this presentation is all about asthma in brief. it talks about signs and symptoms, causes, and one of medications of asthma which is salbutamol. it is helpful for all of you who wants to know something about this medical conditions ASTHMA.

1. ASTHMA
Done on 27th February 2015

2. What is ASTHMA?
• It is a chronic respiratory disease that makes
breathing difficult.
• it is thought to be genetic.
• Mostly it attacks young people.
• It could be acute or chronic.

3. Symptoms of ASTHMA
• Three main symptoms
Coughing
Wheezing
Shortness of breath

4. What causes the three symptoms?
Constriction of bronchial smooth muscles.
Edema of mucosa lining the small bronchi.
Inflammation bronchial cell.
Over production of mucus in the airway.

5. What aggravate the ASTHMA crisis?
• Non nutritional triggers:
Cold whether
Smoke
Pollens and dust
Pollution
Cockroach droppings

6. Cont’
• Food allergens:
Fish
Soy
Eggs
Groundnuts( peanuts)

7. Cont’
• Conditions triggers:
o Respiratory infections
o Stress
o Strong emotions
o Exercise

8. Medications for ASTHMA
• The aim of asthma medications is to:
Reduce bronchial smooth muscle contraction
reduce the airway inflammation
Reduce mucus secretion bronchial cells

9. Classes of medications
• Bronchodilators:
Salbutamol
Terbutaline
Salmeterol
Aminophilline
• Anti-inflammatory drugs:
 Beclomethasone
 hydrocortisone
 prednisolone

10. What is Salbutamol or albuterol?
It is a beta 2 adreno -receptor agonist.
It is a bronchodilator used in conditions of
ASTHMA and COPD and other airway
problems.
 it is in the following forms:
 tablet form, syrup form, inhaler preparations,
injection form.

11. Mechanism of action
• Salbutamol stimulates β2 adrenergic
receptors, this leads to activation of adenyl
cyclase to form cyclic AMP, and this relaxes
smooth muscles.
• Release of cyclic AMP prevents other
bronchoconstrictors mediators like histamine.

12. dosages
• Oral form
Adult: 2 to 4 mg TDS
Child: 1 to 2 mg TDS
• Inhaler formulations: take it an need basis
Salbutamol metered dose inhaler (MDI): 1 to 2 puffs (100
to 200 micrograms)
Salbutamol dry powder inhaler( DPI): 1to2 capsules (200
to 400 micrograms).
• Injection form: 5to10 ml ( each ml contains 50
micrograms) of Salbutamol is used IM or IV in severe
attack.

13. Indications
 Salbutamol could be used as treatment and
prophylaxis.
• Asthma
• COPD
• Chronic bronchitis
• Prophylaxis for exercise- induced
bronchospasm
• Other known bronchospasm conditions.

14. Other uses
It is also used in delaying premature labor by
relaxing uterine smooth muscle.
It is used to treat hyperkalemia by stimulating
k+ release out the cell.

15. Contra-indications
 Hypersensitivity to Salbutamol (like urticaria,
rash)
 Do not use it for a person with past
tachyarrhythmia

16. What are its side effects?
Tremor
Anxiety
Headache
Increase of heart rate
Dry mouth
palpitation

17. ANY QUESTION?

18. Review questions
• Q1. what are the main symptoms that can help you to
confirm ASTHMA?
1. …....................................................................
2. …………………………………………………………………….
3. …………………………………………………………………….
• Q2. list at least 4 adverse effects and 2
contraindications of Salbutamol?
• Q3. an adolescent came to REMERA health center
with a chief complain of shortness of breath and
tightness of the chest. The physician confirmed an
ASTHMA attack. Prescribe Salbutamol medication to
that adolescent.

19. References
• Caruso JF, Signorile JF, Perry AC et al.
(November 1995). "The effects of albuterol
and isokinetic exercise on the quadriceps
muscle.
• Martineau, L; Horan, MA; Rothwell, NJ; Little,
RA (November 1992). "Salbutamol, a beta 2-
adrenoceptor agonist, increases skeletal
muscle strength in young men"