2022 English study group / short varies topics

Decoy
(noun)a bird or mammal, or an imitation of one, used by hunters
to attract other birds or mammals.
(verb)lure or entice (a person or animal) away from an intended
course, typically into a trap.

Where did I see this word….
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwGLhXzmyfk

Decoy effect
Asymmetrically dominated.
(āsəˈmetrək(ə)l)
The asymmetrically dominated option is therefore a decoy serving to
increase preference for the dominating option.
An unattractive third option which can change the perceived
preference between the other two.

Under “Decoy effect”
An unattractive third option

Gale-Shapley algorithm
(alɡəˌriT͟Həm)
also known as the
deferred acceptance algorithm or propose-and-reject algorithm
→ is an algorithm for
finding a solution to
the stable matching
problem,

(alɡəˌriT͟Həm)
involves a number of "rounds" (or "iterations"):
In the first round, first
a)each unengaged man proposes to the woman he prefers
most, and then
b)each woman replies "maybe" to her suitor she most
prefers and "no" to all other suitors.
She is then provisionally
"engaged" to the suitor
she most prefers so far,
and that suitor is
likewise provisionally
engaged to her.
Provisionally 暫時的

(alɡəˌriT͟Həm)
In each subsequent round,
a)each unengaged man proposes to the most-preferred woman to
whom he has not yet proposed (regardless of whether the woman is already
engaged), and then
a)each woman replies "maybe" if she is currently not engaged or if
she prefers this man over her current provisional partner (in this
case, she rejects her current provisional partner who becomes unengaged).
This process is repeated until everyone is engaged.
The provisional nature of engagements preserves the right of
an already-engaged woman to "trade up" (and, in the process,
to "jilt" her until-then partner).

(alɡəˌriT͟Həm)
Is it the matching better for men, for women, or
the intermediate one?
the algorithm converges in a single round on the men-optimal
solution because each woman receives exactly one proposal,
and therefore chooses that proposal, ensuring that each man
has an accepted offer, ending the match.
best for all men and worst for all women

Ferociously
■ It’s a Word use for …..
■ When I type it in Google picture for search …..

Ferociously
■ When I type it in news
for search …..

Ferociously
a bookish, ferociously intelligent young girl.
he's the most ferociously loyal friend.
her novel was ferociously attacked when
published.

IN CHINESE :YOUR
CAREER,RELATIONSHIP
OR YOUR MENTAL
SITUATION IS DOWN WE
USED “TIDE”
In english ,we
could use “slump”

■Verb
be dejected and apathetic.
If you mope around or mope about a place, you wander
around there not doing anything, looking and feeling
unhappy.
He moped around the office for a while, feeling bored.

■noun
a person given to prolonged spells of low spirits.
they're just a bunch of mopes
Synonym:
sinəˌnim
Melancholic,depressive, pessimist, prophet of doom
( 憂鬱的, 抑鬱的, 悲觀主義者, 末日預言者)

continue to have (something); keep
possession of.
built in 1830, the house retains many of its original features
absorb and continue to hold (a
substance).
limestone is known to retain water
keep (something) in place; hold fixed.
the successful design of a cartridge belt requires that the cartridges in it be properly
located and retained in that position

■ the nonresistive component of impedance in an AC circuit,
arising from the effect of inductance or capacitance or
both and causing the current to be out of phase with the
electromotive force causing it.
沒抗力的成分電阻抗
capacitance
store energy in
the form of an
electrical charge.
current
電動勢（縮寫為EMF）表徵一些電路
元件供應電能的特性
Hindering effect
In the electricity stuff………
What the fuck…..
Why I’m learning this…..
I am a literature person…..
Btw hinder means “create difficulties, resulting in delay
or obstruction ,obstacle”.
Sounds like tinder

Reactance in text
Frustration, stress,
and reactance are
other means by which
pettiness affects the
quality of leadership
in organisations.
Petty :
of little importance;
trivial.
(無關緊要的；瑣碎的。)
ˈpedē

The “Reactance” I want to learn
reactance theory suggests that
people react against perceived causes of frustration in
either two way :
a direct problem-focused manner to regain control
or
an indirect non-problem-focused way
to assert their authority.
is an unpleasant motivational arousal
əˈrouzl
It comes out when people experience a
threat to or loss of freedom.

