2.
The Organ of hearing consisting of the
external ear, middle ear, and internal ear.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
3.
Helix
The outer rim of the ear has the general shape of
a question mark. It begins superior to the lobe
and ends by attaching to the cheek
Scapha
The fossa between the inner and outer rims of
the ear. It is the shallowest depression of the
ear.
Antihelix
The inner rim of the ear. It starts at the superior
border of the lobe and continues upward until it
ends by becoming the crura. It forms the
superior -and posterior walls of the concha.
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4.
Crura
The superior and anterior bifurcating branches
of the antihelix
Triangular Fossa
Depression between the crura. The second
deepest depression of the ear.
Concha
Concave shell of the ear; the deepest depression
of the ear located posterior and superior to the
ear passage
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5.
Tragus
An elevation protecting the ear passage. Arises
from the posterior margin of the lateral cheek.
Antitragus
A small eminence obliquely opposite the tragus.
Located on the superior border of the lobe of the
ear.
Intertragic Notch
A notch or opening between the tragus and the
antitragus of the ear
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6.
Lobe
The inferior fatty 1/3 of the ear; most inferior
part of the ear. Attaches to the cheek
Crus
The origin of the helix that is flattened and ends
in the concha.
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7.
The prominent organ of smell located in the
center or middle 1/3 of the face. It is the
beginning of the respiratory tract and is
triangular or pyramidal in shape.
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8.
Leptorrhine
A classification given to a nose that is long,
narrow, and high bridged – common to
individuals of Western European descent.
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9.
Platyrrhine
A classification that is given to a nose that it
short, broad, and has a minimum of projection;
common to individuals of African descent.
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10.
Mesorrhine
A classification given to a nose that is medium
broad and medium low bridged; predominant
among people of Asian descent.
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12.
Convex
Roman, Aquiline, or hooked. Curved, as the beak
of an eagle, a nose that has a hook as seen from a
profile; may exhibit a hump in the bridge.
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13.
Concave
Snub, pug, infantine, or retrousse. Characterized
by a dip in the bridge and turned up at the end.
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14.
Nasal Bones
The paired nasal bones are inferior to the
glabella, forming a dome over the superior
portion of the nasal cavity
Nasal Cavity
The orifice in the bony face bounded by the
margins of the nasal bones and the maxilla.
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15.
Nasal Spine of the Maxilla
The sharp, bony projection located medially at
the inferior margin of the nasal cavity. This
indicates the bony length of the nose.
Major Cartilages
Septum and superior lateral cartilages
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16.
Dorsum
The anterior protruding ridge of the nose
extending from root to tip. It includes the bridge.
Root
The apex (top) of the pyramidal mass of the
nose, which lies directly inferior to the forehead.
The concave dip inferior to the forehead.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
17.
Bridge
Dome over the nasal cavity. Point of greatest
projection. The arched portion of the nose
supported by the nasal bones.
Wings
Lateral Lobes of the nose. The widest part of the
nose bordered by the nasal sulcus and anterior
nares.
Columna Nasi
The fleshy termination of the nasal septum at
the base of the nose located between the
nostrils. The most inferior part of the nose.
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18.
Anterior Nares
External nostril openings.
Sides of the Nose
Lateral walls of the nose located between the
wings of the nose and bridge. They recede
laterally from the dorsum.
Protruding lobe of the nose
The rounded anterior projection of the tip of the
nose.
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19.
Distortion
A state of being twisted or pushed out of natural
shape or position.
A nose can be distorted by cancer, superficial
pressure, or by fractures.
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20.
Cancer in one cheek can pull the nose to the
opposite side due to natural tension of
muscles.
Treatment
Correct with sutures to pull back into place.
Temporary suture to hold in place while
embalming, excise tumor, remove temporary
sutures then suture permanently into place.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
21. May occur if deceased was in a prone position,
result of embalming improperly, or the result of
some type of facial covering.
Treatment
Mortuary Putty, non-absorbent cotton, or other
packing material inserted into the nares.
For minor distortion, light massage or pressure
against the distorted side during embalming
may be sufficient.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
22.
Treatment
If skin intact, fractured nasal bones may be
externally manipulated back into position.
