3. Letter from the Editor
Access Program Porto Alegre proudly presents its first
magazine with the goal of showing the lives and stories of
some women who have changed our lives for the better.
For the last months, we have dived into the lives of important
women all around the world and we have learned from their
achievements and their legacy. Thus, our magazine as a way
of honoring these amazing women who have changed our
world.
It has never been our intention to cover everything about
their lives. As a matter of fact, we just wanted to leave you
craving more information about such wonderful people. So,
feel free to extend your sight beyond our magazine and learn
as much as you want about them. Enjoy!
Porto Alegre – July – 2017.
5. Table of Content
• Name Page
• Ada Lovelace 46
• Alice Guy-Blaché 55
• Althea Gibson 56
• Amelia Earhart 17
• Aretha Franklin 53
• Audrey Hepburn 22
• Camille Claudel 15
• Chiquinha Gonzaga 8
• Clarice Lispector 28
• Coco Chanel 26
• Cora Coralina 12
• Dorothy Vaughan 25
• Edith Wharton 14
• Elizabeth Bishop 16
• Emily Dickinson 24
• Florence Nightingale 48
• Frida Kahlo 9
• Gertrude Ederle 37
• Gertrude Stein 52
• Gloria Maria 38
• Hannah Arendt 51
• Hedy Lamarr 18
• Indira Ghandi 30
• Irmã Dulce 45
• Jane Austen 49
• Joana D’Arc 40
• Katherine Johnson 25
• Lina Bo Bardi 10
• Mother Teresa 31
• Malala Yousafzai 21
• Maria da Penha 50
• Marie Curie 32
• Mary Jackson 25
• Maria Esther Bueno 39
• Maria Quiteria de Jesus 36
• Margaret Thatcher 41
• Maya Angelou 54
• Nadia Comaneci 23
• Nina Simone 29
• Nise da Silveira 13
• Queen Elizabeth 42
• Rosa Parks 11
• Virginia Woolf 47
• Tarsila do Amaral 35
• Zilda Arns 27
6.
7. Carla´s class
• Alessandro C. B. de Alcantara and
Mariana Verran Reis - Chiquinha Gonzaga
• Ana Julia Simon Paz - Frida Kahlo
• Andrielle Pereira Gonçalves - Lina Bo Bardi
• Bernardo Santos Fanganito - Rosa Parks
• Dieimys Nekel Araujo - Cora Coralina
• Francielly Marques Andrade - Nise da SIlveira
• Guilherme de Castro Eberhardt - Edith Wharton
• Laura Silveira de Freitas - Camille Claudel
• Lucas Fagundes Rodrigues - Elizabeth Bishop
• Melanie Oliveira da Silva - Amelia Earhart
• Tainara de Avila da Silva - Hedy Lamarr
• Texts in this section were reviewed by Carla Albuquerque
8. Chiquinha
Gonzaga
ByAlessandro AlcantaraandMarianaReis
She was also very active in social movements such
as the abolition of slavery and the
proclamation of the Republic. And she also had
a leading position on the suffragist movement.
After her death, several things were done to honor
her, such as tv shows, movies, books and in
May 2012, was created National Day of
Brazilian Popular Music to be celebrated on
October, 17 (her birthday).
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Chiquinha when I Chiquinha when
she was 18 y.o. I when she was 78 y.o.
Hello everybody! Welcome to Journal Of History, today
we’re going to talk about an important Brazilian woman,
best known as Chiquinha Gonzaga, full name Francisca
Edwiges Neves Gonzaga.
She was an important artist, a musician, pianist,
songwriter and conductor. She was one of the first
musician to play “choro” on piano and the author of the
first carnival march, “O Abre Alas” (1899). She also
worked as a piano teacher.
She was born in October 17, 1847, in Rio de Janeiro, and
died in February, 28 of 1935, daughter of José Basileu
Gonzaga(An general of Army Imperial Brazilian) and Rosa
Maria Neves de Lima.
She initiated her carrer when she was 11 years old. She
was married three times and she suffered because of
prejudice against her art and her behavior. She wrote
and played several types of music on piano, including
choro, polka, samba, tango, waltzes, lundus, maxixes,
mazurkas, etc... She composed several songs, like
Cubanita, Atraente, among others... But, her most
famous song is “Abre Alas”. By the time of her death she
had written songs for 77 plays and she was the author of
around two thousand compostitions.
->
9.
10. Achilina Bo Bardi - Lina Bo Bardi
By Andrielle Pereira Gonçalves
Lina was born in Rome, Italy. And she died in
1992, in São Paulo. She was a modernist
architect, designer, publisher, scenographer and
illustrator. She graduated from Rome College of
Architecture and after working with famous
people there and also being involved in the
Italian Communist Party, she came to Brazil in
1946, married to Pietro Maria Bardi. A country
that embraced her and influenced her creative
thinking and that saw her talent flourish.
Her most famous works are: The Glass House,
Sesc Pompéia and MASP (São Paulo Museum of
Art), all in the city of São Paulo. But she also
worked with buildings in other places such as
Salvador (Solar do Unhão), Recife (Casa de
Cultura) and Uberlândia (Igreja do Espírito
Santo do Cerrado).
She was famous by her designs in jewelry and
furniture as well!
Pictures: The Glass House – MASP - Furniture
11. ROSA PARKS’ LIFE
BY BERNARDO FANGANITO
• Rosa Louise McCauley was born in Tuskgee,Alabama, south
of the United States. She was born on February 4, 1913 and
died on October 24, 2005, when she was 92 years old.
Better known as Rosa Parks, she was a seamstress who
became a symbol of the civil rights movement in the
United States.
She was awarded several times and placed in theWomen's Hall of Fame of the state of
Michigan for her achievements in the civil rights. She was the first person to receive the
International Freedom of ConductAward, granted by the National Center for Railway
Freedom Subterranean 1999, Congressional Gold Medal 2005, among others.After her death,
the American computer company Apple Inc. paid a tribute on their web site by publishing
her photo as a young woman on a bus.Above the photo, the company logo and the world
famous sloganThink Different and under the photo, the inscription Rosa Parks:1913 - 2005.
