All of them please,
Suppose that you compare rates of molecular evolution in a lineage comprised of both sexual and
asexual species. Which of the following would you interpret as the most consistent with mutational
hypotheses that attempt to explain why sexual reproduction is favored over asexual reproduction?
A.
dN/dS = 1.00 in sexual species, dN/dS = 1.50 in asexual species
B.
dN/dS = 1.50 in sexual species, dN/dS = 1.00 in asexual species
C.
dN/dS = 1.00 in sexual species, dN/dS = 0.50 in asexual species
D.
dN/dS = 0.50 in sexual species, dN/dS = 1.50 in asexual species
E.
dN/dS = 0.10 in sexual species, dN/dS = 0.50 in asexual species
Which statement about sexual conflict is true?
A.
Sexual conflict occurs because females and males have different optima for the frequency and
duration of mating
B.
Sexual conflict occurs because males are in direct competition with females over fitness
C.
Traits that increase fitness in one sex will not evolve if they reduce fitness in the other sex
D.
Sexual conflict is the primary basis for the two-fold cost of sex
E.
All of the above are true
For the house finch population in the previous question, you next measure plumage brightness in
the offspring that were produced in Episode 2 and find that the mean plumage brightness of the
offspring has increased by 0.1 SD relative to the original mean plumage brightness of their parents
prior to Episode 1. Based on this observation, which of the following is true?
A.
The slope of the parent-offspring regression for plumage brightness is 0.1
B.
Half of the variance in plumage brightness is due to additive genetic effects
C.
Half of the variance in plumage brightness is due to dominance, epistasis, or the environment
D.
Narrow-sense heritability for plumage brightness is 0.2
E.
All of the above are true
Which of the following statements is true?
A.
the evolution of antibiotic resistance occurs so rapidly that the bacteria infecting a patient can
evolve resistance to antibiotics during the time the individual patient is being treated
B.
passaging a strain of Salmonella through mice ten times will result in the rapid evolution of a mild
bacterial strain that is less virulent for the mouse host because the host adapts to the bacteria
C.
high population densities of a host make it easier for pathogens to be transmitted, but this is
beneficial for the host because high transmission selects for lower levels of pathogen virulence
D.
bacterial diseases are particularly dangerous because, once bacteria have evolved resistance to
an antibiotic, they will remain resistant even when that antibiotic is no longer in use
E.
all of the above are true.
All of them please Suppose that you compare rates of molecu.pdf
1. All of them please,
Suppose that you compare rates of molecular evolution in a lineage comprised of both sexual and
asexual species. Which of the following would you interpret as the most consistent with mutational
hypotheses that attempt to explain why sexual reproduction is favored over asexual reproduction?
A.
dN/dS = 1.00 in sexual species, dN/dS = 1.50 in asexual species
B.
dN/dS = 1.50 in sexual species, dN/dS = 1.00 in asexual species
C.
dN/dS = 1.00 in sexual species, dN/dS = 0.50 in asexual species
D.
dN/dS = 0.50 in sexual species, dN/dS = 1.50 in asexual species
E.
dN/dS = 0.10 in sexual species, dN/dS = 0.50 in asexual species
Which statement about sexual conflict is true?
A.
Sexual conflict occurs because females and males have different optima for the frequency and
duration of mating
B.
Sexual conflict occurs because males are in direct competition with females over fitness
C.
Traits that increase fitness in one sex will not evolve if they reduce fitness in the other sex
D.
Sexual conflict is the primary basis for the two-fold cost of sex
E.
All of the above are true
For the house finch population in the previous question, you next measure plumage brightness in
the offspring that were produced in Episode 2 and find that the mean plumage brightness of the
offspring has increased by 0.1 SD relative to the original mean plumage brightness of their parents
prior to Episode 1. Based on this observation, which of the following is true?
A.
The slope of the parent-offspring regression for plumage brightness is 0.1
B.
Half of the variance in plumage brightness is due to additive genetic effects
C.
Half of the variance in plumage brightness is due to dominance, epistasis, or the environment
D.
Narrow-sense heritability for plumage brightness is 0.2
E.
All of the above are true
Which of the following statements is true?
A.
2. the evolution of antibiotic resistance occurs so rapidly that the bacteria infecting a patient can
evolve resistance to antibiotics during the time the individual patient is being treated
B.
passaging a strain of Salmonella through mice ten times will result in the rapid evolution of a mild
bacterial strain that is less virulent for the mouse host because the host adapts to the bacteria
C.
high population densities of a host make it easier for pathogens to be transmitted, but this is
beneficial for the host because high transmission selects for lower levels of pathogen virulence
D.
bacterial diseases are particularly dangerous because, once bacteria have evolved resistance to
an antibiotic, they will remain resistant even when that antibiotic is no longer in use
E.
all of the above are true