Nasal cavity is then packed with putty, nonabsorbent cotton, or other packing material.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
23.
This may be result of a tube or other medical
device that was in the nares for an extended
period of time.
Treatment
Tissue must be clean, firm, and dry.
Necrotic Tissue excised
Wax may be used for this restoration.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
24.
The Cavity in which mastication takes place.
It is the beginning of the alimentary canal.
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25.
Maxillary
The superior jaw protrudes
Mandibular
The inferior jaw protrudes
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Example of Maxillary
Prognathism
26.
Dental
Oblique insertion of the teeth; front teeth
protrude
Alveolar
Sockets of the teeth are inclined.
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27.
Contact family to determine if they wish to
show or not show the teeth
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
28.
Clean visible teeth. Use an abrasive
toothpaste or something like Comet/Borax
Dry teeth well
You may wish to paint the teeth with a clear
nail polish
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29.
Mouth is closed using normal methods in a
non-visible location.
Use an adhesive for any areas of the mouth
that need to be closed.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
30.
Close the mouth using normal methods.
Treating the lips to bring them close
together is done prior to arterial injection
Cover area in Massage Cream
before/during/after embalming to prevent
dehydration
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
31.
You may need to use a mouth former to
assist you.
You may also use very coarse sandpaper cut into
proper shape
Both lips can be stretched and then sutured
closed.
You may need to cut the upper and lower
frenulum.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
32.
Sutures can be made along the margin of the
weather line. Use soft wax to hide along line
of closure.
Wet cotton slings can be used during
embalming to help keep lips closed.
Some embalmers use straight pins but this is
not recommended by your instructor
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
33.
Dislocate the lower jaw. This is not
recommended by your instructor. If you
elect this, get permission in WRITING.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
34.
Remove teeth. Get this in writing. Hire the
proper person to extract the teeth (Dentist)
or have a family member do it. FD/EMBs are
not qualified for teeth extraction.
Lips will need to be clean, dry, and free of
massage cream when using any adhesive.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
35.
Superior Integumentary Lip
The area between the base of the nose and the
superior margin of the superior mucous
membrane.
Inferior Integumentary Lip
That area between the inferior margin of the
inferior mucous membrane and the mental
eminence.
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36.
Mucous Membrane
The visible red surfaces of the lips; the lining of
the membrane of body cavities that open to the
exterior.
Superior Mucous Membrane (Upper lip)
The upper margin has the shape of the classic
hunting bow. The medial lobe is found in the
center of the membrane. Narrows laterally as it
disappears before reaching the end of the line of
closure. Contains two high peaks slightly off
center on either side of the dipping curve.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
37.
Inferior Mucous Membrane (Lower Lip)
Is thicker than the superior mucous membrane.
Lies posterior to the upper mucous membrane.
Weather Line
The line of color change at the junction of the
wet and dry portions of the mucous membranes.
The area where adhesive is applied to keep the
lips closed.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
38.
Medial Lobe
The tiny prominence on the midline of the
superior mucous membrane.
Lines of Closure
The line that forms between the two mucous
membranes when the mouth is closed and the
lips come in contact with each other. Usually
located at the lower border of the upper teeth.
Has the shape of a classic hunting bow.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
39.
Expression changes after embalming
You may need to make a change because of
something you are not satisfied with or the
family may request you to make a change.
This is usually something incorrect with the
eyes, nose mouth, or cosmetics.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
40.
Subtract or add filling material
Loosen or tighten injector needles.
If too tight wrinkles will form on upper
integumentary lip.
If too loose there may be a frown like
appearance.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
41.
Inject Tissue Building into the angulus oris
eminences or the nasolabial folds.
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42.
To make the mouth look shorter due to
overstretching by articulation, gravity, or
loss of muscle firmness
Ends of mouth closure are same level as center
of eye
Fill in line of closure with wax
Use cosmetic to hide wax
Lip coloring may also be applied
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
43.
Lip cosmetic may be applied to make the
mucous membranes appear fuller or
narrower
If they are not as full, use tissue builder via
hypodermic injection
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
44.
Change lip color or the amount of color that
is used, this may be the only problem.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
45.
