This was given as a part of the course of Research & Evidence-Based Medicine given to fourth-year medical students (2018)

2. Outline
• What this workshop is and is not?
• Why this orientation important?
• Overview on the Knowledge Management Cycle
(KMC)
• Overview on the research planning and
implementation cycle
• How this course is expected to help?
• How can you help with the course?

3. Is
An orientation
about the
RM/EBHC Course
What students will
learn? how
How you can help
in the course (if
needed)?
NOT
Workshop on
research methods
Workshop on EBM
To teach you the
course content

4. Where are we in R&D?
Source: http://www.worldmapper.org/display.php?selected=165

5. Where are we in R&D?
Expenditure on R&D as
% of GDP (2013):[1]
– Arab world: 0.5%
– China (2%),
– EU (2.3%),
– USA (2.8%),
– Israel (4%)
Number of researchers (per
1,000,000 population) [2]
• Morocco : 864
• Argentina: 1,236
• Malaysia: 1,643
• Slovenia: 4,255
• Israel: 6,494
Published scientific papers (1996 -2013):[3]
Egypt (42nd): 104,784 Brazil: 529,841
Israel: 247,561 India: 868,719
Turkey: 348,836 USA: 7,846,972

6. Why this orientation important?
• We need to know who is doing what?
• Refresher of our previous knowledge on research
methods and EBM
• To help you decide if you want to join, how and
when?

7. Knowledge Management Cycle (KMC)

8. Research in Context...the KMC
Generation
Dissemination
Synthesis
Utilization
Assessment
Statistics

9. “Good” research: Good Science & Good Ethics
“Good” Evidence: near-top to hierarchy of
Evidence
Evidence-Based Healthcare: Better
practice that is based on best evidence
Better health status
Better Research is Better Health

10. What Makes Good Research?
Good
Science
Good Ethics
•Problem selection
•SMART objectives
•Proper methodology
•Proper analysis
•Fair subject selection
•Favorable Risk-Benefit Ratio
•Independent Review
•Informed Consent

11. Criteria of “Good” Science Research
• Systematic: The research developed,
implemented and reported in a systematic
manner.
• Methodological: Adopt & use skillfully the
research methods, materials, approaches in
order to ensure reliability of the results &
findings.
• Scientific: The research should be scientifically
sound through utilizing scientific approaches,
tools and techniques.

12. Criteria for Good Ethics:
What Makes Research Ethical?
1. Social or Scientific Value
2. Scientific Validity
3. Fair Subject Selection
4. Favorable Risk-Benefit Ratio
5. Independent Review
6. Informed Consent
7. Respect for the potential and enrolled subjects

13. Research planning and
implementation cycle
Planning
Conducting
Data
Management
ReportingDissemination
Evidence
synthesis
New research
questions

14. Course structure
Phase
Topic
Phase
Topic
Planning
1. Components of Research
Cycle
2. Classification and taxonomy
of health research
3. Setting research questions
& objectives
4. Review of literature
5. Proposal writing
6. Grant writing (and hunting)
7. Research ethics (revision)
Datamanagement
1. Data editing and cleaning
2. Data analysis (quantitative)
3. Data analysis (qualitative)
4. Data reporting and (re)presentation
Dissemination
1. Principles of academic writing
2. Report writing
3. Manuscript preparation and
4. Submission for publication
5. Conference presentations & posters
6. Publication ethics
Conduct
1. Study designs
2. Data collection tools (types
and Designing)
3. Participants’ selection
4. Data collection techniques

15. Course structure
Phase Topic
Evidence
synthesis
1. Principles of EBM (5As)
2. Hierarchy of evidence
3. EBM databases (EMBase, Cochrane)
4. Critical appraisal
5. Meta-analysis
6. Knowledge Translation (and Knowledge brokering)
Evidence
utilization
1. Evidence-based guidelines
2. Policy briefs
3. Evidence-informed policy

16. Learning and assessment strategies

17. Learning and assessment strategies
Theory
• Lectures
• Student-centered search
Skills
• Computer labs
• Library
Outcome
• Complete research plan/protocol/proposal
• Conference style session or poster presentation

18. How YOU can help?
Teach
• Teaching any topic of interest (Lectures)
• Deliver a practical session (Lab demonstration)
Mentor
• Give guidance to ONE group of students
• You need to meet them ONCE a month
Assess
• Help us as an ‘external’ assessor of the
submitted course requirements

19. ?