Home bias prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person,
or group ….
Home bias is the tendency to stick
with what feels comfortable.

Home bias
it's a term to
explain some
kind of
behaviors in
investing
to invest the majority of their portfolio in
domestic equities, ignoring the benefits of
diversifying into foreign equities.
pôrtˈfōlēˌō
dəˈvərsəˌfī

Flux
“my stomach is in flux”

血液異常排出
助熔劑
As a term
通量（英語：Flux），或稱”流束”是通過一
個表面或一個物質的量，是個物理學和應用
數學的概念。

If something is in a state of flux, it is constantly changing.
Recommend
usage
The city is preparing for a large influxof tourists
this summer.
(an arrival or entry of large numbers of people or
things)
● Currencies that are in a constant state of flux and uncertainty.
● World relations are in a state of flux.
● Life is in a constant state of flux.

Doom
death, destruction, or some other terrible fate.
毀滅戰士：永恆
Doom Eternal is a first-person shooter game
developed by id Software and published
by Bethesda Softworks. The sequel
to Doom (2016), and the fifth main game in
the Doom series, it was released on March 20,
2020, for Windows, PlayStation
4, Stadia and Xbox One, with a version
for Nintendo Switch being released on December
8, 2020 and versions for PlayStation 5 and Xbox
Series X and Series S being released on June
29, 2021. Set some time after the events of the
2016 game, the story follows the Doomguy once
again, on a mission to end Hell's consumption of
Earth and foil the alien Maykr's plans to
exterminate humanity.
Foil :挫敗

Conclusion: A subtle word that
you don't interpret but feel for
yourself.

Divert
para desviarle la dirección
Get to know this Word when I
studied my spanish….from Harry
Potter XD

英文原文實際上並不是用 divert,而是用spin(過去式:spun)
“and Harry’s broom spun off course”

Divert
不是我們熟知的課程，而是
航線路程航道軌道

Marketers 營銷人員
aviation fuel航空燃料
scarcity缺乏
carriers運營商
Dam 水壩

Stilted
*Describe the plot when this word came out
(of a manner of talking or writing) stiff and self-conscious or unnatural.
we made stilted conversation

*show the other meaning of stilt and my
opinión about why they are connected

Glib
“no being glib”

Be careful when use this Word!
Glib usually carries a negative connotation. Its origin is
somewhat hazy, but it is related to Old German and
Dutch words meaning "slippery."
Think of a politician or salesman who is too polished,
too prepped, and too quick with the most perfect
answer--that is glib.

When use with other words
speaking or spoken carelessly
and often insincerely : a glib
answer.
A glib taller :
the language or manner one
has in conversation,
as proceeding very casually
or exhibiting relatively little
reflection before
contributing.
*conclude my own explanation or example of this word

Outgrow
“you don’t outgrow punk,sir”
no matter the age,punk is punk

it's a verb
Too grow bigger than or too big for something
To lose interest in and idea or activity as you get older
Grow too large or too mature for
This is a verb for which it is
difficult to find a
corresponding word in
Chinese
(*explain what is correspond)

examples
■ He has outfgrown his credulity.
■ About 5 percent of children stutter,but most outgrow it.
■ He eventually outgrew his adolescent intereste in war
and guns.
→he is old enough or being more mature to
not believe people so easily.
→ When these children grow up, they return to
normal and no longer stutter.
ˌadəˈles(ə)nt
→ someone wanna give it a try?
*conclude with the flexibility

Examples for : fraud
■ You think a fraud has her place in our team?
■ Our marriage was a fraud and it will be annulled.
■ The tax losses due to fraud are difficult to assess.
→ people who lies all the time
→ it's not true it's not legit it's a lie!
→ the tax loss caused by fraud is hard to
count.

Fraud(noun) → Fraudulent (adj)
Toy fake money
fraudulent banknotes

Cathart --------- Catharsis
the process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from,
strong or repressed emotions.

