Degrees of burns with anatomy of skin

1. DEGREES OF BURNS
By M.Haseeb Tariq

2. DEFINITION
A burn is a type of injury to skin, or other tissues, caused by heat, cold, electricity, chemicals, friction, or
radiation.

3. ANATOMY OF SKIN
We assess the damage done to skin and deeper tissues by measuring the extent
of layers of skin affected by the burn along with any of the deeper tissues
involved.
A basic understanding of anatomy of skin is therefore required.

4. LAYERS OF SKIN
Mainly there are following main layers of skin:
➔ Epidermis
➔ Dermis
➔ Hypodermis

6. Burns are assesed as:
● Superficial partial thickness burn
● Deep partial thickness burn
● Full thickness burn

7. SUPERFICIAL PARTIAL THICKNESS
● Damage no deeper than Papillary Dermis
● Blistering
● Loss of epidermis
● Underlying Dermis Pink & Moist
● Pinprick sensations intact
● Heals without scarring in 2 weeks

8. DEEP PARTIAL THICKNESS
● Damage deeper to Reticular Dermis
● Epidermis is lost
● Exposed dermis is not moist
● Fixed capillary staining
● Pinprick sensations reduced
● Heals with hypertrophic scarring
● Takes 3 weeks or more

9. FULL THICKNESS
● Whole Dermis destroyed
● Hard, Leathery feel
● No Capillary return
● Burns compeletely anaesthetized (Needle can be stuck)

10. DEGREE OF BURNS
THERE ARE 4 DEGREES OF BURNS CLASSIFIED ON THE BASIS OF
EXTENT OF LAYERS INVOLVED BY THE INJURY.
❖ 1ST DEGREE BURN
❖ 2ND DEGREE BURN
❖ 3RD DEGREE BURN
❖ 4TH DEGREE BURN

11. 1ST DEGREE BURN
● Cause pain
● Redness
● Involve only Epidermis

12. 2nd DEGREE BURN
● Partial thickness burn
● Involve Epidermis & Dermis
● Cause Pain, Swelling & Blistering

13. 3RD DEGREE BURNS
● Full thickness burn
● Leathery appearance
● Through Dermis and to Deeper tissues
● Not sensitive to Pain

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