She became famous on December 1, 1955, by refusing to give her seat in
the colored section of the bus to a white person, after being asked by the
driver.This action was very important and started what later was known as
the Montgomery Bus Boycott. It was a political and social boycott that
lasted 381 days, in the city of Montgomery,Alabama, to oppose the policy
of racial segregation in the public transportation
12. Cora Coralina
(Anna Lins dos Guimarães Bretas)
by Dieimys Nekel Araujo
• Cora Coralina (Anna Lins dos Guimarães Peixoto Bretas) born in Goiás on
August 20, 1889 was a great poet, Brazilian short story writer and baker. Cora
Coralina had her first book published in June of 1965 (Poemas dos Becos de
Goiás e Estórias Mais), when she was 75, but began to write her first texts
when she was only 14 years old, publishing in newspapers. The fact that she
had taken only the first four grades at school did not prevent her poetry from
reaching a level of literary quality never reached before.
• It was on the 27th of December 1980 that Anna, already known as Cora
Coralina, got the attention and was admired all over Brazil. Although she did
not incorporate the feminist discourse, the way which she lived her life was
very feminist. She looked for answers in her daily life to understand the world
in which she was living in. This allowed her to discover that simplicity may be
the best way to reach spiritual wealth. She wrote with simplicity and her
artistic production prioritized the message instead of the form.
• Cora Coralina died in Goiânia, of pneumonia when she 95 years old, and her
house was transformed into a museum in honor of her life, history and literary
production.
13. She is among the first women in Brazil to
graduate in Medicine.
In 1946 she founded the "Section of
Occupational Therapy"
From 1926 to 1931 she
attended the Medical
School of Bahia, where she
was the only woman
among the 157 men in that
class
by Francielly Marques
Andrade
Prizes:
• Order of Rio Branco (1987)
• Prêmio Personality of the
Year 1992
• Medal Chico Mendes
(1993)
• National Order of
Educational Merit (1993)
14.
15. Camille Claudel
Born: December 8th, 1864 – Fère-em-Tordenois, Aisne, França
Died: October 19th, 1943 – Montdevergues, Voucluse, França
She was a sculptress and French graphic artist.
She was the older sister of Paul Claudel, poet and diplomat. She
was rejected by her mother for not being born a boy and envied
by her brothers for being talented, her works were ahead of her
time.
Camille studied at Académie Colarossi, one of the few places
open to female students. Some people classified her works as
being even more virile than works made by male artists and that
her sculpture had the signature that only the geniuses in their
areas possess.
When Camille’s father, who supported her financially, died, his
brother institutionalized her in a psychiatric hospital, even
though she had no psychological problems. Camille stayed there
for 30 years even the doctors claiming she could leave, but her
brother kept her there.
Camille died on October 19, 1943, after living 30 years in the
hospice of Montfavet in France. His brother could not attend her
funeral. Camille’s body was buried in the institution in a
common grave.
In The Mature Age, Camille sees her
brother as being a powerful influence
in her breakup with Rodin (an artist
with whom she had a relationship. He
gave Camille support to do her work.
She was a pupil and some people
even believe that some of his works
were, in fact, her works.) by Laura Freitas
16. Elizabeth Bishop
by Lucas Rodrigues
Elizabeth Bishop was born on February 8, 1911, in Worcester,
Massachusetts. She was a poet. She has won several awards such
as: Pulitzer Prize (1956), National Book Award
(1970), Newstadt Literary International (1976), National Book Critics
Circle Award (1976)
Elizabeth lost her parents early and she was raised by her father's
family. She lived in Canada, Boston, France, Brazil and again in the
United States.
She travelled a lot and in 1951, she took a ship to visit Brazil. While
here she tasted her first cashew and had a severe allergic
reaction. A trip planned to last three weeks lasted 15 years. Lota
was her hostess and took care of her, offering not only a place to
stay but her love and support. She worked a lot while living here,
translating poems from Portuguese to English and writing books not
only about poems, but also about Brazilian flora.
Lota was a landscape designer and architect. Her most ambitious
work was Flamengo Park (Aterro do Flamengo – RJ), which started
as an idea of preserving nature while building a park, although it´s
hard to find texts giving her credit for this work.
As their relationship came to an end, in late 1960s, Elizabeth
returned to the US, dying on October 6, 1979.
In 2013 a Brazilian film about her life called Reaching for the Moon
(Flores Raras) was released.
17. Amélia Earhart
by Melanie Silva
• Amélia Earhart was born on July 24, 1897, in Atchison, Kansas,
U.S. She was pronounced dead on January 5, 1939.
• Earhart was a pioneer in aviation in the United States, an author
and advocate for women´s rights.
• She was the first woman to receive “The Distinguished Flying
Cross” award, given to her for being the first woman to fly alone
over the Atlantic Ocean.
• She set several other records, wrote books about her flying
experiences, and she was important in setting up organizations for
women who wanted to be pilots.
• Amélia disappeared in the Pacific Ocean near Howland Island on
July 2, 1937, while attempting to flight around the Globe. And she
was pronounced dead on January 5, 1939.
• Nobody knows for sure what happened to her, but some experts
believe she lived the rest of her days in Nikamuroro, a place about
560 kilometers from her final destination, where traces of her
plane were found.
18. Hedy Lamarr
by Tainara de Avila da Silva
• Hedy Lamarr was born on November 9, 1914 in Vienna,
Australia. Lamarr was an actress and inventor. She has worked
on many famous films during her successful career. In early
1933 she took part in the movie Ecstasy that made her famous
because of the frontal nudity and sex scenes. After that, she
was in more than 18 movies, some of them are: Boom Town,
Tortilla Flat, White Cargo, Samson and Dalilah, My favorite Spy,
among others.
• Now talking about Hedy's worldwide contribution was
that she invented the system that served as the basis for cell
phones.