A catharsisis an emotional release.
According to psychoanalytic theory, this emotional release
is linked to a need to relieve unconscious conflicts.
Catharize
(verb)

undercut
If you're not familiar
with an undercut, it's
traditionally known as a
hairstyle in which the
back or sides of your
hair are shaven
underneath the longer
hair on top

If you undercut
someone or undercut
their prices, you sell a
product more cheaply
than they do.
.
EX:
The firm will be able to undercut its competitors
while still making a profit.

However….when I saw this Word be used…
undercut your tone a bit

Counterfeit
“Netflix docuseries Broken
highlights prevalence of
counterfeit cosmetics products
on online marketplaces”
ˈkoun(t)ərˌfit
Prevalence :
the fact or condition of being
prevalent,popular,widespread; commonness.

surfeit
Those examples in drama:
■ I detest the surfeit of provincial laughter.(The Muppet movie 1979)
■ HER D.A.R. GROUP SUFFERED A SURFEIT OF STROKES THIS WEEK.(Gilmore girls2000)
■ It's a surfeit of chromosomes.(The good wife 2009)
(我討厭過多的鄉土笑聲。)
(她的 D.A.R.團體本週遭受了過多的中風。)
(這是染色體過多)
How do you use Surfeiting in a sentence?
indulge (one's appetite) to satiety.
●A surfeit of rich food is bad for you.
●It's no good for your health to surfeit yourself.
●The country has a surfeit of cheap labour.
● Indigestion can be brought on by a surfeit of rich food.

June 3, 2022 — 11:36 AM
The latest Mercury retrograde period is finally over
as of Friday, June 3 (whew!), but we're not out of
the woods yet. Each Mercury retrograde comes
with a "shadow" period in the two weeks before
and after the planet's backspin, so it's in your best
interest to keep your wits about you in the coming
weeks.
Since Mercury retrograde is infamous for causing
communication issues, here are some tips for
navigating your relationships—romantic and
otherwise—until its shadow period is really over:
逆境
保持理智臭名昭著

When Is Mercury in Retrograde in 2022?
In 2022, Mercury will be in apparent retrograde motion during
the following ranges of dates:
January 13 to February 3
May 10 to June 2
September 9 to October 1
December 28 to January 18 (2023)
Please note that dates reflect Eastern Time U.S., not Universal Time.

tips for navigating your relationships—
romantic and otherwise—
1. Reflect on this Mercury retrograde.
2. Slowly integrate its lessons.
3. Proceed with caution.
so
cliché~

What Is Retrograde Motion?
This is, of course, an illusion

lawn
tree
plant
grass
vegetabl
e
Vegetation!!

exuberant
iɡˈzo͞ob(ə)rənt
filled with or characterized by a lively energy and excitement

Can you describe a person as exuberant?
If you are exuberant, you are full of energy,
excitement, and cheerfulness.
An example of exuberant is
“a child on Christmas morning”.

For use as things ,it could be unrestrained or lavish, as
in decoration; extravagant.←奢靡 ↑放肆 ↑ 奢華

She brought up the situation of the…her fecal matter on the bed
,and (lol )she just tried to blame it on the dogs .

Warning: The following
images may cause
discomfort

fecal : relating to or resembling feces.
類似於 (stool)
💩
Example of using Fecal :
Doctors may offer a fecal transfer to those
who have experienced recurrence and are
over 65 years of age or have chronic
conditions.
Recurrence 復發/chronic 慢性的

fecal : relating to or resembling feces.
類似於 (stool)
💩
Also what Johnnie said :
She brought up the situation of the…her
fecal matter on the bed ,and (lol )she just
tried to blame it on the dogs .
*bright up:

Hearsay ,hearsay,hearsay,hearsay,hearsay,hearsay!!!

The court must hear from the person themselves to
consider it as evidence.
if you are a witness in a trial, you cannot give the following
evidence, "My mother told me she saw the accused at
3pm".
This is evidence of a statement made
out of court and is hearsay
What is hearsay?

we are not lawyers, in that occasion we
might need to know this word?
SHənd
Shunned :persistently avoided, ignored, or rejected.
一直迴避、忽視或拒絕。

如果你想表達繞路 ,英文你會怎麼說?

如果你想說在原地繞來繞去呢?
“Circle aroud “maybe~
Does anyone know why helicopte
rs are circling around outside our
building?