Close mouth using normal methods. Be
careful about ensuring proper alignment –
not too tight or too loose.
Recreate natural form of mouth using
cotton, mastic, or mouth former.
The mouth former may be placed on top of the
wax, cotton, or mastic.
Lips are then sealed shut with an adhesive
behind the weather line.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
46. Ensure lips are dry
Apply adhesive behind weather line
Allow a few moments for adhesive to dry
Bring lips together and hold for a few moments,
then release.
Use solvent for any visible excess
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47.
The organ of vision, which occupies the
anterior part of the orbital cavity.
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48.
Superior Palpebrae (upper eyelid)
The upper lid is wider than the lower lid.
Vertically it is nearly three times as large as the
lower lid. When naturally closed, it covers the
cornea. The lower margin is what forms the line
of eye closure. The point of greatest projection
for the closed eye is just off center medially.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
49.
Inferior Palpebrae (lower eyelid)
The lower lid is narrowed and thinner than the
upper lid. It follows the eyeball and inclines
from the line of closure. The upper lid overlaps
the lower lid at the lateral end of the lower lid.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
50.
Line of eye closure
The line that forms between the two eyelids
when they are closed, and which marks their
place of contact with each other. Occurs in the
lower third of the eye socket as a dipping curve.
The upper lid covers two thirds and the lower
lid, one third. The lateral end is inferior and
posterior to the medial end. The two lids abut
when they close but do not overlap.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
51.
Nasal Orbital Fossa
A triangular concave depression superior to the
medial portion of the superior palpebrae.
Superior Orbital Area
Region between the supercilium and the
superior palpebrae. Composed of muscle and
fat, and it is deepest near the root of the nose.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
52.
Inner Canthus
Small Elevation extending medially and
obliquely from the medial corner of the superior
palpebrae. There are no eyelashes here.
Cilia
Eyelashes – the fringe of hair edging the eyelids.
Irregular in length and spacing with cilia at the
end of the line of eye closure. The cilia on the
upper lid turn up and on the lower lid turn
down.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
53.
Supercilium
Eyebrows – hair that grows up and outward and
is unequal in length. It is denser near the
glabella.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
54.
Sunken Eyes
Inject Tissue Builder into the fatty tissue located
beneath the eyeball in the eye socket.
Some embalmers inject mortuary putty instead
of tissue builder.
Some embalmers will place cotton or wax under
an eye cap to raise the level of the eye
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
55.
Discolored Lids
Black eyes are also known as Ecchymosis
Same treatment for any discoloration on the
face
Apply a bleaching compress externally
Inject bleaching agent hypodermically with
smallest needle possible
Attempt to cover with opaque cosmetic
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
56.
Wrinkled Eyelids
Cover entire eyelid with wax and reproduce
markings
Excise part of the eyelid with wrinkles and
reproduce with wax
Massage eyelid with massage cream and electric
spatula
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
57.
Protruding Eyes
If eye is swollen, apply digital pressure and/or
cotton and water compress
If caused by gas or fluid in the cranial cavity
Insert trocar into one of the nares
Forced through cribiform plate
Aspirate cranial cavity
Cavity fluid is injected
Cotton with cavity fluid is used to seal the trocar
opening and nares
You may also use wax/mastic instead of cotton to seal
hole.
If necessary, surgically extract the eyeball.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
58.
Lacerated Eyelids
Apply Massage cream to laceration and
surrounding area.
Inject arterial solution normally
After embalming dry lacerations and glue closed
Apply wax, if necessary
Radical Treatment: Excise eyelid and recreate in
wax.
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
59.
Separated Eyelid
Use an eye cap – remove any cotton or wax that
may be in the eye cavity unless you were
recreating an eye.
Glue lid in proper position
Stretch eyelid using aneurysm hooks or forceps
Excise levator palpebrae superioris muscle
Excise entire eyelid and recreate out of wax
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro
60.
Swollen Orbital Pouch
Also known as “bags under the eyes”
Apply direct digital pressure and/or cotton
compress
Apply compress during arterial injection
Apply massage cream and massage with electric
spatula
Aspirate with hypodermic needle. Seal opening
with super glue
(C) 2012 - Professor Joseph Finocchiaro