• During World War II, she created a sophisticated radio
interference device to mislead Nazi radars, under her real
name: Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler, that would serve as a basis for
cellphones. The idea came up to her and songwriter George
Antheil in front of a piano while working on a song. The system
later on would be known as the beginning of cellphones and
Wifi connections. She died in Altamonte Springs, Orlando
metropolitan area, January 19, 2000, at age of 86. And her
ashes were taken to Austria and spread all over Viena´s Woods
as requested by her.
• She was an inspiration to Walt Disney to create the
character Snow Shite, Disney´s first movie.
• I think she was a great woman and that she will continue
to be a big name for a long time and her invention is vital to the
world nowadays.
19.
20. Gisele´s morning class
• Ana Paula de Souza Engeumann - Malala Yousafzai
• Beatriz Ribeiro Braga - Audrey Hepburn
• Gabriel Romero Leite - Nadia Comaneci
• Gustavo da Silva Sobrosa - Emily Dickinson
• João Carlos Silveira de Avila - NASA Women
• Kamila Gonçalves de Freitas - Coco Chanel
• Ketlin Maria Ribeiro Nitz - Zilda Arns
• Lara Maidana Vaz - Clarice Lispector
• Saionara Decereider dos Santos - Nina Simone
• Sarah Fernandes Machado - Indira Ghandi
• Victória Sanches da Silva - Mother Teresa
• Vinicius Maculam Ribeiro - Marie Curie
• Texts in this section were reviewed by Gisele Correa
21. Malala Yousafzai is a
Pakistan student and
activist .She was born on
July12,1997.
She fought against
terrorist groups to have
the right to go to school.
On october 9,2012 Malala
was hit by three shots, she
was in serious condition but
she survived.
In the year of 2014, Malala
was the youngest person to
receive the Nobel Peace Prize.
by Ana Paula Engeumann
22. AUDREY
HEPBURN
by Beatriz Ribeiro Braga
Profile
• Audrey Kathleen Hudson was born on May 4, 1929,
in Brussels, Belgium.
• She was a British actress, model, dancer and
humanitarian.
• With the Nazi invasion, the family life was taken by a
series of deprivations: Audrey often had to eat tulip
leaves to survive.
• Hepburn died on January 20, 1993, at her home in
Tolochenaz, Switzerland, after a battle against colon
cancer. Great Achievements
• Hepburn is one of the few actresses to win an
Emmy, Tony, Grammy, and Academy Award.
• She was fluent in five languages: English,
Dutch, French, Italian and Spanish
• In her last years, Audrey became UNICEF
Goodwill Ambassador. She tried to raise
awareness about children in need, because she
understood too well what it was like to be
hungry from her days in The Netherlands
during the German Occupation.
“Nothing is
impossible,
the word
itself says
‘I’m
possible’!”
23. Nadia Comaneci
by Gabriel Romero Leite
Born: Nadia Elena Comaneci was born on November 12, 1961 in Onesti, a district of Bacau, a town
in the mountains of Romania.
Life: During her childhood she lived in a small apartment in the town of Onesti. She was discovered
by coach Béla Karolyi while playing in the courtyard with her gym friend, it was at that moment that
Béla Karolyi saw that Nadia had potential, she invited Nadia to a test, in it Nadia walked on a beam,
jumped and met the requirements to start the training at the age of six.
Work: At the age of thirteen, Nadia participated in the World Artistic Gymnastic held in 1975 in the
city of Skien in Norway; she won the individual after over coming multimedalist Ludmilla
Tourischeva. In the Olympic Games of 1980 she took part in five of the six possible endings, she
conquered her second silver medal in the collective, in the final by devices obtained her second
gold. In total she participated in two Olympics with five gold, three silver and one bronze.
Great Achievement: His greatest achievement was in the Olympics, at age fourteen took the first
women ten perfect in history, back then no female gymnast had ever achieved that. When the score
appeared on the scoreboard it looked like a one but as time passed they understood that it was a
perfect ten. She ended up getting the silver medal, but entering her name in history. Next day she
was gold in the asymmetric bars.
24. • EMILY ELIZABETH DICKINSON
• Born on December 10, 1830, in Amherst,
Massachusetts
• She died in May, 15, 1886
• Her life was quite infused with a creative energy that
produced almost 1800 poems and profusions of
vibrant letters.WHO IS SHE?
• Emily Elizabeth Dickinson was an American poet.
• Living a reclusive life on the family homestead. There, she secretly created bundles
of poetry and wrote hundreds of letters. Due to a discovery by sister Lavinia,
Dickinson's remarkable work was published after her death—on May 15, 1886, in
Amherst — and she is now considered one of the towering figures of American
literature.
• Only about a dozen of her own poems were published during Emily Dickinson´s
lifetime, most of them anonymously and without her permission. Emily enjoyed word
play and riddles, and fittingly so since she herself is something of a riddle and a
mistery. Her life is very much open to speculation, legend and myth, simply because
little is known about it. The most prevalent speculation is that Emily Dickinson
suffered from some form of agoraphobia or anxiety disorder.
• Her over 1.800 short poems were created without any apparent pattern or
progression, and they contain no titles or dates.
EMILY ELIZABETH DICKINSON
by Gustavo da Silva Sobrosa
25. Without them, no spatial knowledge.
by João Carlos S. de Avila
Katherine Coleman Goble
Johnson was born on August 26th,
1918. She is from West Virginia, in
the U.S.
She worked at NACA and later at
NASA, she was a mathematician,
aerospace engineer and physicist .
Great achievement: Katherine
made big contributions to the
American aeronautics, therefore it
helped the project to reach the
moon, among others.
She was most known for her
accuracy in computerized celestial
navigation. Her calculations were
critical to the success of missions
such as John Glenn’s and Alan
Shepard’s, Apollo 11 and Space
Shuttle program.
In 2015, she received the
Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Dorothy Johnson Vaughan was born on September
20th, 1910 and she died in 2008. She is from Missouri,
in the U.S.
She was the first black woman to manage the West
Area Computer, she worked as a mathematician with
Katherine J. and Mary Jackson.
