psychological testing , definition, techniques and apllication

1. Psychological Testing
Presented by:
Rahul Singh Gusain
MSc nursing Ist year

2. Introduction
• Human psychology can be studied by all the components of
personality like attitude, attention , learning and so on.
• But to understand people we should have some parameters to judge.
• Psychological tests are available that help us to do quantify the data.

3. Definition
“A psychological test is a structured technique used to generate a
carefully selected sample of behavior in order to make influences about
the psychological attributes of the people who have been tested.”

4. Classification of psychological tests
No. of
Individual
involved
Form of test
involved
Structuredness
of test
Function of
test

5. No. of individual involved
Individual test
• Individual test at a time.
• Eg :- Counsellor takes history of a student nurse having adjustment
problem in the hostel.
Group test
• Group test at a time.
• Eg :- nurse researcher assess the attitude of Bsc (N) Ist year students
forwards nursing profession. Here group of students are involved.

6. Form of tests involved
Verbal test
• Test is used when people are communicating to
each other with language.
• Tasks to be administered to individual which is
performed by test (who is asking)values from
simple manipulation to abstract thinking.

7. Contd..
Non- verbal test
• Performance test and motor in character which is
performed by an individual.
• Useful for individual with language difficulty , illustrates,
handicapped in nature and younger children
• Eg:-building blocks or cube construction, picture
completion

8. Structuredness of the test
• Include predetermined set
responses /attributes for the
question to be asked.
• Choice based question answers,
just like MCQ
Structured
test

9. Contd..
Non structured /unstructured tests
Individual free to choose response
Open ended answers
Answers further divided into:
Disguised test:- psychological
interprets the test, in a way other than
that of the way subject assumed it
would be when responding to it.
Non disguised :- Both experimenter
and subject have some understanding
of the purpose of a test.

10. Contd..
Non- structured tests can be
•Structured non-disguised
•Structured disguised
•Non-structured non-disguised
•Non-structure disguised

11. Function of the test
Intelligence tests:- measure
mainly capacities for learning
and problems solving &
abilities to cope with general
intellectual problems.
Aptitude tests:-measures
more specialized abilities in
special occupations and
activities.
Personality tests: designed to
reveal some of these
characteristics such as
thinking , feeling or behaving,.

12. Principles
Reliability
• Internal self consistency of the test.
• Consistent of the result when test is
administered multiple times on same
sample.
• E.g :- weighing scale would show same
reading on successive occasions
Validity
• Indicates truth and extent to which
test measures what it intends to
measure when compared with some
outside criterion.

13. Psychological tests in use
• Binet –Simon/ intelligence quotient test
• Termans Stanford Binet testIntelligence tests
Consisting of questions and short tasks
arranged from easy to difficult the
Stanford – Binet scale measures a wide
variety of verbal and non verbal skills.

14. Binet Scale of human Intelligence

15. Wechsler Adult intelligence scale
Verbal scale
• Picture completion
• Block design
• Picture management
• Object assembly
• Test of general information
• Test of arithmetic reasoning
Performance scale

17. Aptitude tests
1. General aptitude test (GAT)
2. Differential aptitude test (DAT)
Verbal reasoning
Numerical ability
Abstract reasoning

18. Contd..
Mechanical reasoning
Space relations
Language usage
• Language usage I-spelling
• Language usage II- Grammer

19. Personality test
a) Observation:- situations artificially created in which an individual is
expected to perform acts related to personality traits under testing.
Eg :- To test persons personality traits like honesty and obedience,
artificial situations were created , how a person is response to
situation.
a) Situational test

20. Contd..
c) Interview technique
•Structured & unstructured
•Planned and unplanned
d) Personality inventory
•Minnesota multiphasic personality Inventory (MMPI)

21. Minnesota multiphasic personality Inventory
(MMPI)
• Most commonly used test.
• Test asks for answers of “true”, ‘false’ or ‘cannot say’ to 567
statements (one for common ) about for different personality traits.
• Used by mental health professional to assess and diagnose mental
illness.
• Used in legal cases including criminal defense and custody disputes.

22. Projective technique
Pictorial
device
Thematic
apperception
test (TAT)
Child
apperception
test (CAT)

23. TAT (Thematic apperception test )
TAT taps a subject unconscious
to reveal repressed aspects of
personality ,motives and needs
for achievement power &
intimacy problem solving
abilities.
• What has led up to the event shown?
• What is happening at the moment?
• What the characteristics are feeling and thinking?
• What the outcomes of the story was?
Subject asked to tell as story as
they can for each picture
presented, including the
following:-

25. CAT(Child apperception test )
Used for children between 3 to10 years.
Consist of 10 cards of animals instead of human character.
Animals are shown in various life situations

26. RORSCHACH INKBLOT TEST
• Developed by Harneons Rorschach.
• Consist of 10 cards of ink blots. Five of them are in black and white
and rest are multicolored.
• Ink blots are completely unstructured and do not have any specific
meaning.
• Subject is asked to identify the picture and how it look like etc.
• Then second stage follows to seek clarification.

28. VERBAL PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUES
• Present subjects with an ambiguous verbal stimuli rather than a
pictorial one. There are two classes of verbal methods:-
a) Word association technique
b) Sentence completion technique
Expressive method
Technique encourage self expression through the construction of
some product out of raw materials.
Eg :- drawing and painting and role playing.

29. VIGNETTES
Brief description of an event or situation to which respondents
are asked to react.
Vignettes are asked with questionnaire or interview schedules to
assess respondents hypothetical behavior opinion and
perception or knowledge about some phenomenon under study.

30. ROLE OF NURSE
Nurse can assess the
mental functioning or
capacity among patient
as intelligence test.
Good rapport with
patient
Should reassure the
safety of the test and
confendentiality.
Nursing care plan
Can arrange suitable
educational program by
considering varied
individual differences.

31. Contd..
Able to recognize
behavior by
psychological tests
Can asses the
individual differences
by the help of
psychological tests
Can assess the
problematic behavior
and its cause .
Guidance to child and
then parents to
develop realistic
expectations.

32. SUMMARY

33. CONCLUSIONS
Psychological testing is the comprehensive testing to evaluate the
selected sample of behavior which explains the attributes of
personality & human behavior

34. Bibliography
• Amanpreet kaur ,textbook of psychology peeve page -251-256
• R.sreevani A guide to mental health & psychiatric nursing Jaypee 78-
79
• I.clement psychology for post basic B.sc nursing Jaypee -420-424
Internet
www.sagepub.com>upm>binaries
www.esou.edu>topic01-intro