“不走原路,特意繞道避開某種現場”

take a circuitous route
to avoid the accident site.

a circuitous method of inquiry;
a circuitous argument.
an act of asking for information.

If you want to say something is bad
quality what word would you use?
BAD!?
POOR
!?
TERRIBLE!?
AWFUL!?
SECOND-RATE!?
INADEQUATE
?!

The first sentence I learned this word
from:
“It was a botched robbery”
這是一次拙劣的搶劫(手法)”
嚴重穿孔的耳膜

That's why I was so cagey in telling you my backstory.

cagey
keɪʤi
A great Word to describe
those politicians
Not willing to say everything that you know about something
— often + about
Ex :Officials are cagey about saying who met with the mayor.

reluctant to give information
owing to caution or suspicion.

You got home,and you see this on your
wall,describe what you see :
A “crack”
maybe?

How about this?describe what you see :

I learned this Word
from spanish
I was studying Harry
Potter
A Word called
“Rendija “ came out
As usual,I checked it’s
meaning by English-Spanish
dictionary
And it showed
out
I was like :
What?

use these 10 parts and try to reorganize the original sentence
Answer!!

❷including things taken from
many different sources.
❶able to return to an original shape or size
after being stretched.
❸done or taken by
choice.
which one is its definition?

❶able to return to an original shape or size
after being stretched.
❸done or taken by
choice.
Elective/ɪˈlɛktɪv/
Elastic/ɪˈlæstɪk/
Only have
one “C”

❷including things taken from
many different sources.
Eclectic /ɪˈklɛktɪk
eclectic
eclectic
So many “C”!!CC winner!!

EXAMPLE:
●The collection includes an
eclectic mix of historical
artifacts.→
●A person with eclectic
tastes = a person who likes
many different kinds of
things.
不拘一
格的

— eclecticism /ɪˈklɛktəˌsɪzəm/
The eclecticism of her tastes or :
suffix
It’s a philosophical term

to represent
something
In a Clear and obvious
way
to a symbol
or
of example
be
something

to represent something
In a Clear and obvious way
to a symbol or
of
example
be
something

流離失所
Practice
rephrasing this sentence in your own context :
He is a leader who embodies courage

He flinched when I tapped him on the shoulder.
She met danger without flinching.
The bill was much higher than expected, but he
paid it without flinching.
It’s a verb,and we can
transform it as a noun by v-ing
->to move suddenly because you are afraid of being hit or hurt
->to show fear
->to hesitate from doing something unpleasant or dangerous

escape
advoid
coward
fear
scared

A publicly stated opinion — usually singular
He changed his stance after new evidence was
discovered.
She has maintained a neutral stance [=position]
during the negotiations.
She was criticized for her antiwar stance.
**Be criticize + preposition “for” !!

Aa way of standing — usually singular
She adopted a casual/relaxed stance.
A batting stance [=the way someone stands to
bat in baseball]

Law of
small
number
http://psychology.iresearchnet.com/social-psychology/decision-making/law-of-small-
numbers/#:~:text=Law%20of%20Small%20Numbers%20Definition,isn't%20for%20small%20ones.

Incorrect
belief
Experts
Laypeople
alike

23,000,000
150,000 With
large
samples

An urn
containing
100 don't know the color
What are the
odds?

An urn
containing
1000
don't know the color
the bigger the number
of sample is,the better
to reach the odds

An urn
containing
the odds of half of
them being blue is
much lower…only
50%

An urn
containing
the odds drop to zero

So whereas large samples tend to
resemble
the population from which they are
drawn, smaller samples do not.

XXX-mist
a person who tends to be hopeful and
confident about the future or the success
of something.
a person who tends to see the worst
aspect of things or believe that the worst
will happen.
a person who exploits circumstances to gain
immediate advantage rather than being guided by
consistent principles or plans.

ˈˈnīələst
a person who believes that life is
meaningless and rejects all
religious and moral principles.

a valuable object that is owned by a
family for many years and passed
from one generation to another
an old type of plant that is still available because
individual people have continued to grow it for
many years. (usually used before another noun)

My wife asked me to buy organic vegetables when I went to
the market.
"These vegetables are for my wife. Have they been sprayed
with any poisonous chemicals?"
I looked around but couldn't find any. So I grabbed an old,
tired looking employee in the produce section and said,
The produce guy looked at me, slyly smiled and said,
"No. You'll have to do that yourself."