Great achievement: Dorothy helped with her
calculations in spatial projects and evaluations. She
was the first black woman to became chief of
department at NACA (that would later be known as
NASA). She was also pioneer in the use of computers
and FORTRAN programming.
Mary Winston Jackson was born on
April 9th, 1918, and she died in 2005. She
is from Virginia, in the U.S.
She worked at NASA and at the Langley
Research Center, at these workplaces she
was a mathematician and later promoted
to an Aerospace Engineer.
Great achievement: Mary contributed
with her intelligence to the NASA´s moon
program by analyzing how the wind
worked.
26. Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel
was a French designer
and founder of the
Chanel brand. She is the
unique stylist present in
the list of the hundred
most important people of
the XX Century history of
Time magazine.She died
on January 10, 1971 (87
years)Paris.
“There is no time for cut-and-dried
monotony. There is time for work.
And time for love. That leaves no
other time!”
Coco Chanelby Kamila Gonçalves de Freitas
27. Zilda Arns
by Ketlin Ribeiro
• She was born on August 25, 1934. In the city of Forquilhinha- SC.
• She married at the age of twenty-one, and she had five children.
• She was nominated three times for the Nobel Peace prize for
Brazil.
• She was a pediatrician.
• Some years after becoming a widow, she founded Pastoral
da Criança.
• Pastoral da Criança aims to accompany children and
pregnant women in basic actions such as health, nutrition
and citizenship.
• She died in January 12th, 2010. She was working in Peace
Mission in Haiti to introduce Pastoral da Criança there,
when the earthquake stroke and killed thousands of
people, herself included.
• Even after her death her project continues to work.
• She received the title of Honorary Citizen of 11 states and
37 Brazilian municipalities, 19 awards (national and
international).
28. Clarice Lispector
by Lara Maidana Vaz
- Clarice was born in Chechelnky, Ukraine on December 10, 1920 and died in Rio de Janeiro
on December 9, 1977;
- Despite her Ukrainian nationality, Lispector has always declared herself Brazilian;
- Was considered the greatest Jewish writer since Franz Kafka and one of the geatest
Brazilian writers of the 20th century;
- Lispector studied law at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, but ended up becoming
intersted in the literary environment soon after;
- Consecrating herself as a writer, journalist, short story writer, essayist, columnist and
novelist;
- Among its prizes are the “Jabuti Prize” (1961 and 1978) and the Order of Cultural Merit
(2011).
Final Comments:
Even after so long, Clarice continues to be acclaimed and admired by the Brazilian
Academy of Letters and by Brazilian people. In addition to becoming a symbol of
female empowerment and an icon for women around the world.
29. Nina Simone
by Saionara Decereider dos Santos
The importance of Nina Simone to the world.
She was born in February 21, 1933 in Tryon, North Carolina, US. Her dream
was to be a concert pianist. But life has its on ways and instead of doing
that she ended up being a wonderful singer.
Simone was a singer, songwriter, pianist and an activist for the Civil Rights
Movement. Some people considered her the voice of the movement.
The civil rights movement is one of the most important moments in the
history of the United States, and it was a form of resistance for the
black community that demanded the end of the racial segregation and
Nina Simone took a strong part in the movement, her thoughts being
more closely to Malcolm X ideas than Martin Luther King Jr. She wrote
and recorded important songs and performed several times for the
movement, mostly well known song being “Mississippi Goddam”.
“It is an artistic obligation to reflect my time.”
Due to her ideas and actions, later she had to move to outside of U.S. and
ended up living in several places such as Barbados, Liberia, Switzerland,
Netherlands and France, where she settled and later on died of breast
cancer on April 21, 2003. Her ashes were scattered in some African
countries.
30. She wasn’t weak !!!
She was very strong for
this she was called "Iron
Lady of India" because
she was the FIRST
WOMAN elected in
India. She was born in
1917 and died in 1984,
she was born in British
India and transformed
India to be independent
as these days.
She was uncomfortable with
people's education and
decided to study and enter
politics because of this. Her
ideology was socialist and her
father was in politics too. She was a formidable
woman, but she was
assasinated by a sikh
nationalist (an extremist).
In 1999, Indira was
named "Woman of the
Millennium" in a poll
organised by the BBC.
In 1983-84 she
was awarded the
Lenin Peace
Prize.
BY SARAH FERNANDES MACHADO
31. Mother Teresa de Calcuta
by Victoria Sanches da Silva
She was born on August 27, 1910 in Skopje, Albania
Her dream, however, was to do missionary work with the poor
in India
In 1979 she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. In that same
year, Pope John Paul II received her in a private audience and
made her the best "ambassador" in all nations, forums and
assemblies around the world
Died September 5, 1997
She was beatified by Pope John Paul II on October 19, 2003,
World Mission Day.
On September 4, 2016, she was canonized by Pope Francis.
The canonization of the missionary was decided after the
Catholic Church approved its second miracle, the
"extraordinary cure" of a Brazilian.
“Any act of love, however small, is a work for peace."
32. 7 November 1867
Warsaw, Kingdom of Poland, then part of
Russian Empire
4 July 1934 (aged 66)
Passy, Haute-Savoie, France
Aplastic anemia
• She studied at Warsaw's clandestine Floating University and began her practical scientific training in Warsaw.
In 1891, aged 24, she followed her older sister Bronisława to study in Paris, where she earned her higher
degrees and conducted her subsequent scientific work. She shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with her
husband Pierre Curie and with physicist Henri Becquerel. She won the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
•She was a chemist and physicist
• Her achievements included the development of the theory of radioactivity (a term that she coined), techniques
for isolating radioactive isotopes, and the discovery of two elements, polonium and radium. Under her direction,
the world's first studies were conducted into the treatment of neoplasm, using radioactive isotopes. She founded
the Curie Institutes in Paris and in Warsaw, which remain major centers of medical research today. During
World War I, she developed mobile radiography units to provide X-ray services to field hospitals.
