry accounts for nearly 90 percent of national export earnings and
creates approximately 30,000 job opportunities, which demonstrates just how vital the HOPE and
HELP Acts have been with regard to the redevelopment of Haiti's economy.1 Pertaining to the health
and sustenance levels of Haiti, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
provides essential health, nutrition, and family planning education, to Haitian communities.3 The
USAID additionally aids to provide primary health care services for nearly half of the Haitian
population by contributing financial and educational support to 164 of their health facilities.3
Furthermore, to improve the ease of accessibility for people with disabilities, the USAID is currently
renovating 12 health care centers and schools in Haiti.3
5. This paper discussed the economic and health statuses of Haiti. It further addressed how the
United States of America affects these statuses and the significance of them for both nations
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17. Haiti Education In Haiti
Education plays a big role in the world that we live in today. Having an education will take you
very far in life with things such as owning your own business and even just getting a job.
Everyone has the dream of owning a business or having their dream job, but for some people having
their dream job or being a boss is more difficult than it sounds. Places in the world like Haiti are very
poor countries which makes it hard for them to receive a good education. In Haiti, education is an
honor, it is not a right for them like it is in America, meaning the education is not a top priority for
everyone because of the economic issues that they face. In Haiti about half of the population never
got the chance to attend school. Then, out of those who are fortunate enough to attend school sixty
percent of the students drop out before they enter sixth grade and twenty percent never make it to
primary school. These problems are due to being a part of the several poor income families and they
need their children to work instead of attending class but, this all is just a start to the understanding
of education in Haiti. One problem that the Haitians have in the education school system is low
enrollment. In Haiti the primary school enrollment is roughly seventy–five percent which is an
improvement from earlier years but is still very low. An average Haitian, who is twenty–five years
or older, has less than five years of schooling out of their entire life. School fees can be prohibitively
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18. Reflection On Haiti
3155
09/16/16 was the date that my mother told me that I have to go Haiti. "What for " I couldn't believe
it " I have 3 AP classes! are you serious?! Please don't make me go" I remember pleading her. It was
for immigration purposes, in order to stay I had to get my permanent residence or else I had to say
goodbye to this land that has being home for 6 years.
I was never brave, I was forced to be strong after the Haiti Earthquake and I learned to live by myself
but I was never brave. I went by the rules, I made people happy, I took no risk, I tried my best on
something and when I failed I moved on to something else. I never pushed myself. When I
realized I was to far into the year and I couldn't just drop everything and move on, I became lost. I
didn't know this feeling because my life was always in control. I had good grades, good GPA and
admired by many teachers. I couldn't accept the fact that my life was about to drastically change.
At that moment, my biggest weakness, fear, said "hello". After the...show more content...
I kept on telling myself that my grades didn't define me and I was great student.
Of course I was great student, that was letting fear invade her. Leading her to think that she is not
college material, she was an unworthy student . Fear made me weak, hurt and pessimist. I was
slowly losing all hope in my future. I was losing myself to fear.
One night, fear woke me up and reminded me of all my flaws, I felt was my chest was heavy. I
couldn't breathe. I told myself maybe if you talk to the teachers they could help you or maybe...
maybe... maybe if you stop looking for pity party, stop whining and start looking for a solution.
Maybe you take control and let fear go. Maybe if you try, then maybe 31 and 55 will take a different
route.
Looking at myself in the mirror that night. My eyes, red and puffy. I didn't like what I felt or saw. I
didn't want to be this self–loathing
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20. Haiti Earthquake Essay
The island nation of Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, with one in four
inhabitants of this small Caribbean nation living in extreme poverty. Plagued by political instability,
as well as the devastating aftermath of the 2010 earthquake, the country of Haiti is still struggling for
recovery.
In the wake of the worst earthquake in a 200–year history of Haiti, an estimated 1.5 million people
were left homeless. The rehabilitation process for the affected population is crippled by the
financial hardships of the country. According to a World Bank report, one in two Haitians live in
poverty, living on less than 3 dollars a day.
The extreme poverty conditions in the country have unsurprisingly affected the healthcare system as
...show more content...
According to UNICEF, maternal mortality in Haiti is 35 women out of every thousand; neonatal
healthcare is equally abysmal, with 3.1 percent of newborns dying within the first month after birth.
Most of the maternal and neonatal deaths are considered largely preventable, given adequate
healthcare resources. Accessibility to these resources is another important issue, with less than 36
percent of pregnant women giving birth in any healthcare facility.
The poor state of maternal health has spurred Maternal Life International– a non–profit organization
based in Montana– to direct their efforts for better maternal and neonatal healthcare at Haiti. Their
objective is to build family health offices in the country to assist pregnant women and newborns.
As laudable as their mission is, it is faced with the difficulties of resource scarcity in Haiti. The
lack of lumber in Haiti is a major obstacle in rebuilding the country. The deforestation of Haiti has
long been an issue of concern for the island nation, affecting the economic and ecological health of
the country. Wood is quite significant for building structures in Haiti, as cement buildings are a
danger in a region susceptible to to
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