Utility Software Company : Opwer
v.s
“Your
neighbors are
reducing their
energy use.”
Energy saving numbers :
5078 12%
5079 3%
5080 9%
“Save energy to
save money.”
0% reduction
in household
usage.

PEER
COMPARISON
SOCIAL
PROOF
I should do
the
same….

The more rare the opportunity, content, or
producto is,the more valuable is.

“Which one you think is better?”

People will be very receptive.

“that's all you got from beginning?”

Deviled eggs are hard boiled eggs where the yolk is mixed
with
mayonnaise, mustard, vinegar, salt and pepper.
The little sprinkle of paprika on top is the perfect
finishing touch.

Why Are They Called Deviled Eggs?
peppery
hot
spicy food

Arrabbiata
Made with dried red
chili peppers
=> literally translates
to “angry” in Italian

18th-century
“a fried or boiled
dish that was highly
seasoned. “
It was also used to include spicy, condiment-filled dishes, as well
and eventually used to describe eggs.

So where do deviled eggs come from?
boiled,seasonedwith
spicysauces,
servedatthebeginning of
meals
cilantro,onionjuice,
pepper,andcorianderwith
afermentedfishsauce
similarrecipeswere
widelyavailableacross
muchofMedievalEurope

The crabs let the anemones
ride around on their shells
and will even share food
with them.
Hermit crabs have been
known to have symbiotic
relationships with sea
anemones.
It's a prime example of keeping your friends
close and your anemones closer.

The loss aversion bias is
not always dreadful to
have

a combination of words that have opposite or very
different meanings ,seems to directly contradict itself.
oxymoron
Cruel kindness
Awfully good
Bittersweet
Same difference
Almost exactly

Funny oxymoron quotes
Mark Twain: “It usually takes more than three
weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech.”
Isaac Bashevis Singer: “We must believe in free will.
We have no choice.”
Dolly Parton: “You’d be surprised how much it costs to look
this cheap.”
Clara Barton: “I distinctly remember forgetting that.”

I saw this word
“Reading this makes it suddenly clear:
I have a secret double, a doppelganger— a
being from folklore given this name in the late
eighteenth century
and often seen as an evil twin or challenger of
the self ’s equilibrium.”
/ˈdɑːpəlˌgæŋgɚ/
/ˌɛkwəˈlɪbrijəm/

The doppelgänger became a popular symbol of horror literature, and the theme
took on considerable complexity.
In German folklore
A wraith or apparition of a living person.
Wraith,apparition :
a ghost or ghostlike image of someone
As distinguished from a ghost.
The concept of the existence of a spirit double, an exact
but usually invisible replica of every man.
Imminent
about to happen.
To meet one’s double is a sign that one’s death is
imminent.

How do I find my doppelganger?
8 Online Tools to Find Your Doppelgänger
Twin Strangers.
ILookLikeYou.
My Twin Finder
StarByFace. ...
Celebs. ...
Google Arts and Culture. ...
FamilySearch. ...
Reverse Image Search.

synthetic
something resulting from synthesis rather than occurring
naturally. especially : a product (such as a drug or plastic) of
chemical synthesis.
sync
Mexican cartels and
criminals are the
leading producers of
illegal synthetic drugs.
This shift is fuelling
the latest phase in
America’s opioid
crisis.

opioid opium
anəsˈTHēZHə
ˈōpēˌoid

Mexican cartels and criminals are the leading producers of illegal
synthetic drugs. This shift is fuelling the latest phase in America’s
opioid crisis.
00:00 - The growing market of illicit synthetic drugs
01:05 - Mexico’s booming production of illegal fentanyl
02:22 - The third wave of America's opioid crisis
03:56 - What are the costs of illicit fentanyl production?
04:53 - How is illegal fentanyl manufactured?
05:33 - What is China’s role?
06:51 - How dangerous is producing fentanyl?
07:53 - Why have cartels turned to fentanyl?
09:33 - Why are fentanyl pills so popular?
11:39 - The gig economy and illicit drug production
12:51 - How is fentanyl production democratising Mexico’s drug market?

2022 English study group / short varies topics

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