Marie Sktodowska Curie
by Vinicius Maculam Ribeiro
Nobel Prize in Physics (1903) - Davy Medal (1903)
Matteucci Medal (1904) - Elliott Cresson Medal (1909)
Albert Medal (1910) - Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1911)
Willard Gibbs Award (1921)
33.
34. Gisele´s afternoon class
• Carolina Almeida O. de Oliveira - Tarsila do Amaral
• Kerolyn Soares Camargo - Maria Quiteria de Jesus
• Lucas Cardones de Souza - Gertrude Ederle
• Luisa Medeiros - Gloria Maria
• Marina de A. Pereira - Maria Esther Bueno
• Nicolly Vieira figueira - Joana D´Arc
• Rafaela Giuliana H. Lima - Margaret Thatcher
• Vitoria Garcia Schaeffer - Queen Elizabeth
• Texts in this section were reviewed by Gisele Correa
35. Tarsila do Amaral
by Carolina de Oliveira
HER LIFE: Tarsila do Amaral was a famous painter, she was
born on September 1, 1886. In Capivari – SP in
Brazil;
She was married with her cousin André Teixeira
Pinto and she had a daughter;
She studied at Sion school and there she made her
fist art piece called “Sagrado Coração de Jesus”.
JOB AND ACHIEVEMENT:
In 1920 she studied in Paris where she lived together with famous
artists;
She was part of “Grupo dos Cinco” with Anita Malfatti, Menotti Del
Picchia, Mário de Andrade e Oswald de Andrade;
She was part of “Movimento Pau-Brasil” that was a moviment artistc
in Brazil in 1924 by Owsald de Andrade and Tarsila do Amaral who
presented a primitivist position, seeking naive poetry.
HER FAMOUS JOB:
Her most famous piece is “Abaporu”;
The origin of the screen name comes from the Tupi-
Guarani and means Aba (man) and Poru (eating).
36. Maria Quiteria de Jesus
by Kerolyn Soares Camargo
Maria Quiteria de Jesus was the first Brazilian woman in the Army, heroine of
Independence war, she was the frst woman to get a position in a unit of the
Brazilian Army, and the first woman to enter in combat on Brazil in 1823.
•Birth: 27/07/1792
•Death: 21/08/1853
•Nationality: Brazilian
•Work: Brazilian Army
In 1996 the Brazilian State awarded her the title of patron of the Complementary Table of Officers of the
Brazilian Army, and her deeds are recurrently compared to that of the French martyr Joana d'Arc.
The heroine of Independence
Her father didn´t want her to be in the Army, so she had to use a trick to get in: to dress like a man. She was
later confronted by her father but by then she had earned her superiors trust and stayed in the Army. In
the occasion of receiveng a medal in Rio de Janeiro, given by the emperor in person, who condecorated her
with the Imperial Order of the Cross, in the rank of Knight, listened the following pronouncement:
“Intending to grant to D. Maria Quiteria de Jesus the distinctive sign that marks the Military Services, which,
with a rare interest, among the most of her sex, had given the Cause of Independence of this Empire, in the
pious restoration of the Capital of Bahia, Use of the insignia of Knight of the Imperial Order of the Cruise”. In
addition to the commendation, she was promoted to Ensign of Line, to which she retired, taking advantage
of the occasion to ask the Emperor for a letter requesting her father to forgive her for her disobedience.
37. Gertrude Ederle was included into the
‘’International Swimming Hall of Fame’’ as an
"Honor Swimmer" in 1965.
Curiosities about her life:
Gertrude Ederle was born on October
23, 1905, in New York City. And died on
November 30, 2003, in Wyckoff, New
Jersey, at the age of 98.
In 1924, Ederle swam at the Olympic
Games in Paris, where her freestyle
team won three medals.
Ederle's first attempt to swim the
channel, in 1925, was disqualified
halfway through on a technicality. She
made her second, successful try on
August 6, 1926.
Gertrude Ederle
by Lucas Cardones
On August 6,
1926, 19-year-old
Gertrude “Trudy”
Ederle from New
York, became the
first woman to
swim the English
Channel, and she
did it in a time
shattered (by two
hours) existing
men´s records of
the day (14 hours,
31 minutes)
38. Gloria Maria
by Luisa Mederios
• Gloria Maria Matta da Silva was born in August 15,
1949 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. She is a Brazilian
journalist, reporter and television host. Gloria Maria
is a reference in the history of Brazilian television;
she was de first black television reporter and the
first reporter to appear on live television, at Jornal
Nacional.
• In her reports, she shows the most different kinds of
people, culture and places in Brazil and abroad. She
faced adverse conditions in her career and in the
last years she become well known for covering
special subjects, trips to exotic places and
interviewing celebrities.
• Awards & Reviews 2009: Received the "Black
Race Trophy" by "Afrobras" that honors and
values the talent of Brazilian black
personalities.
• 2010: Received the award dedicated to women
of the second edition of the event "Women
who shine Bombril".
39. Maria Bueno, formally known as Marina Esther Bueno,
was born in october 11,1939, in São Paulo.
Bueno is a former Brazilian tennis player of the 1950's,
1960's and 1970's. Throughout her famously career,
she has won nineteen grand slam (7 in the simple
category, 11 in pairs and in mixed doubles).
Later in 1960, she went down in history for being the
fist woman to win the 4 grand slam doubles in single
years.
She started playing in 1950. Then, in her twenty-year
career, she collected 539 international titles.
She was declared world champion in 1960, 1964 and
1966. Later, at the time there was no tournament to
have a champion of the season.
by Marina de Aguiar Pereira
40. Heroine and patronesse
Joana D’Arc
by Nicolly Vieira Figueira
* JOAN OF ARC WAS BORN IN FRANCE IN THE YEAR 1412
AND DIED IN 1431 (MEDIEVAL TIMES).
* SHE WAS AN IMPORTANT FIGURE IN FRENCH HISTORY
DURING THE HUNDRED YEARS' WAR (1337-1453), WHEN HER
COUNTRY FACED RIVAL ENGLAND. JOAN OF ARC WAS
CANONIZED (TRANSFORMED INTO A SAINT) IN THE YEAR 1920
WHEN DID SHE LIVE?
