This presentation was done in June 2014 by one of our participants in ICST and ICBELSH conferences.

1. Presented by
Miss Nattaya Laisua
Modeling and Simulation of Palladium-ion
Extraction via Hollow Fiber Supported
Liquid Membrane
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
Chulalongkorn University

2. Palladium is a precious metal.
Flexible printed circuit board industry rapidly grows at this moment
A hollow fiber supported liquid membrane has been applied
to separate precious compounds at a very low concentration
Introduction

3. https://www.google.co.th/search?q=palladium&source=lnms&tbm
Introduction
Fig.1. Demand of palladium in various industry .

4. The advantages of HFSLM
1. Simultaneous extraction and stripping of very low-
concentration.
2. High selectivity.
3. Low energy consumption.
4. Lower capital cost.
5. Lower operating cost.

5. The Objectives of this research
1. To determine the mathematical models of extraction
of HFSLM for palladium extraction.
2. To study the effect of parameter to palladium ions.
3. To compare the experimental data with the model
prediction.

6. Fig.2. Flow pattern in hollow fiber supported liquid membrane.
The hollow fiber supported liquid membrane
(HFSLM)

7. Transport of palladium ions via the liquid
membrane phase
Fig.3. Transport of palladium ions in the HFSLM
system.
2
4 22 4 2extractionk
PdCl HR PdR Cl H  
   
2
2 44 2 2strippingk
PdR Cl H PdCl HR  
   
2 2
,
( ) ( , )j m
exPd Pd f
r k C x t m 
2 2
,
( ) ( , )j m
exPd Pd f
r k C x t m 
(1)
(2)
(3)

8. Fig.4. Diagram of a single HFSLM with counter-current
circulating flow patterns of feed and stripping solutions.
Modeling of palladium-ion extraction
for the recycling mode operation
The parameters of feed solution
• Feed solution (PdCl4)2- 300 ppm.
• Concentration of the extractant
solution (LIX84-I, 0.06 M)
• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used as
a stripping solution.
• Flow rate (100 dm3/min)
• One separation cycle was 40 min.
• pH = 3

9. The transports of palladium ions through the small
segments in the feed phase
Fig. 5. Transport of palladium ions through small segment in feed phase.
   ,
, , 1
1, , , 1, , , ,j
z f
c f f c fj j j j j j
z f z f z f z f c f z f z fC
A D xA
qC qC C C xA r C C
x t

 

      
 
(5)
[Rate of mass into the system by convection] - [Rate of mass out of the system
by convection] + [Rate of mass through the system by diffusion] - [Rate of mass
extracted by extraction reaction] = [Rate of mass accumulation within the system] (4)

10. Validity of the mathematical model
0, ,
0,
% 100
j j
f z f
j
f
C C
Extraction
C

  (6)
1
% 100
j j
Expt Theoi
j
Expt
C C
C
Deviation
i
 
   
   (7)
When, concentration of palladium ions at z=0
concentration of palladium ions at segment z
0,
j
fC
,
j
z fC

11. Results and discussion
Fig.6. Extraction of palladium ions against concentration
of the extraction.
 The concentration of LIX84-I
increases the percentage of
palladium ions increase.
 The optimum concentration of
extractant is 0.06 M.

12.  The maximum extraction
of 0.1 dm3/min was the
percentage of extraction of
palladium ions was 96.08%.
Results and discussions
Fig.7.Extraction of palladium ions against flow rate of feed
solution.

13.  The extraction result showed
that proposed fluid-flow model
have high accuracy as the
calculated values was in line with
the experimental result at the
deviation of about 4.69%
Results and discussion
Fig. 8. Concentration of palladium ions against
time of the extraction .

14. The percentage of palladium
ion in feed solution of about
96.08 %.
Results and discussion
Fig. 9. Percentage of palladium ions against time of the
extraction .

15. Conclusion
 The models based on the principle of material balances and
validated against the experiment data can provide good
prediction of the final concentration of the extraction.
 The average percentage deviation of 4.69%.
 The simulation results show that the highest palladium ions
extraction of about 96.08%.