Biology A Laboratory Guide the Natural world bacterial infection. The thymus gland is where T cels (mmune system cells) mature, especial 1. Which hallmark chordate characteristic( ly in younger animals and secretes hormones the immune response. The do you see in the rat? is bilobed and located on both sides cf the neck post anal tal nerve Drsal no (Figure 5) Behind the glands and muscles you will tind the trachea, or windpipe. The trachea is lined with rings of cartilage. The rings of keep the trachea from as a food Chord passes down the esophagus that lies dorsal to the trachea. 2. Which of these are not found in adult hu- VISCERA OF THE THORAX mans? have 5. Folow the trachea to where it branches into the two bronchi, one leading to each lung. Look at the poston of the lungs in the body cavity. Notice by a thin layer of tis- that the heart is Cectan), and humans have sue cated the pericardium. Remove the per- cardium, and identify the atria and ventricles. continue the dissection 6. If your instructor wants to next week, close the body cavites of your rat and place the animal in a plastic bag Seal the bag and label it with your intals and lab period, so that you can easily find it next time (Proceed with Where are the rat\'s sensory structures locat- Step 7 before you leave class. ed? What fundamental eolutionary tion does this illustrate 7, when your gloves are off and your lab bench is to listen to your part. clean, use a stethoscope i far, Paw, and ner\'s breathing sounds. As the diaphragm con tracts, the lungs expand and air moves into them. Listen to each lobe of your partner\'s lungs. 4 Why is it an advantage for the epiglottis to fit over the trachea? FoURE 5 Neck Viscera Solution 3. Where are the rat’s sensory structures located? What fundamental evolutionary innovation does this illustrates? Answer: The rat’s sensory structures are located between the ribs and the top of the hips. Examples of these are feet, eyes, nose/ whiskers, and ears. Like humans,the rats are vertebrate mammals. In many aspects of its structural organization are common with humans. Thus, they have many similarities and these similarities of structures among related organisms shows evidence of common ancestry..