IN THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY, THE
ENGLISH SAW THE OPPORTUNITY TO SEIZE THE POWER OF
FRANCE.
WHAT MADE HER BECOME A WARRIOR?
AT THE AGE OF 12, SHE IS SAID TO HAVE HEARD VOICES FROM
THE SKY TELLING HER TO SAVE FRANCE AND CROWN THE
KING. HE WENT TO THE KING TO REQUEST A TROOP FOR THE
FIGHT
What did she do?
JOAN OF ARC WAS DISSATISFIED WITH THE BRITISH
GOVERNMENT. WITH THE SPANISH PEOPLE, IT WAS THE FIGHT,
COMMANDING A TROOP OF MEN.
41. Margaret Thatcher
by Rafaela Lima
Margaret Thatcher’s Life
Margareth Hilda Roberts married Denis
Thatcher, an oil industry executive. She
had two children, twins Carol and Mark;
Margaret Roberts attended a local state
school and from there won a place at
Oxford, where she studied chemistry at
Somerville College (1943-47)
She was born
in October 13,
1925, Grantham,
United Kingdom;
Died of a stroke, in
April 8,
2013, London, United
Kingdom.
Thatcher published a book on
international relations, which includes
the controversial idea that the UK
should leave the UE and join Nafta.
Great Achievements
In 1979 Thatcher was elected Britain's
first female prime minister. She
retained the position for 11 and a half
years, making her the longest serving
prime minister of the 20th century;
A reform of employment laws to reduce
the power of the trade unions;
The lower taxation for individuals and
business;
She built a “special relationship” with
America;
All these achievements gave Margaret
Thatcher the nickname of “Iron Lady”.
In fact, she was an incredible woman!
42. Queen Elizabeth
by Vitoria Schaeffer
● Born: April 21, 1926
● Married: Filipe, Duke of
Edinburgh (since 1947)
Great Achievements:
•December 11, 1936: Young Elizabeth becomes heir to the crown
when her father arrives to the throne after an abdication of his
brother Edward VIII.
•November 20, 1947: Elizabeth marries her cousin Philip of Greece,
for whom she had been in love since a teenage years in Westminster
Abbey.
• Isabel is a monarch of greater longevity and the longest reign in the
history of the United Kingdon.
43.
44. Natália´s class
• Anne Carolina dos S. Gomes - Irmã Dulce
• Eduardo Heber dos R. Scheimer - Ada Lovelace
• Elita dos Santos Ferreira - Virginia Woolf
• Emily Machado de Vargas - Florence Nightingale
• Ester Walter Lacerda - Jane Austen
• Gabriel Assis dos Santos - Maria da Penha
• Isabel Fernandes Ferreira - Hannah Arendt
• Maria Joana da F. Antonio - Gertrude Stein
• Nicole Santos Rodrigues - Aretha Franklin
• Pedro Fernandez Monticelli - Maya Angelou
• Raissa Bitencourt Wentz - Alice Guy-Blanché
• Vinicius Carpes M. da Silva - Althea Gibson
• Texts in this section were reviewed by Natalia Matte
45. IRMÃ DULCE
by Anne Carolina dos S. Gomes
Maria Rita de Sousa Brito Lopes Pontes,
better known as Sister Dulce, was born
on May 26, 1914 in Salvador, and died on
March 13, 1992. She was a Brazilian
Catholic nun who did many charity and
assistance actions for those who needed
it most. Sister Dulce was known for her
charitable works and assistance to the
poor and the needy, which she had
practiced at an early age. Sister Dulce was
one of the most important, influential,
and humanitarian activists. Her name is
always related to charity and love of
neighbor.
46. Ada Lovelace
by Eduardo Heber dos R. Scheimer
Ada Lovelace was the only legitimate child of the
poet George, Lord Byron, and his wife Anne Isabella
Milbanke ("Annabella"), Lady Wentworth.
Byron separated from his wife a month after Ada was born
and left England forever four months later, eventually dying
of disease in the Greek War of Independence when Ada
was eight years old.
Her mother remained bitter towards Lord Byron and
promoted Ada's interest in mathematics and logic in an
effort to prevent her from developing what she saw as
the insanity seen in her father. Despite that, Ada remained
greatly interested in her father, and she was, upon her
death, buried next to him, at her request. Often ill, she spent
most of her childhood sick.
Ada married William King in 1835. King was made Earl of
Lovelace in 1838, and she became Countess of Lovelace.
She created an algorithm for a mechanical general purpose
computer and because of that she is often recognized as
the first programmer. And also, because she was the first to
acknowledge the full potential of the computer.
Pic 1 – Ada Lovelace / Pic 2 –the machine she worked on / Pic 3 – Her algorithm
47. VIRGINIA WOOLF (1882-1941)
By Elita dos Santos Ferreira
She was a novelist, essayist and English publisher. One of the leading
writers of the Modernist Movement of the twentieth century. Famous for
presenting political, social and feminist issues in her works.
Virginia Woolf was born in London on January 25, 1882. Editor's daughter,
Leslie Stephen, in 1910 she joined the Bloomsbury group, an intellectual circle
of artists and writers.
In the group she met Leonard Woolf, with whom he married in 1912. In
1915 he published his first work "The Voyage Out". In 1917, together with the
husband, founded the publishing house Hogarth Press. He published "Night
and Day" (1919).
In 1925 he published "Mrs. Dalloway, a novel with serious depressive
problems, which worsened during the war, Virginia Woolf committed suicide on
the Ouse River near her home in Sussex, England, on March 28, 1941.
"If you do not tell the truth about yourself, you can not tell the truth about other
people.” Virginia Woolf
48. FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) was a prominent English nurse. She created the first Nursing School in England at St. Thomas
Hospital in London. She received the Order of Merit in 1901 during the Victorian era.
Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) was born in Florence, Italy, on May 12, 1820, at the time her parents lived in Italy. Millionaire's
daughter William Shore Nightingale she was a student at King's College London. On a trip to Egypt, visiting hospitals, she awakened
her vocation to nursing, although at the time it was not a worthy activity.
In England, she began her apprenticeship, splitting time between anatomy classes and visits to the district hospital. In 1851, she
ventured to Germany to attend the Fliedner Nursing School, where she lived her first professional experience among the Protestant
nuns of Kaiserswerth.
In 1856, Florence Nightingale returned to biased London. He was then appointed to the oversight of a charity hospital. In 1854 the
opportunity arose for Florence to go to the English military hospital at Scutari, which served the Anglo-French wounded in the
Crimean War, where the soldiers died, victim of cholera and cold.
With a small team, with the necessary equipment and with a hard work, even against the negligence of the military doctors, the
environment became conducive to attend the sick. Her devotion to the sick reduced drastically the deaths at the military hospital. She
was called "the lady of the night," for she ran all the wards with a flashlight.
On her return to England, Florence was welcomed with festivities but without health. Even so, she would still work hard to create
nursing schools and sanitary reform of military and military hospitals, where soldiers died, even in peacetime. Despite the
encouragement received from Queen Victoria, the opposition of the War Ministry persisted, for it did not make sense of these ideas in
time of peace.
To enlighten public opinion, and to mobilize it in her favor, in 1858, Florence wrote two books: "Hospital Administration of the Army"
and "Comments on Issues Relating to Health." With the necessary contributions, the reforms were carried out and a hospital was built.
In 1860, Florence saw the birth of the St. Thomas Hospital Nursing School in London. With her work recognized in 1883, Florence
received Queen Victoria, the Royal Red Cross, and in 1901 became the first woman to receive the Order of Merit.
Florence Nightingale died in London, England, on August 13, 1910.
by Emily Machado de Vargas
49. Jane Austen was an English novelist known primarily for her
six major novels, which interpret, critique and comment upon the
British landed gentry at the end of the 18th century. Austen’s plots
often explore the dependence of women on marriage in the pursuit of
favorable social standing and economic security. Her works critique
the novels of sensibility of the second half of the 18th century and are
part of the transition to the 19th century literary Realism.
With the publications of Sense and Sensibility, Pride and
Prejudice, Mansfield Park and Emma, she achieved success as a
published writer. She wrote two additional novels, Northanger Abbey
and Persuasion, both published posthumously in 1818, and began
another, eventually titled Sanditon, but died before its completion.
Austen has inspired a large number of critical essays and
literary anthologies. Her use of biting irony, along with her realism and
social commentary have earned her great and historical importance
among critics and scholars.
• Born: December, 16 1775
• Died: July, 18 1817
Jane Austen
by Ester Walter Lacerda
50. MARIA DA PENHA
B Y G A B R I E L A S S I S D O S S A N T O S
Maria da Penha Maia Fernandes (Fortaleza, Ceará, 1945) is a Brazilian
biopharmacist and women rights activist. A victim of domestic violence by her
husband, she fought for her attacker to be condemned. On August 7, 2001 the
Brazilian government sanctioned the law against domestic violence toward women,
entering into force on September 22 of that year, named after her. She attended the
ceremony of the sanction of Brazilian law that bears her name, together with other
ministers and representatives of the Brazilian feminist movement.
Today, Penha is the coordinator of studies of the Associação de Parentes e
Amigos de Vítimas de Violência (APAVV), in the Brazilian state of Ceará.
51. Hannah Arendt
by Isabel Fernandes Ferreira
• Name: Johanna Arendt
• Data of Birth: 10.14.1906
• Country: Germany
• Death 12.04.1975
She was a political philosopher, born in German of Jewish
origin.
She was a pupil of the philosopher Martin Heidegger, but she
also studied Kierkegaard, Nicolai Hartmann, Rudolf Bultmann
and she wrote her thesis in college under the watch of Karl
Jaspers, who would become a lifelong friend.
During the II World War, she helped by taking refugees into her
house. In 1937, the Nazi regime took away her the nationality,
and she became stateless until she obtained the American
nationality.
She was sent to a concentration camp, but escaped to New York
in May, 1941.
In 1951 she obtained her rights back and followed her career as
writer and professor, that lasted until her death.
52. GERTRUDE STEIN
by Maria Joana da F. Antonio
INTRODUCTION:
• The writer, poet and activist of the
feminist movement Gertrude Stein
was born on February 3, 1874, in
the city of Pittsburgh, in the United
States. A member of a family of
prosperous origin, daughter of
Daniel and Amelia Stein, this
Jewish artist spent much of her life
in Austria and France. She fixed
permanent residence in the French
capital after performing her
psychological studies with the
renowned William James and Henri
Bergson
• From Gertrude Stein is common to be said: to
have "discovered" Picasso; to have came up with
the expression “Lost Generation“, applied to
Hemingway and Fitzgerald; to have advised Paul
Bowles to dedicate himself to music and
considered herself a genius. It is also well known
that she had one of the largest and richest
collections of art of the twentieth century and that
these works are now scattered in several
museums. In her apartment in Paris, people from
the artistic world and society of that time were
easy to find: Pablo Picasso, Braque, André
Masson, Tristan Tzara, Marcel Duchamp, Jean
Aron, Djuna Barnes and Nancy Cunard are some
of the names on an endless list.
• Analysis of her work and personality changed
entirely concepts such as modernism, lesbianism,
aestheticism, among others.
53.
54. “History, despite its wrenching pain,
cannot be unlived, but if faced with
courage, need not be lived again.”
55. Alice Guy-Blaché
by Raissa Bitencourt Wentz
• Alice Guy-Blaché was the first director of cinema of the world and one pioreers
of the cinema in France. Born on July 1st, 1873 in the city of Saint-Mandé in
France.
• She lived with her family in a colony in Chile, but returned to France in 1877.
Trained as a typist, Alice has helped shape the film industry since the age of 21
years old, when worked as a secretary to the french protographer Léon
Gaumont in 1894.
• Alice was so inspired by the projection of ''La sortie de l'usine lumiere á lyon''
who borrowed the camera from Gaumont to film a famous french tele. That's
how her first movie was born ''The cabbage fairy'‘. She wrote, produced and
directed her dozens of short and feature films using techniques she learned
from photograpy.
• After marrying and moving to New Jersey, Alice funded her own movie studie
''The Solax Company''. She faced problems with divorce, and decided to live
isolated for a while. She died in 1968, in Wayne, New Jersey.
56. Althea Gibson was an American professional tennis player and profisional
golfer. The first black athlete to win Roland Garros. In 1956, she was
elected female athlete of the year by Associated Press. She is one of the
greatest players “who ever lived”, said Robert Ryland, a tennis
contemporary and former coach of Venus and Serena Williams.
by Vinicius Carpes M. da SIlva
60. • Gertrude Stein
https://www.anosloucos.blogspot.com.br
https://www.infoescola.com
• Gloria Maria
http://ego.globo.com/Gente/Noticias/0,,MUL317469-9798,00-GLORIA+MARIA+TATUA+DAS+COSTAS+AO+JOELHO+EM+VIAGEM+AO+ALTO+XINGU.html
http://gente.ig.com.br/2012-11-20/gloria-maria-sobre-termo-afrodescendente-acho-uma-idiotice.html
http://memoriaglobo.globo.com/perfis/talentos/gloria-maria/fotos.htm
http://entretenimento.r7.com/blogs/keila-jimenez/2017/02/01/quantos-anos-tem-gloria-maria-jornalista-deu-dica-rara-no-ar/
• Hannah Arendt
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/hannah_arendt
• Hedy Lamarr
https://iq.intel.com/how-hedy-lamarr-invented-early-wireless-technology/
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedy_Lamarr
• Indira Ghandi
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Gandhi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Gandhi
http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/indira-gandhi-47.ph
• Irmã Dulce
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irm%C3%A3_Dulce
• Jane Austen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Austen
https://austenonly.com
• Katherine Johnson / Mary Jackson / Dorothy Vaughan
https:/pt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Johnson
https://pt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Winston
https:/pt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Vaughan
• Lina Bo Bardi
http://lulacerda.ig.com.br/mobiliario-modernista-pecas-de-lina-bo-bardi-sao-reeditadas/
http://www.cliquearquitetura.com.br/ambiente/lina-bo-bardi-principais-obras.html
https://deviagemsa.wordpress.com/tag/lina-bo-bardi/
• Mother Teresa de Calcuta
http://santo.cancaonova.com/santo/santa-teresa-de-calcuta-dedicou-sua-vida-aos-mais-pobres/
61. • Malala Yousafzai
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malala_Yousafzai
• Margaret Thatcher
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher
• Maria da Penha
http://wikipedia.org/wiki/maria_da_penha
• Marie Curie
https://www.ebiografia.com/marie_curie/
• Maria Esther Bueno
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Esther_Bueno
• Maria Quiteria de Jesus
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Quit%C3%A9ria
• Maya Angelou
http://poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/maya-angela
• Nadia Comaneci
https://goo.gl/images/1HGtKT
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadia_Com%C4%83neci
• Nina Simone
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Simone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Simone
• Nise da Silveira
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nise_da_Silveira
http://www.huffpostbrasil.com/2016/04/19/quem-foi-nise-da-silveira-a-mulher-que-revolucionou-o-tratament_a_21701186/
http://www.polbr.med.br/ano02/wal0902.php
62. • Queen Elizabeth
https://deusnexus.wordpress.com/2017/01/31/queen-elizabeth-dementia/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_II
• Rosa Parks
https://pt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jeanne-theoharis/rosa-parks-100th-birthday_b_2614678.html
• Tarsila do Amaral
https://www.ebiografia.com/tarsila_amaral/
• Virginia Woolf
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf
• Zilda Arns
http://www.a12.com/noticias/detalhes/biografia-de-zilda-arns-neumann-1934-2010
https://www.pastoraldacrianca.org.br/noticias-sobre-o-falecimento-da-dra-zilda
https://www.pastoraldacrianca.org.br/noticias-sobre-o-falecimento-da-dra-zilda/1001-zilda-arns-e-o-seu-
primeiro-grande-desafio-viuva-com-cinco-filhos
63.
64. Behind the pages
• Editors: Carla Albuquerque, Gisele
Correa, Natalia Matte
• Writers: Alessandro C. B. de Alcantara,
Ana Julia S. Paz, Ana Paula de Souza
Engeumann, Andrielle Pereira
Gonçalves, Anne Carolina dos S.
Gomes, Beatriz Ribeiro Braga,
Bernardo Santos Fanganito, Carolina
Almeida O. de Oliveira, Dieimys Nekel
Araujo, Eduardo Heber dos R.
Scheimer, Elita dos Santos Ferreira,
Emily Machado de Vargas, Ester
Walter Lacerda, Francielly Marques
Andrade, Gabriel Assis dos Santos,
Gabriel Romero Leite, Guilherme de
Castro Eberhardt, Gustavo da Silva
Sobrosa, Isabel Fernandes Ferreira,
João Carlos Silveira de Avila, Kamila
Gonçalves de Freitas, Kerolyn Soares
Camargo, Ketlin Maria Ribeiro Nitz, Lara
Maidana Vaz, Laura Silveira de Freitas,
Lucas Cardones de Souza, Lucas Fagundes
Rodrigues, Luisa Medeiros, Maria Joana
da F. Antonio, Mariana Verran Reis,
Marina de Aguiar Pereira, Melanie
Oliveira da Silva, Nicole Santos Rodrigues,
Nicolly Vieiria Figueira, Pedro Fernandez
Monticelli, Rafaela Giuliana H. Lima,
Raissa Bitencourt Wentz, Saionara
Decereider dos Santos, Sarah Fernandes
Machado, Tainara de Avila da Silva,
Victória Sanches da Silva, Vinicius Carpes
M. da Silva, Vinicius Maculam Ribeiro,
Vitoria Garcia Schaeffer
Special thanks to: Anthony Presutto,
Neusa Matte and Rhamiro Migliavaca.